零件常用表达方法.ppt

主视图俯视图左视图 右视图从右向左投射仰视图从下向上投射后视图从后向前投射 长 长 高 长对正 主 俯 仰 后高平齐 主 左 右 后宽相等 俯 左 仰 右 宽 长 长 高 宽 左 右 左 右 上 下 前 后 当所表达的局部结构是完整的 且外形轮廓线又是封闭时 波浪线可以省略不画 局部视图 将机件的某一部分向基本投影面投射所得的视图 A A A 省略标注的条件 当局部视图按基本视图的规定位置配置 中间又没有其他图形隔开时 可省略标注 超出视图的轮廓线 与视图轮廓线重合 与倾斜结构平行 辅助投影面 V H 斜视图 机件向不平行于任何基本投影面的平面投射所得的视图 A A A A B 45 斜视图的配置 斜视图可以和相应视图按照投影关系配置 也可以平移到图纸上适当的地方画出 为了画图方便 允许将斜视图旋转后放正画出 Chapter12SixPrincipalViewsAndAuxiliaryViews 12 1Sixprincipalviewsandtheirrelativepositions 1 Sixprincipalviews 1 Sixprincipalprojectionplanes 2 Thenameofthesixviews 3 Therelationsofthesixviews 4 TheOrientation Bottomview Leftsideview Rearview Topview Rightsideview Frontview 5 向视图 A B C A D Thenameoftheviewisthesameletter Anarrowheadwithalettertoshowthedirectionofprojection 2 Auxiliaryviews B 3 Thepartialviewsneedalwaysbelabeled Thenameoftheviewisthesameletter Anarrowheadwithalettertoshowthedirectionofprojection 2 Dispose A 1 Drawing Thepartialviewisborderedwithabreakline 1 Partialviews Ifthecontourofthefeaturetobedrawninpartialviewcaneasilybedistinguishedfromtheadjacentfeatures thenfulllinesmaybeusedastheborderofthepartialview A A A 2 Thenormalviewsneedlabeled 3 Dispose 1 Drawing Theslantingsurfacecan tshowitstrueshapeonprincipalviews Thedirectionofprojection Therelationshipwithotherviews 4 Notice Thenormalviewisborderedwithabreakline Iftheconfigurationisfullandthecontoursiscloseddown abreaklinecannotdrawing Anormalviewcanbedrawnasifrotatedfromitsdueorientation 2 Thenormalview Anormalviewisaprojectiononanauxiliaryprojectionplaneparalleltoaslantingsurface A A 3 Therevolvedview 概念视觉化 教学方法 1 直观性教学 剖切面 剖切面的选择 剖切面 剖切的假想性 剖面符号 金属材料 已有规定剖面符号者除外 非金属材料 已有规定剖面符号者除外 木材 纵剖面 横剖面 玻璃及供观察用的其他透明材料 线圈绕阻元件 转子 电枢 变压器和电抗器等的叠钢片 型砂 填沙 砂轮 陶瓷及硬质合金刀片 粉末冶金等 砖 混凝土 钢筋混凝土 基础周围的泥土 格网 筛网 过滤网等 液体 木质胶合板 不分层数 各种材料的剖面符号 GB4457 5 84 Chapter12Section cutaway andotherconventionalview 12 2Theconceptionofsectionview Cuttingplane 6 2Howsectionsaredrawn 1 Selectingaimaginarycuttingplane 2 Drawingprojectionofthesection 1 verticalintersectionline 2 horizontalintersectionline 3 Slantingintersectionline 4 Drawingallvisiblelinesbehindthesectionedarea 5 Label 1 Thepositionofcuttingplane 3 Thenamesofcuttingplaneandsectionview 2 Thedirectionofprojection A A A A 3 Drawingthesectioningsymbolsinsectionedareas Sectioningassemblies sectionlines Thenotices 1 Imaginary 2 Hiddenlinesareomittedinallsectionalviewsunlesstheyarenecessarytoprovideaclearunderstandingoftheview 3 Allsection linemustgoat45degreeandhavesamedistance A A 4 MustDrawallvisiblelinesbehindthesectionedarea 9 2TheTypesofSectionalviews Accordingtotherangeofsection 1 Fullsections 2 Half sections AnHalfisdrawninasectionandtheotherhalfasaregularexteriorview Notice 1 Theexteriorandinteriorportionsonthesectionalviewmustbeseparatedbyacenterline 2 Hiddenlinesareomittedunlesstheyareessentialtounderstandordimensiontheobject Half sectionsaremostoftenusedwithsymmetricalpars 3 局部剖视图 Notice 视图与剖视图的分界线为波浪线 错误 Pleasecorrectallmistakes A A Dimensionthefollowingobject 4 25 30 46 38 4 24 19 4 3 22 30 4 4 R2 5 R2 5 20 36 13 10 16 60 R4 3 9 A A Dimensionthefollowingobject 4 25 30 46 38 4 24 19 4x 3 22 30 4x 4 R2 5 R2 5 20 36 13 10 16 60 R4 3 9 A A A A A A F F B B 按剖切方式的不同 剖视图可分为 1 单一剖切平面剖切 2 阶梯剖切 A A A A A A A 1 画法 2 标注 3 注意 1 相互平行的剖切面的投影不能重叠 2 剖切平面的转折处不画线 3 转折处不能与物体的粗实线 轮廓线 重合 A 4 选择适当的转折处 不允许产生不完整的结构 Thetypesofsectionalviewsaccordingtocuttingmanner 2 Offsetsection A A A A A A A 1 