泛读教程unit4work.ppt

Unit4WhyPeopleWork i i Lead in Whydopeoplework apartfromearningaliving Lead in FamousSayings Workisthegrandcureforallthemaladiesandmiseriesthateverbesetmankind ThoasCarlyle Britishhistorian 工作是良药 能医治一切困扰人的疾苦 英国历史学家卡莱尔 T 2 Workbanishesthosethreegreatevils boredom vice andpoverty Voltaire FrenchPhilosopher 工作撵跑三个魔鬼 无聊 堕落和贫穷 法国哲学家伏尔泰 3 ToyouthIhavethreewordsofcounsel work workandwork OttoBtismarck Gremanstatesman 对于青年 我的忠告只有三个词 工作 工作 工作 德国政治家俾斯麦 O Lead in 4 Idonotlikework nomandoes butIlikewhatisinthework thechancetofindyourself ConradJoseph Britishnovelist 我不喜欢工作 没有人会喜欢工作 但是我喜欢在所从事的工作中 找到发现自己的机会 英国小说家约瑟夫 C 5 Oneofthesymptomsofapproachingnervousbreakdownisthebeliefthatone s workisterriblyimportant andthattotakeaholidaywouldbringallkindsofdisaster IfIwereamedicalman Ishouldprecribeaholidaytomanypatientwhoconsiceredhisworkimportant BernardRussell Britishphilosopher 神经即将崩溃的症状之一是相信自己的工作极端重要 休假将会带来种种灾难 如果我是医生 我给这样的病人开的药方是 休假 英国哲学家罗素 B 6 Todogreatworkamanmustbeveryidleaswellasveryindustrious SamuelBubler Americaneducator 要从事伟大的工作 一个人必须既非常勤劳又非常空闲 美国教育家勃特勒 S Lead in WorktoLive OR LivetoWork Wordpretest 1 Therewasasmileofcontentmentontheteacher sfacewhenhesawthestudents performanceinthespeechcontest A Irony theexpressionofone smeaningbyusinglanguagethatnormallysignifiestheopposite typicallyforhumorousoremphaticeffect反话 讽刺B confusion uncertaintyaboutwhatishappening intended orrequired不确定 疑惑C satisfaction fulfilmentofone swishes expectations orneeds orthepleasurederivedfromthis满意 满足contentment noun astateofhappinessandsatisfaction满意 满足 Wordpretest 2 Hegraduallyaccumulatedalargenumberofbooks A collected adjective ofaperson notperturbedordistracted 人 镇静的 泰然自若的B appreciated appreciable pri b l adjective largeorimportantenoughtobenoticed大得 或重要得 可察觉到的 相当可观的C wroteAccumulated gathertogetheroracquireanincreasingnumberorquantityof聚集 积累 Wordpretest 3 Manyphilosophersspendmuchoftheirtimeincontemplation A debating debate argueabout asubject especiallyinaformalmanner争论 讨论B thinkingC writingContemplation noun theactionoflookingthoughtfullyatsomethingforalongtime注视 凝视 Wordpretest 4 Anursehasmanydutiestofulfillincaringforthesick A provide verb makeavailableforuse supply提供 供应 供给B carryout Ifyoucarryoutathreat task orinstruction youdoitoractaccordingtoit 实行C develop verb groworcausetogrowandbecomemoremature advanced orelaborate 使 成长 发育 发展Fulfill verb bringtocompletionorreality achieveorrealize somethingdesired promised orpredicted 完成 使应验 实现 愿望 诺言 预言 Wordpretest 5 Therewasnocompulsiononhimtogowithher Hecouldstayathomeifheliked A requirementB suggestionC force noun strengthorenergyasanattributeofphysicalactionormovement力 力量compulsion noun theactionorstateofforcingorbeingforcedtodosomething constraint 被 强迫 被 强制 Wordpretest 6 Hehasbeenexertingpressureonmetochangemymind A puttingB addingC lifting v raisetoahigherpositionorlevel抬起 举起Exert verb applyorbringtobear aforce influence orquality 运用 力 施加 影响 发挥 品质 E g themoonexertsaforceontheEarth月球对地球施加作用力exertinginfluenceoverthenextgeneration对下一代施加影响 Wordpretest 7 Thetiredoldmancravedforwaterandsleep A desiredB askedC begged beg verb asksomeoneearnestlyorhumblyforsomething恳求某人给予 Crave verb feelapowerfuldesirefor something 渴望 热望 Wordpretest 8 Eachpersonhashisuniquefingerprints A interestingB onlyC specialUnique adjective beingtheonlyoneofitskind unlikeanythingelse独一无二的 独特的 Wordpretest 9 Doyouthinkthatthesehigher than averagetemperaturesareattributabletoglobalwarming A responsibleforB relatedtoC causedbyAttribute verb regardsomethingasbeingcausedby把 归因于 把 归咎于E g heattributedthefirm ssuccesstotheeffortsofthemanagingdirector他把公司的成就归功于总经理的努力 Wordpretest 10 