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Module 7 Great books词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. work work作名词，意为“著作，作品”，常用复数形式。例如： I like to read his works. 我喜欢读他的著作。【拓展】 （1）作名词，意为“工作”，为不可数名词。例如： I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。 （2）作不及物动词，意为“工作，干活”。例如： All of us should work hard. 我们所有人都应该努力工作。 （3）作不及物动词，意为“（机器、器官等）运转，活动”。例如： My brain doesnt work well today. 我的头脑今天不太灵活。 （4）作不及物动词，意为“起作用，奏效”。例如： The medicine is working, and he feels much better. 这药起作用了，他感觉好多了。2. dead dead是动词die的形容词形式，意为“死的”。die有多个变形词：词条词性词义所作成分用法dead形容词死了的，无生命的表语、定语可以与段时间连用die动词死，死亡谓语不能与段时间连用death名词死亡，去世主语、宾语dying形容词垂死的，即将死去的表语、定语例如： The tree has been dead for ten years. 这棵树死了10年了。 She looked at her dead cat sadly. 她伤心地看着她死去的猫。 My grandpa died two years ago. 我爷爷两年前去世了。 The fish will die without water. 鱼离开水会死去。 Car accidents have caused a lot of deaths. 车祸造成很多人死亡。 The doctors have saved the dying man. 医生们救活了那个垂死的人。3. alivealive常作表语或后置定语，意为“有生命的，活的”。例如：He was alive when they took him to the hospital.人们把他送到医院时他还活着。He is the only person alive in the accident. 他是这次事故中唯一活着的人。【拓展】lively, live与living（1）lively作形容词，“充满活力的，活泼的，有生气的”，常用作定语或表语。例如：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination.她是个充满活力的年轻女性，富有忍耐力和想象力。（2）live作定语，“活的，有生命的（主要用来指鸟或其他动物）；现场的，直播的”。例如：Look! These is a live fish in the pool.看！池子里有一条活鱼。We watched a live television show. 我们观看了一场电视现场直播的表演。（3）living意为“活的，健在的”。例如：His grandpa is still living at the age of 96. 他爷爷96岁了，仍然健在。4. sense（1）sense作“意义”、“意思”解释时，与meaning是同义，是可数名词。例如：The word “make” has many senses. make这个单词有许多意思。（2）作“官能”解时，是可数名词。例如：The five senses are sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. 五种感官是视、听、嗅、味、触。例如：A dog has a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。（3）作“感觉”解时，多用作单数，并与a 连用。例如：When you touch ice, you have a sense of coldness. 当你触摸冰的时候，你有一种寒冷的感觉。（4）可用sense来表示某种“感”，如幽默感、正义感、责任感等，这时在sense前加不定冠词。例如：a sense of justice正义感；a sense of duty 责任感；a sense of humor幽默感；a sense of beauty 美感；a sense of safety 安全感； a sense of friendship 友好感（5）make sense of 意为“理解、弄懂的意思”。例如：Can you make sense of her letter? 你能弄懂这封信的意思吗？5. by the wayby the way意为“顺便说一声”。例如：By the way，have you seen Harry recently？顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？【拓展】和way相关的其他常见短语：（1）in the way有“挡路”的意思，还有“用这种方法”的意思。例如：Sorry, you are in the way. 对不起，你挡路了。In this way，he has collected a great many stamps.用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。（2）on the way 意为“在去某地的路上”。 例如：On the way to the station，I bought some chocolate.在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。（3）in a way意为“从某种意义上说”。例如：Ina way，it is an important book.在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。6. escape （1）escape作不及物动词，其后可接介词from/out of 表示“从漏出/逸出；从逃脱”。 常见用法如下：1）表示从具体的某一场所逃走。 例如： They escaped from the burning house。他们从着火的房子里逃了出来。 2）表示液体或气体等漏出或泄漏。 例如：Some gas is escaping from the pipe. 煤气管在漏气。 3）表示从监禁或管制等状态中逃脱或逃走。例如： A lion has escaped from its cage. 有一只狮子从笼子里逃走了。 （2）escape作及物动词，其后无需接介词from或其它介词。例如：Nothing escaped his attention. 任何东西逃不过他的注意。 He tried to escape punishment. 他设法躲避惩罚。 7. influence （1）influence 作名词，意为“影响作用；有影响的人/物”。既可当可数名词，又可作不可数名词。常用短语have an influence on sb. / sth. 意为“对有影响”。例如： She used her influence with the chairman to get me the job. 她利用对主席的影响使我得到了这份工作。Gayes mother said I had a bad influence on her daughter. 盖伊的母亲说我对她的女儿产生了坏的影响。（2）influence作动词，意为“影响；起作用”。例如： Dont let me influence your decision. 别让我影响你的决定。8. every dayeveryday （1）every day 意为“每天”，是时间状语，可以用在句子的开头，也可以用在句子的结尾表示强调。