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2019中考英语短文改错、首字母填空、阅读优享新题（5）一、阅读理解。A（2019中考教育类选练）Escaping (逃) from a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, for example, you can use stairways, roofs and fire escapes, but no lifts. From the lower floors of buildings, to escape through windows is possible. The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground.It is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.Windows are also useful while you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed, before opening the window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low next to the window to be sure you get fresh air. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in earthquakes. Stay inside and duck and cover. Get under a desk or table, or stand in a corner or under a doorway. Cover your head and neck with your arms. Stay in your seat if in a cinema or a theater. Get below the level of the back of the sea and cover your head and neck with your arms. Try to stay away from kitchens, where there are often many objects that might fall or get hurt. It is necessary for all to keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly. When one crosses the street, he should take the crosswalk , underground passage or pedestrian overpass. Keep riding on the right side of the road. When the red light is on, please stop and wait until the green light is on. It is important to let the children know that playing on the road is very dangerous. Helping the aged and children cross the road is always a kind deed. If everyone obeys the traffic rules, it will be much safer to walk or ride on the road.( ) 1. You can try to escape a fire through the following ways except _. A. fire escapes B. lifts C. roofs D. stairways( ) 2. According to the first passage, windows are _. A. of no use when a fire breaks out B. useful in putting out a fire C. the only way of escaping from a fire D. one of the ways of escaping from a fire( ) 3. The main idea of the second paragraph is_. A. how to protect yourself in an earthquake B. covering your head and neck with your arms can protect you in an earthquake. C. advice for dangerous situations D. how to stay calm in an earthquake( ) 4. The underlined word “duck” in the passage “means_ . A. a water bird with short legs B. some kind of meat for eating C. walk like a duck D. lower your head and body very quickly( ) 5. Which is the correct behavior according to the last paragraph? A. Youd better play and ride on the road. B. When the green light is on, please wait. C. When one crosses the street, one must take the crosswalkD. You should keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly.参考答案1B 2D 3A 4D 5D B左栏是人们在日常生活中浪费能源的五种现象，右栏是与其对应的解决建议。请根据具体的现象选出对应的解决建议。()11. Every day in homes all over the world, people leave lights on when no one is in the room.()12. Air conditioners are usually set at too high temperatures in winter.()13. A lot of water is wasted by using too much.()14. Because more and more people buy cars, well have less and less gas to use.()15. People especially children watch TV for too many hours.A. Take a shower instead of bath, for a bath uses twice as much water. Dont flush toilet unnecessarily.B. Plant more trees and grass around our houses.C. Encourage people to do more outdoor activities in their free time. Get children to learn more from reading books.D. Always keep the saying in mind “Turn off lights before leaving.”E. We should walk to work, ride a bike to school, take a bus home more often instead of driving cars.F. Use both sides of the paper.G. In the room where you have an air conditioner, you can save electricity by cleaning the filter(过滤器). Also, set the air conditioner at 25.参考答案1115 D G A E CC（中考英语-人物故事） (xx江苏宿迁)My father was German，but he worked in England. He married my mother，who was English. Her family name was Robinson，so when I was born in 1632 in England，they called me Robinson，after her.My father did well in his business and I went to a good school. He wanted me to get a good job，and live a quiet，pleasant life. But I wanted adventure and an exciting life.“I want to be a sailor and go to sea，” I told my mother and father. They were very unhappy about this.“Please dont go，” my father said. “You wont be happy you know. Sailors have a difficult and dangerous life.” And because I love him，and he was unhappy，I tried to forget about the sea.But I couldnt forget，and about a year later，I saw a friend in town. His father had a ship and my friend said to me，“We are sailing to London tomorrow. Why dont you come with us？”On September 1st,1651，I went to Hull，and the next day we sailed for London.But a few days later，there was a strong wind. The sea was rough and dangerous，and the ship went up and down，up and down. I was very ill，and was very afraid.