Vitaminsshouldnotbeusedasasubstituteforahealthydiet A medicine B ingredient noun anyofthefoodsorsubstancesthatarecombinedtomakeaparticulardish配料 原料C replacement n theactionorprocessofreplacingsomeoneorsomething替代 更换 复位substitute n apersonorthingactingorservinginplaceofanother代替物 v useoraddinplaceof用 代替E g Ifoundsomeonetosubstituteforme我找到了一个人接替我Customsofficerssubstitutedthedrugswithanothersubstance海关官员用另外一种东西替换了毒品 Text1WhyPeopleWork Globalreading 1 SkimthetextandfindoutthemainideaWorkcontributesalottohumansatisfation 2 Scanthepassageandanswerthemultiplechoicequestionsonpage54 Answer CAACCBBB Text1AHistoryofMusicinAmerica Globalreading 3 Structureofthetextp 1 2 Introduction workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous p 3 6 whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction p 6 transitionp 7 8 Workcanrealizeone spotential whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening p 9 12 whyshouldworkbesuchasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction p 13 Conclusion PARTONE Mainidea p 1 2 Introduction workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous PARTONE Whatcanjobsandworkprovideforpeople LanguagePoints Iftherewere infact somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare L1 实际上 如果能够计算出人类社会主要的风俗制度对人们获得的满足所作的贡献 那我想工作制度的贡献会比意料中大 LanguagePoints addup adding added adds PHRASALVERBIfyouaddupnumbersoramounts orifyouaddthemup youcalculatetheirtotal 把 加起来E g Addupthetotalofthosesixgames 把那 场比赛的总分加起来 Wejustaddedallthenumbersupanddividedonebytheother 我们只是把所有的数加起来 然后用一个除以另一个 LanguagePoints institution nst tju n CET4TEM4N COUNT N IN NAMESAninstitutionisalargeimportantorganizationsuchasauniversity church orbank 机构E g financialinstitutions 金融机构 LanguagePoints Iftherewere infact somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare L1 实际上 如果能够计算出人类社会主要的风俗制度对人们获得的满足所作的贡献 那我想工作制度的贡献会比意料中大 LanguagePoints intangible n t nd b l thatcannotbeclearlyordefinitelyunderstoodorgrasped indefinable难以捉摸的 难以理解的 无法确定的 E g Theoldbuildinghadanintangibleairofsadnessaboutit 那座古老建筑物周围笼罩着说不出的凄凉气氛 他们俩的感情说不清道不明 Theirrelationshipisquiteintangible LanguagePoints Well being N UNCOUNTSomeone swell beingistheirhealthandhappiness 健康快乐E g Singingcancreateasenseofwell being 唱歌能产生一种幸福感 LanguagePoints 分析 这是一个主从复合句 towhichworkprovidesthemoreintangible butmorecrucial psychologicalwell being是extent的定语从句 thatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandanemptylife是psychologicalwell being的定语从句 intangible crucial和psychological这三个形容词很容易被误认为是平行结构 事实上 intangible crucial是修饰psychologicalwell being的 翻译本句不能用直译 例如extent就不能直接译出来 故采用意译为主 PARTTWO Mainidea p 3 5whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction Historicalreasons a theGreeksb TheMiddleAges Whyisitasurprisetolearnthatworkhaspositivecontributiontotheindividual shappiness CulturalNotes Plato 427 347BC anancientGreekphilosopher whohadaverygreatinfluenceonEuropeanphilosophy Heexplainedhisideasintheformofwrittenconversations HisteacherwasSocrates andafterSocrates deathheestablishedaschoolcalledtheAcademy whereAristotlewasoneofhisstudents HismostfamousworkisTheRepublic abouttheperfectstateandformofgovernment LanguagePoints Restrict r str kt V TIfyourestrictsomethingtoaparticulargroup onlythatgroupcandoitorhaveit Ifyourestrictsomethingtoaparticularplace itisallowedonlyinthatplace 限定E g Trusteeshaddecidedtorestrictuniversityentrytoabout30percentofapplicants 董事们已经决定把大学入学率限定在申请人数的30 左右 accumulate kju mj le t CET4TEM4 accumulating accumulated accumulates graduallygetorgathertogetheranincreasingnumberorquantityof sth get sth inthisway积累 聚积 某物 聚集而成 某事物 E g