高考英语语法之状语从句(陷阱题型)语法分析.pptx

状语从句 时间 地点 原因 条件 方式 让步 目的 结果 比较 时间状语从句 when while as after before since until once assoonas theminute moment hardly when nosooner that 地点状语从句 where wherever 原因状语从句 because as since for nowthat 条件状语从句 if unless as solongas onconditionthat 方式状语从句 as justas asif 让步状语从句 though although evenif though as however whatever nomatter whether or 目的状语从句 that sothat inorderthat lest 免得 结果状语从句 sothat so that such that 比较状语从句 as as notso as as more than less than the 比较级 the 比较级 MayIgoandplaywithDickthisafternoon Mum No youcan tgoout yourworkisbeingdone A beforeB untilC asD themoment C 句中的yourworkisbeingdone表明 你正在做作业 选as表原因 2 I mgoingtothepostoffice you rethere canyougetmesomestamps A AsB WhileC BecauseD If B 尽管as和while均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句 表示 当 的时候 但两者有一个重要区别 就是这样用的as从句的谓语不能是状态动词 1 youareathomealone pleasedon tleavethedooropen A WhileB AsC BeforeD How 2 youarealonewithher tellherthatyoulikeher A WhileB AsC AfterD How AA 3 Afterthewar anewschoolbuildingwasputup therehadoncebeenatheatre A thatB whenC whichD where D 1 Thefamousscientistgrewup hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai A whenB wheneverC whereD wherever 2 Shefoundhercalculator shelostit A whereB whileC inwhichD that 3 Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings youcanfindthemagain A whenB whereC thenD which 4 Whenyoureadthebook you dbettermakeamark youhaveanyquestions A atwhichB atwhereC theplacewhereD where 5 Youshouldletyourchildrenplay youcanseethem A whereB whenC inwhichD that CABDA 4 Theykepttrying theymusthaveknownitwashopeless A ifB becauseC whenD where C when在此的意思不是 当 的时候 而是 尽管 虽然 的意思 Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi 尽管他可以坐出租车 但他却走路 Hestoppedtryingwhenhemighthavesucceedednexttime 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了 但他却停止努力了 Theboywasrestlesswhenheshouldhavelistenedtotheteachercarefully 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的 但他却坐立不安 1 Whydoyouwantanewjob you vegotsuchagoodonealready A thatB whereC whichD when when表示 当 的时候 而不知道它还有其他许多意思 除上面提到的表示 尽管 虽然 外 when还可表示 既然 考虑到 D 5 Hewasabouttotellmethesecret someonepattedhimontheshoulder A asB untilC whenD while C when意为 这时 突然 主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时 此时的when可以连用副词suddenly 也可以不连用它 但值得注意的是 不能单独用suddenly来代替when 1 Iwasabouttogoout thetelephonerang A whenB suddenlyC assoonasD directly 2 Wewereswimminginthelake thestormstarted A whenB suddenlyC untilD before 3 Shewaswalkingdowntheroad sheheardsomeoneshoutingforhelp A whenB suddenlyC untilD before AAA 6 Thefirewentonforquitesometime itwasbroughtundercontrol A whenB sinceC afterD before before意为 在 之前 句意是 大火在得到控制之前燃烧了相当一段时间 D 1 Hemadeamistake butthenhecorrectedthesituation itgotworse A untilB whenC beforeD as 2 Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight buttheyhungup Icouldanswerthephone A asB sinceC untilD before 3 Sheisgettingbetterbydegrees butitwillbesometime sheiscompletelywell A thatB sinceC whenD before 4 Theysatdownoppositeeachother butitwassomemoments theyspoke A afterB beforeC sinceD when CDDB 7 Motheraskedmetotakemoremoney somethingunexpectedshouldhappen A incaseB sothatC inorderthatD when A incase起连词作用 用以引导状语从句 主要有两种意思 一是表示条件 意为 