人教版（浙江）备战2020年初中英语中考复习专项训练：阅读理解（三） 说明议论类（II ）卷.doc

人教版（浙江）备战2020年初中英语中考复习专项训练：阅读理解（三） 说明议论类（II ）卷姓名:_ 班级:_ 成绩:_一、 阅读理解 (共10题；共82分)1. （8分） Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obamas “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘录) from his speech.I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard workthat your ticket to success is through rapping (饶舌音乐) or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, youre not going to be any of those things.But the truth is, being successful is hard. You wont love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem completely important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.Thats OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones whove had the most failures. JK Rowlings first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投篮) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”These people succeeded because they understand that you cant let your failures beat youyou have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.No ones born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.Dont be afraid to ask questions. Dont be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isnt a sign of weakness; its a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to admit(承认) when you dont know something, and to learn something new.And even when youre struggling, even when youre discouraged (泄气), and you feel like other people have given up on youdont ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.（1）Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the fourth paragraph?A . To compare these two famous persons.B . To explain that writing and sports are difficult skills.C . To show that the two persons were treated unfairly.D . To prove that failure is the mother of success.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A . No one can be successful without working hard.B . Failure can be good if you treat it in a right way.C . Those who believe in themselves shouldnt ask others for help.D . One should try his best to make his dream come true.（3）Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?A . One should change his mind when others give honest advice to him.B . One should believe in himself no matter what difficulty he is faced with.C . One doesnt have to work hard when he has failed several times.D . One doesnt have to take others advice when they get away from him.2. （8分）阅读理解 Rahanna Bisseret Martinez is a 13-year-old chef(厨师) from Cambridge, UN. Early this year, she took part in Top Chef Junior, a cooking competition show for 12 chefs, ages 11 to 14, from all over England. Rahanna finished second in the competition. Here is an interview with her.Reporter: How did you get into cooking?Rahanna: My earliest memories are of being in the kitchen and cooking. But I started working on recipes (食谱) at 10 years old.Reporter: What is your favourite recipe? Rahanna: I like to cook everything. I really like to cook whatever I havent cooked before.Reporter: _.Rahanna: Im better about making sure I have my ingredients (原料) in order. I m able to work a lot faster in the kitchen.Reporter: How did you get on the show?Rahanna: I went to London for a boot camp (集训营). There were 20 to 25 children, and we all had little challenges (挑战) that we had to do, showing our skills. They whittled the group down each day and the top 12 got to go on the show. Reporter: Whats next for you?Rahanna: Ill be looking for a part-time job in a restaurant kitchen. Im also working on a book. Itll be more than just a cookbook, therell be surprises too!（1）What can we learn about Top Chef Junior? A . 14 kids took part.B . Rahanna won first place.C . It took place in Cambridge, UN.D . It is a national cooking competition.（2）Which question can be put in _. A . Who cooks best in your family?B . What did you learn from being on the show?C . Are you satisfied with what you did on the show?D . Any advice for kids who are interested in cooking?（3）What does the interview mainly talk about? A . The introductions of the chef Rahanna about cooking.B . How he finished second in the cooking competition.C . What he will do after the competition.D . How he got on the show.（4）Rahanna plans to_. A . open her own restaurantB . go to more competitionsC . look for more part-time jobsD . make her cookbook special3. （6分）阅读理解 1980Shenzhen Special Economic Zone设立深圳经济特区Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, one of Chinas first special economic zones, is established in 1980. The move allows Shenzhen to enjoy more market-oriented and flexible economic policies.1997Hong Kongs return to China香港回归In 1997, Hong Kong returns to China. Since then, one country, two systems, Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong and a high degree of autonomy have been effectively implemented.1999Macaos return to china澳门回归In 1999, Macao returns to the motherland from the control of Portugal. Under the one country, two systems policy, Macao enjoys a high degree of autonomy.1978Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist party of China十一届三中全会召开In 1978 the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Committee party of China decides to implement reform and up to the outside world. The Focus of the whole party shifts to economic policies.1992Deng Xiaopings speeches during his southern tour邓小平南方谈话From January 18 to February 21, 1992, Deng Xiaoping tours southern cities including Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shanghai and delivers a series of important speeches on reform and openingup.2018Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge港珠澳大桥通车Hong Kong-Zhuhai- Macao Bridge. The worlds longest cross-sea bridge opens to traffic in October. 2018. As the first road link to span the Pearl River Estuary, the bridge will improve the development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.2017Fuxing bullet trains复兴号投入运营Chinas first self- developed bullet train Fuxing is launched in June 2017. Its core technologies, including its power supply, operation management and security monitoring, are all homegrown.2008First spacewalk完成首次太空行走On Sept 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang accomplishes the first space walk, making China the third country to independently master the key technologies for doing spacewalks.