例如：Do you drink milk every day？你每天都喝牛奶吗？（2）everyday是形容词，它的意思是“每日的，日常的”，它在句子中可以作定语，也可以作表语。例如：Do you often speak everyday English? 你经常说日常英语吗？词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. make sense_ 2. 顺便说一下_ 3. as well _4. for a time _ 5. 嘲笑_ 6. escape from _ 7. 长大 _ 8. 考虑_ 9. get lost_ 10. pay for_II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1. The book is written in e_ English. 2. The newspaper gives a _ (评论) of the new book.3. What is the i_ of television on children?4. A great scholar is not always a very _(睿智的)man.5. Our relationship made me feel more a_.6. Mark Twain is my favourite w_.7. On that cold night they found the cat d_ in the snow.8. The family life in England is s_ to that in Australia.9. Their family moved to a _ (南部的) city because it is warm in winter there.10. Confucius is great t_.III. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。run away; be pleased; punish; grow up; be surprised; get lost1. His parents _ him for stealing money last year.2. The little girl might _. Her parents were looking for her.3. I want to be a doctor when I_.4. The thief stole a bike and _ at once.5. I _ to meet my friends because we havent seen each other for 3 years.6. He _ at the news.IV. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Today lots of man-made satellites _(send) up into space.2. Little hero, Lin Haos name _(remember) by all Chinese people.3. Vegetables, eggs and fruits _(sell) in this shop.4. The flowers _(water) by Lingling every day.5. These kinds of machines _(make) in Shanghai.6. English _(learn) as the second language by most student in China.参考答案I. 英汉互译。 1. 有意义，合理 2. by the way 3. 也 4. 短时间内，一度 5. laugh at 6. 从中逃脱 7. grow up 8. think about 9. 丢失，迷路 10. 为付出代价/付款II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1. everyday 2. review 3. influence 4. wise 5. alive6. writer 7. dead 8. similar 9. southern 10. thinkerIII. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。1. punished 2. got lost 3. grow up 4. ran away 5. am pleased 6. was surprised IV. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. are sent 2. is remembered 3. are sold 4. are watered 5. are made 6. is learned句式精讲1. but I suppose he isnt as well-known as Confucius or Shakespeare. （1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接后面用that从句，that可以省略。例如：I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。（2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。【拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如： You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。（2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。例如： The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。（3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。例如：You are not supposed to talk loudly in class. 你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。（4） be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。 例如：My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。2. I see, well, I think she is a good student as well as a good player. （1）as.as意为“和一样”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv. +as。例如： This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。 其否定式为not as/so +adj./ adv. +as。例如： This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。 若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。例如：Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。 （2）几个关于as.as的常见句型： 1） as.as possible 意为“尽可能”。例如： Please answer my question as soon as possible. 请尽快回答我的问题。 2）as well as 意为“也，又”。例如： She cooks as well as her mother does. 