accumulateenoughevidencetoensurehisconviction搜集足够的证据以给他定罪Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune 她由於投资精明而积蓄了一笔财产 compulsion k m p l n n todosth U compellingorbeingcompelled强迫 强制 被迫 Irefusetoactundercompulsion 我决不能让人逼着做事 C urge esptobehaveinanirrationalway thatonecannotresist 不能克制的 欲望 冲动 要求 尤指不合情理的行为 acompulsiontodestroythings毁物欲 PARTTHREE Mainidea p 7 8 Workcanrealizeone spotential whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening Whydoinstitutionsdealingwithmentalhealthproblemsestablishworkshop Whataretheeffectsoftheabsenceofwork LanguagePoints renew r nju CET4TEM4 renewing renewed renews 1 V TIfyourenewanactivity youbeginitagain 重新开始E g HerenewedhisattackongovernmentpolicytowardEurope 他重新开始抨击政府的欧洲政策 2 V TYoucansaythatsomethingisrenewedwhenitgrowsagainorisreplacedafterithasbeendestroyedorlost 获得新生 遭毁坏或损失后 再生E g Nature srepairprocessisslowandsteady withcellsbeingconstantlyrenewed 自然的修复过程缓慢而稳定 在此过程中细胞不断再生 LanguagePoints acute kju t CET4TEM41 ADJYoucanuseacutetoindicatethatanundesirablesituationorfeelingisverysevereorintense 严峻的E g Thewarhasaggravatedanacuteeconomiccrisis 这场战争加剧了一场严峻的经济危机 Thereporthascausedacuteembarrassmenttothegovernment 这份报告使政府极其尴尬 PARTFOUR Mainidea p 9 12 Asenseofaccomplishmentinworkisasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction Whatcanwealthypeoplegetfromtheirwork Accordingtothepassage whatcanenrichourpersonalityandmakeuseofourselves stimulate st mj le t CET4TEM4 stimulating stimulated stimulates 1 V TTostimulatesomethingmeanstoencourageittobeginordevelopfurther 鼓励 刺激E G America spriorityisrightlytostimulateitseconomy 美国的首要任务自然是刺激经济 attributable L52 tr bj t bl adj pred作表语 tosb sththatcanbeattributedtosb sth可归属或归因於某人 某事物 E g IsthispaintingattributabletoMichelangelo 这幅画是米开朗琪罗画的吗 attribute tr bj t v Tn pr sthtosb sthregardsthasbelongingto causedbyorproducedbysb sth归因于 Heattributeshissuccesstothehelpofhiswife 他认为能成功是由於他老婆的帮助 PARTFIVE p 13 Conclusion Canwegainanequivalentamountofprideandfulfillmentifwedonotwork Why Itisprobablynotmuchmoresensibletoaskthequestionaboutworkingtoliveandlivingtoworkthanitistoplaythe live to eatoreat to live theme L56 问有关为活而工作和为工作而活的问题跟讨论 为吃而生存或为生存而吃 的主题相比 高明不到哪去 Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading Readingcomprehension Answer CAACCBBB Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading Useofenglish Gooff 1 PHRASALVERBIfanexplosivedeviceoragungoesoff itexplodesorfires 炸弹 爆炸 枪 开击2 PHRASALVERBIfanalarmbellgoesoff itmakesasuddenloudnoise 警报器 突发巨响3 PHRASALVERBIfanelectricaldevicegoesoff itstopsoperating 电气设备 停止运作 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish Goover PHRASALVERBIfyougooveradocument incident orproblem youexamine discuss orthinkaboutitverycarefully 仔细检查e g Iwon tknowhowsuccessfulitisuntilanaccountanthasgoneoverthebooks 我要等到会计仔细查看了账目后才会知道盈利状况如何 Gobackon HRASALVERBIfyougobackonapromiseoragreement youdonotdowhatyoupromisedoragreedtodo 背离 诺言 协议等 e g Thebudgetcrisishasforcedthepresidenttogobackonhisword 预算危机已迫使该总统背离了自己的承诺 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish Goround 四处走动 供应 消息 流传Gooutofbusiness 停止经商 歇业 生意失败Gofrombadtoworse 处境 行为 病情等 越来越坏 越来越糟 每况愈下 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish 1 BythetimeIopenedthecanitscontentshadgoneoff 2 I llgooverhowitworksbeforeyoutryityourself 3 Iwastoldthatitwouldberepairedfreeofcharge butthemanintheshophasgonebackonhispromise 4 Thebookwassopopularthatthereweren tenoughcopiestogoaround 5 Hisshophasgoneoutofbusinessaftermakingheavylosses 6 Tradehasgonefrombadtoworseandstaffarebeinglaidoff Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading STEMS BADAAC Unit4Work SectionB ACBFTFACDBCBTFT Unit4Work SectionC FTFTFTFTFT Thankyou