（1）What happened to Shenzhen in 1980? A . She became a special economic zone.B . She was the neighbour of Hong Kong.C . She held the third plenary session.D . She opened the gate to welcome Macao.（2）How many events can you find during 1978-1999? A . Six.B . Three.C . Eight.D . Five.（3）What information can you get from 2008 First spacewalk? A . Zhai Zhigangs achievement.B . Chinas breakthrough in outer space.C . Chinas great technologies.D . The third country of the world.（4）What have the two events of 2017 and 2018 told the world? A . China has had the longest crosssea bridge in the world.B . China has developed its first bullet trains named Fuxing.C . China is keeping paces with (跟上)the developed countries.D . Chinas opening-up policy is better than others.4. （8分） Basketball is still a young game. Its over a hundred years old. In the winter of 1891, a certain college was having some trouble with its boy students. The weather was bad and the students had to stay indoors. As they couldnt play outdoors, they were unhappy, and some even got into fights from time to time.Some of the teachers at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent（发明）a game so that the students might have something to play with. It was not easy to invent such a game because it had to be played indoors , and the court（球场）was not very large.Dr. Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game. It was a fast, wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball. It was played between two teams. To make a score , the ball had to be thrown into the basket ten feet（英尺）abovethe floor on the wall. At each end of the court there was such a basket. At first, Dr.Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box. As he could not find boxes of the right size, he had to use fruit baskets instead. That is how the game got its name. （1）How long is it since basketball was invented?A . 100 yearsB . Less than 100 yearsC . 110 yearsD . More than 100 years（2）The students felt unhappy because _.A . they had little time to studyB . they often got into fightsC . they had much homework to doD . they couldnt play outdoors（3）Who asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game?A . Some studentsB . Some teachersC . Some studentsparentsD . Some of his friends（4）When a student _, he makes a score.A . receives the ball.B . throws the ball to another studentC . runs quickly with the ball in his handD . throws the ball into the basket（5）Which sentence is right?A . The students could go outdoors when the weather was bad.B . It was easy to invent the gameC . Dr. Naismith had to use fruit baskets to throw the ball.D . The ball had to be thrown into the basket five feet above the floor.5. （10分） As we know, it is not easy to build a satellite(卫星). Building a traditional satellite usually takes years. The costs can be as high as $250 million or more. Most members of the design teams have worked in the field for a long time. They hold advanced degrees(学历) in math, science, or engineering.But things are changing. High costs, unusual educational needs and long start-up times are no longer an obstacle(障碍) to space exploration. The scientists have developed a new type of tiny, inexpensive earth-orbiting(轨道) satellite.So far, college students have built and launched(发射) several cube-shaped satellites, or CubeSats. At least 15 more are ready to go. Those already in orbit take pictures, collect information and send it back to the earth, just as regular satellites do.But you might not even have to wait until you get to college to start designing and building your own satellite. A new program called KatySat aims to get teenagers to take part in. When kids understand what satellites can do, the kinds of ideas theyll come up with may be countless.Education isnt the only aim of CubeSats because these tiny, technology-filled boxes are inexpensive to build and can be put together quickly, theyre perfect for testing new technologies that might one day be used on major space tasks.The biggest challenge now is to find ways to bring the satellites back to the earth after a year or two. Or space junk could gradually increase because CubeSats become more popular.Nowadays, college and high school students are getting a chance to learn what it takes to explore in space. Somedayperhaps a lot sooner that you imagingyou might get to design, build and launch your own satellite. If you do, youre sure to have fun. And you might also get crazy about science for life.（1）Building a traditional satellite _.A . costs $250,000 B . needs college studentsC . takes quite a long time（2）Compared with the traditional ones, the new satellites _.A . need long start-up timesB . are cheap and small-sizedC . collect more junk in orbit（3）The underlined word “countless” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_”.A . 无用的B . 无价值的C . 无数的（4）According to the passage, which of the following is true?A . CubeSats could possibly cause pollution in space.B . Scientists designed CubeSats for kids to play with.C . Students cant design satellites without college education.（5）The purpose of the author writing the passage is _.A . to tell us that satellite technology can also be learned by kidsB . to show that high technology brings a big change in kids lifeC . to tell us that kids must study hard to learn satellite technology6. （8分）根据短文理解，选择正确答案。Every minute，someone is setting up an Internet company somewhere, in the world Each one is searching for the one great idea that could make his web company click in a big wayAnd they are trying all kinds of tricks to attract people towards their websitesWhile some websites offer sounds，cartoons and amazing photos on screen to make their sites almost a movie-like experience for the viewers，others provide free downloads and competitionsA company in California，US，has decided to offer online smells to people who visit its websiteThat is，if a pizza image comes on screen，your nose will catch the smell of bread and cheese！