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7B Unit 7 知识点梳理（上）知识点梳理 一词汇&短语：WORDS&PHRASES1.Believe it or not！信不信由你！believe it or not意为“信不信由你”，是由whether you believe it or not变化而来，通常置于句首，后面加逗号，再接主句。我居然收到了谢娜的来信，信不信由你！ Believe it or not，I heard from Xie Na.信不信由你，我现在想家了。 Believe it or not，I am feeling homesick now.2.Look out，Eddie！埃迪，当心！look out意为“留神，当心，小心”，多用于口语中，用来提醒人们注意当前的危险状态或不安全的场所及事物等。当心！车来了。 Look out！The car is ing.当心！水太深了。 Look out！The water is too deep.辨析：look out，take care与be careful三者均有“小心，当心，注意”之意，常用于祈使句或警告对方时的用语中。（1） look out语气最强，用于某种紧急的情况或者可能出现危险的场合，特别是当你已经看到有事发生，比如车要撞过来了，情况紧急，你可以大喊：Look out!Look out for the rock in the river.当心河里的石头。Look out！Youll hit that car.当心！你要撞上那辆汽车了。（2） take care语气不那么强，多用于对可能出现的不测作出预测的提醒或警告；take care后还可接动词不定式（短语）或that从句，从句谓语动词用一般现在时。Take care not to break the glass.小心别打碎了杯子。Take care（that）all the doors are locked.不要大意，要把所有的门锁好。（3） be careful是一般的警告或劝告用语，通常是对未知的事情预先提醒或者表示关心。既可单独使用，也可跟动词不定式或者of/with短语。Be careful not to lose the key.当心不要丢了钥匙。That man behind us might be a thief.Be careful with your bag.我们后面的那个男孩的可能是个小偷。小心你的包。3.People have different abilities.人们有不同的能力。ability此处用作可数名词，意为“能力”，其复数形式是abilities，形容词形式为able，意为“有能力的”。（1） 表示抽象意义的“能力”，为不可数名词。他是一位有能力的人。 He is a man of ability.（2） 表示不同种类的能力时，为可数名词，可用复数形式。不同的人有不同的能力。 Different people have different abilities.（3） 侧重指智慧、天资、天分等方面的意义时，可数或不可数均可，有时还可用复数形式。这个女孩很有音乐天分。 The girl has a great musical ability.大家都敬佩他的才能。 Everyone admired his abilities.（4） 表示有能力做某事或具有做某事的能力等，其后通常要接动词不定式。我认为Kitty有当班长的能力。 I think Kitty has the ability to be our monitor.4.We can send some to them.我们可以寄一些给他们。send及物动词，意为“邮寄，派送”。send sth. to sb.意为“把某物寄给某人”，相当于send sb. sth.，但是当send后表示物的词或者是代词时，只能用send sth. to sb.形式，而不能用send sb.sth.形式。他们寄给我一箱子玩具。 They sent me a box of toys=They sent a box of toys to me. 她给我寄了一张圣诞卡片。 She sent me a Christmas card.【拓展】send for派人去叫；派人去请他病了，请派人去请个医生吧。 He is ill.Please send for a doctor.send away撵走，开除老板把他开除了。 The boss sent him away.send up发射许多国家已向太空发射了人造卫星。 Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 5.Some families are not even able to pay for pens and notebooks.一些家庭甚至付不起钢笔和笔记本的费用。（1） be able to意为“能，会”，表示能力，与can同义。将来，学生将能够在电脑的帮助下在家学习。 In the future，students will be able to study at home with the help of puters.他不能爬过那堵墙。 He isnt able to climb over the wall.辨析：be able to与canbe able to强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。She can sing the song in English.她会用英语唱这首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English，too.他也将会用英语唱这首歌。be able to强调一种结果，而can只强调一种可能。Luckily，he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.幸运的是，他终于逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier，I could save him.要是他早几个小时来这儿，我还能救他。be able to可以有各种时态；而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。I could help you last night，but you didnt e.昨天晚上我能帮你，而你却没有来。Can you see it there？你能看见它在哪儿吗？He is/was/will be able to help you.他能帮你的忙。（2） pay for意为“为.付款”，在句中常见的结构形式有：pay（sb.）money for sth.付钱（给某人）买某物我每个月必须付给他们20英镑的房租。 I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.pay for sth.付某物的钱那个时候他还付不起这辆小汽车的钱。 He couldnt pay for the car at that time.pay for sb.替某人付钱别担心！我会给你付钱的。 Dont worry！Ill pay for you.pay sb.付钱给某人他们每个月给我们报酬。 They pay us every month.pay money back还钱你能借给我12元钱吗？下周还你。 May I borrow 12yuan from you？Ill pay it back next week.6.We can raise some money for them to buy these things.我们可以募集一些钱给他们买这些物品。raise及物动词，意为“募集”。raise money for.意为“为.筹钱”学生们正在为一个生病的女孩捐款。 The students are raising money for a sick girl.