Thecuttingplanesinoffsetsectionareparalleltoeachother 2 Label 3 Notesformakinganoffsetsection 1 Inanoffsetsection thepositionwheretwocuttingplanesintersectexistnoedge 2 Turningcuttingplanescannotpassthroughthecontourline 3 Itisnotallowedtoappearincompleteelementonthedrawing A 1 Singlecuttingplane 1 Itshouldbeidentifiedtheplacesofthecuttingplanesandit sbendswithshortfullline 2 Thenameofcuttingplanes 3 Twoarrowheadstoshowthedirectionofprojection 4 Thenameofthesectionalviewwiththesameletters A A A A A 3 Alignedsection Notesformakinganalignedsection 2 Theintersectionlineoftwocuttingplanesmustpassthroughtheaxis 4 Itisapplicabletothekindofflange A A 1 Itshouldbeidentified theplacesofthecuttingplanes thedirectionofprojection thenameofcuttingplanesandalignedsection Itdon tdrawaedge 3 Theotherconstructionsbehindthecuttingplaneisprojectedfromitsordinaryposition 4 Auxiliarysection A A B A A Auxiliaryviewsisprojectedfromthecuttingplaneasindicatedbysightarrows AuxiliarycuttingplaneisA A Itmustbelabeled A A A A B B Ribsorspokeinsection A A 1 Ifacuttingplanecutslongitudinallythroughathinwallorrib thewalldoesnotreceivecrosshatchinginthesectionalviewbutinsteadisboundbyavisibleoutline 2 Ifacuttingplaneissetupacrossariboraweb thethinelementshouldbecrosshatchedaccordingtothegeneralrule 4 Whenholes ribsorspokesequallyspacedinasolidofrevolutionarenotcuttingbyacuttingplane suchfeaturesmayberevolvedontothecuttingplanebyconvention 3 Whenribsorspokesaresymmetricallyspacedaboutahub itisconventionalpracticetorevolvethemtowheretheywillappeartruesizeineitheravieworasection 押金300元 班 图板租金1元 块 丁字尺1元 把周五下午东一楼202 张又娇15271814374测绘时间第2 7周周三上午东一楼408 Sectionprovidesaconvenientmeansofshowingtheshapeofarib arm orangleironandthedepthoftheholeorgrooveinshaft Sectionsmustbeidentified A A A A 9 3 1SectionsDefined 9 3Sections 1 Thepositionofcuttingplane 3 Thenamesofcuttingplaneandsectionview 2 Thedirectionofprojection 9 3 2TypesofSections 6 7 3RevolvedSection Sectionsmaybedividedintotwokinds RevolvedSection RemovedSection Arevolvedsectionisusedtodescribeacross sectionofapart toeliminatetheneedfordrawinganentirelyseparateview TheCharacteristic 1 Therevolvedsectionissetintheview 2 Theoutsidecontouroftherevolvedsectionisdrawnwithathinline Iftherevolvedsectionisnotsymmetric thecuttingplanelineterminatedwitharrowheadsmustbedrawtoshowinwhichdirectionthesectionisrevolved 9 3 4RemovedSection Therevolvedsectionmayalsobesetina break Thelengthmaybeshortenedandgivenbyadimension Theoutsidecontourofitisdrawnwithafullline TheCharacteristic 1 Theremovedsectionisremovedtosomeadjacentplaceonthepaper 2 Theoutsidecontouroftheremovedsectionisdrawnwithafullline Notice A A A A A A 1 Ifthecuttingplanepassesthroughtheaxisofaholeorpit whichisformedwithsurfaceofrevolution thensuchfeaturesshouldbedrawnasasectionalview 2 Thecuttingplanemustbeperpendiculartothemaincontour C C A A A A A 4 Whentwoelementsofanobjectarewiththesamesymmetricallineoraxis theneachelementcanbedrawnhalfshapewiththesymmetricallineoraxisastheir PartialEnlargedView II A A A A I 2 1 I II 4 1 Thesimplificationofsimilarelements 20个槽 TheholesinFlange Thepartialview Symbolsforplane Symbolsforknurling HalfviewandQuarterview Diamondknurling0 8 ThesimplifiedrepresentationofinclinedCircles TheSimplifiedRepresentationofIntersectionLine 交线用轮廓线代替 Cross hatching Conventionalbreakoflongparts A A F F B B C C D D D D 5 5看剖视图举例 作业 P44 P45P47 23 24P48 26 上 27P49 上 补漏线加例子 备课本上与电类习题 半剖第一个例子为 备课本上的