All you need to do is to connect a device（设备）called “iSmell” with your computerThis smart little device contains（包含）some chemicals that can create different kinds of smellsThe company has invented software that changes the chemical composition（成分）of different smells into digital signals(数字信号）An onscreen image，which is programmed with the proper digital signal，will start the“ iSmell deviceThe device will use the software to change the digital signal again and let go of the correct smellThis device reads the digital smell code（代码）from the website and creates the proper smell from its store of chemicalsThis smell is then made to blow softly in the direction of the user with the support of a small fanIn order to let go of the correct smell，the company has created a “Scent Registry”，which contains a digital index of thousands of smellsThe company plans to allow website developers to integrate（合成）the proper smells in digital code to their games and imagesThe company is also hoping that Hollywood filmmakers will use the smell technology in their moviesImagine audiences getting the smell of rocket fuel as a spacecraft takes off on the cinema screen！Of course，filmmakers will have to be careful not to shoot in dirty neighborhoods，which have a lot of rubbish lying around（1）Internet companies try their best to search for great ideas to_A . join in the Internet feverB . offer movie-like experienceC . provide free downloads and contestsD . attract people to their websites（2）According to the passage，people experience smells online by_A . using “iSmell deviceB . ordering foodC . buying special softwareD . changing chemicals（3）What does “iSmell” do after being started by the onscreen image？A . It reads the smell code and sends it to the user.B . It blows the smell to the user with the help of a fanC . It rechanges the signal and lets go of the correct smellD . It changes the chemical composition into digital signals（4）The best title of the passage probably is“_”A . Some Useful DevicesB . The Internet Fever.of PeopleC . An Unusual CompanyD . A New World of SMells Online7. （8分） The city of Yangzhou came into being at the Spring and Autumn Period ( about 500 AC ).As the key transportation link at joint place of the Great Canal（运河）( Beijing-Hangzhou) and Changjiang (Yangtze River), Yangzhou has been from the Sui Dynasty (600 AD.) an economically rich city, and then reached its top in the Tang Dynasty. At that time Yangzhou was a famous port and one of few biggest cities in East Asia.With the improvement of the local economy and easy transportation way, there happened in the history a special local culture, which has an important place in Chinese culture. Many famous men of letters, poets, artists, scholars(学者), statesmen, scientists and national heroes in the history were born in, lived in or had connection with Yangzhou. Li Bai, one of the greatest Chinese poets visited and stayed in Yangzhou several times in his life and one of his famous poems about Yangzhou has been so popular that Chinese of all ages can sing it and has become a symbol of Yangzhou . Zheng Banqiao, a famous Chinese painting painter in the Qing Dynasty heading a group called “Eight Eccentrics”, had strongly influenced Chinese paintings. Wang Zhong and Yuan Yuan and some other scholars formed school of Yangzhou Scholars and achieved great success in the study of classic Chinese and writing. Zhu Ziqing, one of most famous modern Chinese writers and scholars, had always been proud of himself as a native of Yangzhou and thanked the city for being nourished(养育) by its rich culture. Quite a few other names you may come across frequently in the study of Chinese culture and history have connection with Yangzhou.Yangzhou was so attractive and important that many Chinese emperors in history had come specially to visit or check the city. Emperor Suiyang, who ordered to cut the Great Canal so that he could come more easily and quickly, died on his last trip to the city and buried(埋葬) here. Emperor Qianlong had come all the way from the north and visited the city nine times.（1）Which of following sentences is NOT right according to this passage?A . Yangzhou joined the Great Canal (Beijing-Hangzhou) and Changjiang (Yangtze River).B . In the Tang Dynasty Yangzhou was a famous port and one of few biggest cities in Asia.C . Emperor Suiyang was buried in Yangzhou.D . Emperor Qianlong visited Yangzhou nine times.（2）We can infer（推断）the poem mentioned in this passage by Li Bai is _.A . 赠汪伦B . 望庐山瀑布C . 静夜思D . 黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵（3）Who influenced Chinese paintings a lot according to this passage?A . Zheng BanqiaoB . Zhu ZiqingC . Wang ZhongD . Li Bai（4）Whats the best title of the passage?A . Yangzhou：An Economically Rich CityB . Yangzhou：An Easy Transportation CityC . Yangzhou：A Historical Culture CityD . Yangzhou：A Famous Tour City8. （8分）阅读理解The First Robotics Competition (FRC) was held in Shenzhen. A total of 35 high-school student teams from China, the United Kingdom, Turkey, Poland and other countries joined the two-day contest with their hand-crafted robots.The FRC is a world-class robotics competition that was first launched in the United States in 1989. It encourages students to improve their hands-on skills and creative capabilities.There are strict rules, limited resources and an intense six-week time limit before the competition. Teams of student should raise money, design a team brand and improve their teamwork skills, as well as build industrial-size robots to compete. The rules of the game include two groups, and each group has three teams. The group with the highest score wins the game.The seven teams who won the top prizes in the FRC Shenzhen Regional will take part in the First Championship to be held in the United States next month.Yin Shifei, secretary general, said the competition not only enables students to improve their programming, decision-making and problem-solving skills, but also encourages them to cooperate and share with other peopleAccording to Yin, a Shenzhen team invited over 40 left-behind children to the city to watch the FRC game because they wanted to make education more equitable. And the left-behind children can get fair education. These childrens parents are migrant workers in Shenzhen, but they are left behind i their hometowns.Shenzhen became the first city to host an FRC region in Asia last year, and another regional contest will be held in Shanghai this year.（1）From the passage, we can know _. A . primary-sc