“Oh，I dont want to die！” I cried. “I want to live! If I live，I will go home and never go to sea again！”The next day the wind stopped，and the sea was quiet and beautiful again.“Well，Robinson，” my friend laughed，“How do you feel now? The wind wasnt too bad.”“What？” I cried. “It was a terrible storm.”“Oh，that wasnt a storm，” my friend answered，“just a little wind. Forget it，come and have a drink.”After a few drinks with my friend，I felt better. I forgot about the danger，and decided not to go home. I didnt want my friend and family to laugh at me!I stayed in London for some time，but I still，wanted to go to the sea. So，when the captain(船长) of a ship asked me to go with him to Guinea in Africa，I agreed. And so I went to the sea for the second time.It was a good ship，and everything went well at first，but I was very ill again. Then when we were near the Canary Islands，a Turkish pirate(海盗) ship came after us. They were famous thieves of the sea at that time. There was a long，hard fight，but when it finished，we and the ship were prisoners. The Turkish captain and his men took us to Sallee in Morocco. They wanted to sell us as slaves(奴隶) in the market. But in the end，the Turkish captain decided to keep me for himself，and took me home with him. This was a sudden and terrible change in my life. This Turkish captain was now my master.( )1. Why did Robinson forget about the sea at the beginning?A. Because he had no money to own a ship.B. Because he hasted to live a dangerous life.C. Because he wanted to make his parents happy.D. Because he looked forward to getting a good job.( )2. Which is the right time order of what happened in the story?a. One of Robinsons friends invited him to sail to London.b. The Turkish captain took Robinson home.c. A captain asked Robinson to go with him to Guinea.d. Robinson drank with his friend.e. A long and hard fight happened.A. adceb B. dacebC. acbed D. dcabe( )3. What did Robinson think of his sea journey?A. Everything was fine.B. The sea was quiet all the time.C. The wind was weak.D. Sea life was dangerous at times.( )4. Who took Robinson to Sallee in Morocco?A. The Turkish captain.B. His friend.C. The captain of a ship.D. His father.( )5. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?A. Robinson wanted to serve the Turkish captain.B. Robinson lived happily with the Turkish captain.C. Robinson became a slave to the Turkish captain.D. Robinson made friends with the Turkish captain.【参考答案】CADAC二、短文首字母填空。在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have. It is important to remember that the body needs proper c 1 in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well if it doesnt receive the proper kind of fuel. Dont eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods which are h 2 in protein(蛋白质), like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they p 3 necessary vitamins and minerals (矿物质) . However, dont eat too much. It is not helpful to be overweight.Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you dont get enough sleep, you will feel tired and get angry e 4 . You will have no energy. So, be sure to have seven to nine h 5 of sleep each night. It you do, your body will feel strong.F 6 get plenty of exercise. Exercise makes the body strong and prevents you from putting on weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably i 7 your life-span (寿命) 1 Doing exercises is not only good for your body, but it is fun and enjoyable, too.If you eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, you will all live to be much older and wiser.【参考答案】1. care 2. high 3. provide 4、 easily 5. hours 6. Finally 7. increase三、短文改错。Yesterday we went to plant trees on the hill near our school. The boys were made dig pits(坑).The1_ girls were told to plant the young trees into the pits. 2_ All of us worked very hardly. Soon we were all wet3_ with sweat. After the young trees planted, we4_began to water it. The water was at the foot of5_ the hill. But we stood in line to pass pails(桶) 6_of water from one to another up to the hill. We did not finish water the trees until it 7._was dark. Though we were tired, we feel very happy.8_答案1made后加to2无错误3hardly改为hard4planted前加were5it改为them6But改为So7water改为 watering。8.feel改为felt【解析】试题分析：这篇短文讲述昨天班级集体去植树。男生负责挖坑，女生负责种植。最后一起浇水，这一天虽累但是很充实。每个人都很开心。45句意：男孩负责挖坑。make变为被动语态时，要还原不定式符号to。故在made后加to。46句意：女孩负责将树苗放进坑里。此行无错误。47句意：我们所有人都非常努力工作。hardly是副词“几乎不”，hard“努力地”。48句意：在所有树苗都被栽好以后。the young trees和plant 是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。故在planted前加 were。49句意：我们开始给它们浇水。很多树苗，因此要用them，不能用 it。50句意：水在山脚下。因此我们排成队传一个挨着一个的将水桶传到山上。不是转折关系，是因果关系。因为树在脚下，所以排成队传递桶。故But改为So。51句意：直到天黑我们才完成浇水。finish doing sth“完成做某事”，故将water改为watering。【小题8】句意：尽管我们很累但是我们都感觉很开心。本文叙述的是过去的事情，因此把feel改为felt。
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