高一定语从句的优质课件.ppt

定语从句 高三英语第一轮复习 TheAttributiveClauses 基础知识 Complexsentence复合句 由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子 其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分 主句 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分 如主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 同位语 复合句 主句 定语从句 一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分 主句 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分 定语 Thestudents whodonotstudyhard willnotpasstheexam 主句主语 从句主语 从句谓语结构 主句谓语结构 在句子中作定语 修饰名词或代词的从句 这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导 并作句子成分 定语从句还叫做嵌入句 因形容词定语 所以又称之为形容词性从句 Attributiveclause 定语从句的位置 通常在先行词 在主句中 后 定语从句的引导词 关系代词 关系副词 指人 指物 who 主语 宾语 whom 宾语 that 主语 宾语 whose 定语 that 主语 宾语 which 主语 宾语 whose 定语 where 地点状语 when 时间状语 why 原因状语 先行代词和关系词的关系 1 Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly 2 TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom 3 Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather 4 TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome themachine that theboy who theboy s whose intheschool where 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系副词实际上是介词 先行词 Jointhefollowingsentences Aplaneisamachine Themachinecanfly 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences Aplaneisamachine Themachinecanfly Aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 amachine themachine Jointhefollowingsentences Aplaneisamachine Themachinecanfly Aplaneiscanfly 关系代词的实质 amachine that which 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary her Thegirl 关系代词的实质 Jointhefollowingsentences ThegirlisMary Wesawheryesterday wesawyesterdayisMary that who whom Thegirl 注意避免重复 关系副词和先行词的关系 IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling Idon tlikethewaythatyouspeak inwhich 不接 ontheday when inthehouse where forthereasons why intheway that 关系副词实际上是介词 先行词 ThemanthathelpedyouisMrWhite Thisistheperson that youwanttosee Adictionaryisausefulbookthattellsusthemeaningofwords Thefilmthatwejusttalkedaboutisveryinteresting Adictionaryisausefulbookwhichtellsusthemeaningofwords Thefilmwhichwejusttalkedaboutisveryinteresting Tomislateagain whichmakeshisteacherveryangry Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear afterwhichhefoundajobinabigcompany 定语从句考点归纳 定语从句考点归纳 2 关系代词与关系副词的区分 3whose的使用 4as与which引导的定语从句 1 that与which 6限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 5关系代词前介词的确定 1 that与which 1 Nothing canbedonehasbeendone 2 Doyouhaveanything youdon tunderstand 先行词是everything nothing anything something much little none等不定代词 引导定语从句用that that that 1 ThisisthebestTV ismadeinChina 2 Thefirstmuseum hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum that that 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 引导定语从句用that 1 that与which I vereadallthebooks youlentme that 先行词被any some no much few little every all very only last修饰时 引导定语从句用that 1 that与which 1 Thefamouswriterandhisworks theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents 2 Avictimisaperson animalorthing sufferspain death harm etc 先行词中既有人又有事物时 引导定语从句用that that that 1 that与which 1 Who youhaveeverseencandoitbetter Who做先行词时 引导定语从句用that that 1 that与which 1 Herbag in sheputallhermoney hasbeenstolen 2 Thisistheringon shespent1000dollars 3 XiaoWang with Iwenttotheconcert enjoyitverymuch which which whom 在介词后面 指事物用which 指人用whom 1 that与which Thedictionary thecoverofwhichisred ismybirthdaygift Thedictionary whosecoverisred ismygift 2 关系代词that which和关系副词when where的区别 1 找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全 如齐全用关系副词 用什么关系副词看先行词 Iwillneverforgetthedays Istayedwithyou when Pleasegivemethereason youmadesuchagreatsuccess why Doyourememberthelibrary youfirstmetyourgirlfriend where 2 定语从句没有宾语 Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse thegreatwriterusedtolive Thehouse theybuiltin1987 stayedupintheearthquake where that which I llneverforgettheday wefirstmetinthepark 3 如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构 有主语 则用关系副词 Kunmingisabeautifulplace flowersareseenalltheyearround where October1stistheday newChinawasfounded when Thewindow wasopenedthismorning hasbeenbroken Whichthat Themeeting willbeheldnextweek isveryimportant Whichthat 2 2 that which与why的区分 Thisisthereason forwhich Ididn tcomehere Thereason shegavewasnottrue why that which that 指时间 地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 Thisisthereasonwhyhedidnotcametothemeeting