【拓展】raise作及物动词时，还可意为“举起，提高，饲养”请举手回答这个问题。 Please raise your hand to answer this question.不要提高嗓门。 Dont raise your voice.在我的家乡，一些人养奶牛。 Some people raise cows in my hometown.7.He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.他很勇敢，从火灾中救出了他的邻居。（1） brave形容词，意为“勇敢的”。他是一个非常勇敢的男孩。 He is a very brave boy.（2） save及物动词，意为“救，救助”。Save.from.意为“从.中救出.”昨天那个人从河里救出了一个小男孩。 The man saved a boy from the river yesterday.【拓展】save做及物动词，还可意为“节约”节约用水对我们来说很重要。 It is very important for us to save water.8.Suddenly，he heard someone shouting“Fire！Fire！Help！”突然，他听见有人在喊“着火了，着火了，救命”hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人在做某事”你听到有人正在隔壁唱歌吗？ Do you hear someone singing in the next room？辨析：hear sb. doing sth.与hear sb. do sthhear sb. doing sth. 指听见某人 正在做某事，强调听到的动作正在进行When I went back to my room，I heard her reading English in the next room.当我回房间时，听到她在隔壁房间读英语。hear sb. do sth指听到某人做了或经常做某事，强调听到所做的事情已经结束或是经常性的行为I hear her e in and go upstairs.我听到她进来并上楼了。I often hear the girl play the violin in the park.我经常听见那个女孩在公园里拉小提琴。 9.He went in and found his neighbour，the 79-year-old Mrs Sun，in the kitchen.他进去，发现了他的邻居79岁的孙夫人在厨房里。79-year-old是一个合成形容词，意为“79岁的”。这种合成形容词通常在句中作前置定语，修饰后面的名词。其结构形式有两种：（1） 数词+名词100-metre race 100米赛跑 five-hour sleep 5个小时的睡眠three-year time 3年的时间 four-hour trip 4个小时的旅行（2） 数词+名词+形容词a five-year-old boy 一个5岁的男孩；an 800-metre-long bridge一座800米长的桥【拓展】以上合成形容词有两大特点需特别注意，一是各个词之间一定要用连字符连接；二是中间的名词要用单数形式。10.Her left leg was badly hurt and she could not get out.她的左腿伤得很重，不能出去了。hurt此处用作形容词，意为“受伤的”如果你受伤了，你应该去医院。 If you get hurt，you should go to the hospital.【拓展】hurt及物动词，意为“使受伤，伤害”我不会伤害你。 I wont hurt you.hurt不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）感到疼痛”我的背痛。 My back hurts.11.He poured water over his cloths to protect himself.为了保护自己，他往他的衣服上倒了些水。to protect himself在这里是不定式短语作目的状语。动词不定式（短语）作目的状语时，既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，常意为“为了.”为了保持健康，我爸爸不得不戒烟。 To keep fit，my father has to give up smoking.12.He put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out.他用一块湿毛毯裹住孙夫人，并帮助她脱离了危险。help sb. out意为“帮某人克服困难、解决问题、脱离危险”那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。 The teacher often helps his students out.你能帮我克服困难吗？ Could you help me out？13.Later some firemen came and put out the fire.后来一些消防员赶来扑灭了火。put out及物动词短语，意为“扑灭；熄灭”。当它的宾语是名词时，可以放在其后，也可以放在put与out之间；当宾语为代词时，只能放在put与out之间。最后，警察把森林大火扑灭了。 The police put out the forest fire at last.=The police put the forest fire out at last.不要在这里吸烟，请将它熄灭。 Dont smoke here.Please put it out. 14.He was in hospital for two weeks.他住了两个星期的院。in hospital是一个固定短语，意为“住院”我的叔叔住院了，我必须去看望他。 My uncle is in hospital and I must visit him.【拓展】in hospital与in the hospital的意思不大相同。in hospital意为“住院”，而in the hospital意为“在医院里”，可能是到医院工作，也可能是在医院里看望病人或者其他什么事情，由于有了定冠词the的限制，the hospital成为了一个具体指某个地点的名词。在英语学习中，我们常会碰到一些诸如in hospital与in the hospital之类的短语，两者虽然只有一词之差，但含义却有很大差别。at table在吃饭，在用餐at the table在桌旁in front of在.（外部）的前面 in the front of在.（内部）的前面 go to school去上学go to the school去学校by sea乘船by the sea在海边in office执政in the office在办公室go to bed上床睡觉go to the bed朝床边走去1. （xx安徽）Im surprised to hear from her. ，we last met ten years ago.A. On one hand B.That is to say C.Believe it or not D.In other words2. （xx江苏苏州）The bag was very good，and she 30 percent down for it.A. paid B.cost C.bought D.spent3. （xx山东烟台）他们正在组织一场才艺表演为慈善事业筹款。Theyre organizing a talent show to for charity.4. （xx江苏泰州）-Its of Yang Xiangming to save the boy who fell into the river.