如果 万一 二是表示 目的 意为 以防 免得 1 Iforget pleaseremindmeaboutit A IncaseB SothatC InorderthatD When 2 Takeyourumbrellajust itrains A incaseB sothatC inorderthatD when 3 Bequiet youshouldwakethebaby A incaseB sothatC inorderthatD when 4 Takeahatwithyouincasethesunisveryhot A incaseB sothatC inorderthatD when 5 I llkeephisaddress Ineedit A sothatB inorderthatC incaseD when AAAAC 8 yourcompositioncarefully somespellingmistakescanbeavoided A HavingcheckedB CheckC IfyoucheckD Tocheck C 选项A和D均为非谓语动词 根据英语语法习惯 非谓语动词作状语时 其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致 而此句的somespellingmistakes显然不能用作havingchecked或tocheck的逻辑主语 故不能选为答案 若选B 则两个句子之间缺少必要的连词 也不对 1 morecareful theworkmighthavebeendonebetter A BeingB HavingbeenC IfyouhadbeenD Tohavebeen 2 yourdiet itiseasytoreduce A WatchingB TobewatchingC IfyouwatchD Tohavewatched 3 apairofcompasses itiseasytodescribeacircle A HavingB TohavehadC IfyouhaveD ifhaving 4 forsomething areceiptisgiventoyou A PayingB HavingpaidC WhenyouhavepaidD Tobepaying 5 thesunrisingslowlyintheeast thesceneisaperfectdream A SeeingB TobeseeingC WhenyouseeD Havingseen CCCCC 9 ShallMarycomeandplaycomputergames No shehasfinishedherhomework A whenB sinceC unlessD assoonas C 此句为省略句 答句句首的No表明其后省略的是一个否定句 全句补充完整为 Shecan tplaycomputergamesunlessshehasfinishedherhomework 1 Wouldyoumindmysittingherewithyou No youaren ttoonoisy A whenB ifC unlessD assoonas 2 Willheagreetocometojoinusinthework No wepromisehimmoremoney A whenB unlessC unlessD assoonas 3 Canyoufinishtheworkintime No wedon tsleepthroughoutthenight A whenB unlessC unlessD assoonas BBB 10 Whendidheleavetheclassroom Heleft youturnedbacktowriteontheblackboard A thetimeB themomentC untilD since B themoment用作连词 意为 一 就 相当于assoonas 类似地 theminute theinstant也可用作连词 表示 一 就 的意思 1 DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher Yes Igaveittoher Isawher A whileB themomentC suddenlyD until 2 Thedoorkeepergavethealarm hesawthesmoke A whileB theinstantC suddenlyD before 3 Iraisedthealarm Isawthesmoke A whileB theminuteC suddenlyD since BBB 状语从句几种句法关系的辨析 一 看结构 辩主从关系一定要注意主句和状语从句的结构完整 只有具备 主句 主语 谓语 从句 连接词 主语 谓语 这样的结构 句子才能成立 从句谓语主句之前时 常用逗号分开 从句位于主句之后时 一般不用逗号 二 看动词 辨时态呼应注意主句与从句在动词时态运用时的呼应关系 在时间状语从句中 通常用一般现在时表示将来 Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher 先做学生 再做老师 I lltellheraboutthatwhenIseeher 我见到她时会把这件事告诉她的 We llwaituntilthedoctorcomes 我们要一直等到医生来 在hardly when nosooner that结构中 hardly when nosooner that引导的句子一定要用过去完成时 Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthatthetelephonerang Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenthetelephonerang 三 看内涵 辨连接词用法When while as均可表示 当 时 但是三者亦有不同 IwillcallonyouwhenIamfreenextweek 下周我有空时就过来拜访你 用when时 从句和主句的动作可同时发生亦可先后发生 Aswewerereadingthenewspaper MrLicamein 我们正在看报纸时 李先生走了进来 用as和while时 强调从句与主句的动作同时发生 从句和谓语常用进行时态 表示 随着 正当 一边 一边 As作从属连词时 可引导时间 原因 让步 方式等状语从句Ashewasstandingthere hesuddenlyheardacryfrombehind 他站在那里时 忽然听见后面传来叫喊声 时间状语 Ashewasill hecouldn twalkon 他病了 无法往前走 原因状语 Youmustdoasyouaretold 你必须按吩咐的去做 方式状语 Busyasheis heoftenhelpsme 尽管他很忙 但他经常帮助我 让步状语 五 看主句 辨结构省略不少比较状语从句在置于主句之后时 常省略与主句相同的成分 特别是notso as as the 比较级 the 比较级 as as 等比较结构Theairatsealevelisdenserthanonahighmountain 海平面空气的密度大于高山上空气的密度 TheclimateinGuangzhouiswarmerthaninBeijing 广州的气候比北京的气候暖和些