Wearenotsatisfiedwiththereasonthat whichhegaveus 1 I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago 4 Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago 5 Thisisthereason hewaslate 6 Thisisthereason hegave when inwhich which where inwhich which why forwhich that which Exercise 及物动词 及物动词 及物动词 介词 关系代词的情况1 Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway to in 介词 关系代词的情况2 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in Arethesetwosentencesright 介词 关系代词的情况3 Themanwho whomyouspokewasascientist Thecitythat whichshelivesisfaraway to in Arethesetwosentencesright 可见 who that不能用与介词之后 介词 关系代词的情况4 Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter 在固定短语中介词不能提前 下面两句中的介词能提前吗 1 Doyoulikethebookshespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebookshepaid 10 3 Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks 5 Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies 介词 关系代词的情况练习 onwhich forwhich fromwhich aboutwhich throughwhich 6 Thereisatalltreeoutside standsourteacher 7 Chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheYellowRiver 8 Thetower peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill 9 Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling 10 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows most hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear underwhich ofwhich fromwhich towhom ofwhich Theearthisround weallknow isknowntoall theearthisround isknowntoallthattheearthisround as As It 4as的使用 1 Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage hasbeensaidbefore which 2 everyonehoped Maryhaswonthefirstprize As as的使用 Hemarriedthegirl as which wasnatural Heseemedaforeigner as which infacthewas Aswasnatural hemarriedthegirl Tomislateagain whichmakeshisteacherveryangry Theearthtravelsaroundthesun asiswellknowntousall ThisisthesamebookasIlost ThisisthesamebookthatIlost 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样 这本书就是我丢的那本 as的使用 Thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllike Thisissointerestingabook wealllike as as 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书 定语从句 as的使用 Thisissuchaninterestingbook wealllikeit Thisissointerestingabook wealllikeit that that 这本书如此有趣 大家都喜欢 结果状语从句 as的使用 Wearefacingthesameproblemsaswedidyearsago Somepeoplehavenodoubtthattheircatunderstandsas somanywordsasadogdoes Wehopetogetsuchatoolasheisusing He ssuchagoodstudentaseveryonelikes He ssuchagoodstudentthateveryonelikeshim 定语从句 TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句 TheNon RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句 基础知识 起限定作用 若省略 原句意义不完整 起补充说明作用 若省略 原句意义不受影响 修饰先行词 修饰先行词 整个句子which 无逗号隔开 有逗号与主句隔开 1 有that 无that 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 2 作宾语时可以省略 不可以省略 当关系代词指代整个主句内容时 Hewaslateagain whichmadehisteacherveryangry 只用非限制性定语从句的情况 当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时 Themoon whichis384 400kilometersawayfromtheearth goesaroundtheearth 只用非限制性定语从句的情况 先行词是人名 地名 国名 建筑物等专有名词时 YesterdayheleftAmerica wherehehadstayedfortwoyears 区别 Ihaveasonwhoisadoctor 我有一个是医生的儿子 还有其他儿子 Ihaveason whoisadocotor 我有一个儿子 他是医生 意指 我只有这一个儿子 能力提高 Correctthesentences 1 I musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday 2 ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada 3 July1 1999isthedaywhenwe llneverforget to that 4 I mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme 5 Thosethathaven tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate which who Correctthesentences 6 ThisisthelasttimewhenI vegivenyoulessons 7 Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable that why Correctthesentences 9 Taiwan thatweknow belongstoChina 10 ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis as on Correctthesentences Correctthemistakes 1 Underthebigtreeare34students manyofthemcomefromclasstwo 2 Mymotherhasagoodbook whichcoverlooksterrible 3 Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore 4 Thereisanoldwoman thatisholdingastick whom whose it who 写作训练 根据下列句子 完成短文 众所周知 2008年北京将举办奥运会 英语作为一种国际语言 将会在交流中起着重要作用 作为一名高三学生 我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它 只有这样 才能为奥运贡献自己的力量 注意 要使用定语从句 Asisknowntoall Beijingwillhostthe2008OlympicGames English whichisaninternationallanguage playsanimportantpartincommunicatingwithforeigners WeSeniorThreestudentsshouldcatchthisopportunitytolearnitwell bywhichwecanmakeourcontributiontotheOlympicGames Thankyou Goodbye