-Yes.He is a great man of our times.A. patient B.energetic C.brave D.confident5. （xx宿迁）Zhang Sen was a brave young man.He （救）a young lady from a river several months ago.6. （xx黑龙江）When I was walking past his room yesterday evening，I heard him piano.A. playing B.to play the C.playing the D.play the7. （xx黑龙江绥化）She is a girl with two big eyes.A. six-years-old B.six-year-old C.six years old D.six year old8. （xx湖北十堰）How kind you are！You always do what you can others.A. help B.helping C.helps D.to help9. （连云港）-Excuse me，Sir.But smoking is not allowed here.-Sorry,I didnt see the sign.Ill my cigarette at once.A. put out B.put away C.put up D.put off答案：1.C 2.A 3.raise money 4.C 5.saved 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A课堂测验一、根据句意和汉语提示，写出句子中所缺的单词。(5分) 1. when he saw a lot of _ ( 烟雾 )going up from the house, he came for help. fog2. No one was seriously _ ( 使受伤 ) in the traffic accident . hurt 3. we think Lin Tao is a _ (勇敢的) young man . brave 4. The ground is _ (湿的).you should be carefully when you ride your bike home . wet 5. The teacher _ (点头) to tell us that she was very happy about our work . nodded 二、根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。(5分)1. My leg are _ (bad) hurt .so I cant walk to the park with you today . badly 2. what does your father do ? He is a _ (report).he is good at writing for the newspaper . reporter 3.what does your teacher say to us ?The teacher tell us not to play with _ (match ) in the room. matches 4.my sister was _ (care )and she failed in the English exam. careless5.Daniel with his friends _ (do ) well in English . does 归纳总结 课后作业 三、同义句转换(10分)1. Mrs Sun lives alone in the old houses . Mrs Sun lives _ _ in the old houses .2. The young man had to use a blanket to put out the fire . The young man had to _ _ _ _ with a blanket .3. Many people bought flowers and presents for Lin Tao . Many people _ _ _ _ and presents.4. My cousin David is in the School puter Club. My cousin David is _ _ _ the School puter Club.5. Miss Green is a very beautiful girl . _ _ _ _ Miss Green is.1. by himself 2.put out the fire 3 .bought Lin Tao flowers 4.a member of 5.what a brave girl 四、阅读理解(10分)Dear Mr Zhang,Thank you for your letter about the Youth Award. I would like to remend Tao Lei for this years Youth Award.Tao Lei is a helpful boy. He often helps teachers do many things after class. He is good at swimming. Sometimes he teaches other students to swim. He is also a member of the Helping Hands Club and he spends a lot of time helping others.Tao Lei is very careful and he works very hard. He does well in every subject(科目). Every student in the class likes him very much.He is very kind and brave. Last month, when he was on his way home, a boy fell into a river and cried for help. He jumped into the river quickly ,and did his best to save the boy. At last he succeeded(成功).My classmates and I will be very happy if Tao Lei can have the award. We look forward to hearing from you soon.Wang Wei( )1. Who can decide if(是否) Tao Lei can have the Youth Award?A. Mr Zhang.B. Wang Wei.C. Tao Lei himself.D. All the teachers.( )2. What does Tao Lei often teach other students to do?A. Dance.B. Read.C. Swim.D. Play football.( )3. Wang Wei may be Tao Leis.A. brotherB. classmateC. sisterD. student( )4. Which isnt about Tao Lei?A. Careful.B. Kind.C. Brave.D. Dangerous.( )5. What did Tao Lei do on his way home one day last month?A. He met a boyB. He cried for help.C. He saved a girl.D. He saved a boy. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D
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