她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。 3）as long as 除了表示“像一样长”，还可以意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句。例如： It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。 You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11 oclock. 你可以出去, 只要你答应在11点以前回来。 4）as far as 意为“直到为止”。例如： He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。 3. Everyone is surprised to see him but theyre also pleased to see him alive. surprised和pleased都是表达情感类的形容词，后接动词时，需要用加to的动词不定式。例如：The actor is excited to hear the long-lasting applause. 听到观众持久的掌声，这个演员很奋。Im very glad to tell you something about places of interest in our country.我很高兴告诉你一些有关我们国家的名胜古迹的事。【拓展】 surprised和surprising的辨析：（1）surprised 是形容词，意为“吃惊的，感到惊讶的”，句子的主语通常是人。例如：Im surprised at the accident. 我对这起事故感到很吃惊。How surprised the students are! 学生们是多么吃惊啊！（2）surprising也是形容词，意为“吃惊的，令人惊讶的”，常修饰物。例如：He told me something surprising. 他告诉我一些令人吃惊的事情。4. Why dont you join in the discussion and tell us about it? Why dont you? / Why not? 意为“为什么不呢？”是常见的提建议的一个句式。例如： Why dont you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？ 【拓展】其他常见的提建议的句式： 几种提建议的方法：（1）直接建议：Lets + 动词原形 例如： Lets help them carry the box. 我们帮他们搬箱子吧。（2）委婉性建议：Shall we + 动词原形？ 例如： Shall we go and play football? 我们去踢足球好吗？（3）责备性建议： Why dont you + 动词原形？/ Why not + 动词原形？ 例如： Why dont you e a little earlier? = Why not e a little earlier? （你）为什么不早点来呢？（4）劝说性建议：Youd better (not) + 动词原形 例如： Youd better stay at home. 你最好待在家里。 Youd better not leave now. 你最好别现在离开。（5）请求性建议：Would you like + 名词/动词不定式 例如： Would you like another mooncake? 你再来一个月饼怎么样？ Would you like to e to my home for dinner tonight? 今晚你愿意来我家吃饭吗？ （6）征求性建议：What/How about + 名词/代词/动词-ing形式？ 例如： What about 5:00 tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午5点怎么样？ How about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样？5. when they see their family and neighbours ing to their funeral in the church.see sb./sth. doing sth. 意为“看到正在做某事”，表示看到的动作正在发生或进行。see sb./sth. do sth. 意为“看见做某事了”，通常是指看到动作的全过程或者强调某事经常发生。例如：例如：I saw Li Ming playing near the river on my way home yesterday.昨天在我回家路上，我看见李明正在河边玩儿。 I often see Li Ming play neat the river on my way home yesterday. 我经常在回家的路上看见李明在河边玩儿。【注意】其他感官动词，如look（看），watch（看，观察），notice（注意到），hear（听见），listen（听）等，也有类似用法，即表示习惯性动作时，后接动词原形作宾补；表示正在进行的动作时，后接-ing形式作宾补。句式精练I. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. The baby stopped crying and listened to music. (改为同义句) The baby _ cry _ _ and listened to music.2. Lucy often gives me a present on my birthday. (改为被动语态) A present _ often _ to me by Lucy on my birthday.3. Jane looks after the cat every day. (改为被动语态) The cat _ _ _ _ Jane every day.4. Children love these pictures. (改为被动语态) These pictures _ _ _ children.5. She is usually seen by us in the morning. (改为主动语态) We usually _ _ in the morning.6. Why dont you go to the zoo with me? (改为同义句) 7. French and English are spoken in Canada. (对划线部分提问) _ _ French and English_? 8. The jacket is made of cotton. (变为否定句) The jacket _ _ of cotton.9. Most of the farm work is done by machine I the USA. (改为一般疑问句) _ most of the farm work _ by machine in the USA?10. Tom passes me a book. （改为被动语态）A book _ _ to me by Tom.I _ _ a book by Tom.II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. 你本应该两点就到的。You _ _ _ _at two oclock.2. 我们仍然受孔子思想的影响。Were still _ _ Confucius thoughts.3. 地球上有数以百万计的生物。 There are _ _ living things on the earth.4. 她决定长大后做一名教师。 She _ _ be a teacher when she _ _.5. 我惊奇地发现，他对这个科目竟一无所知。 I _ _ _ find that he knew nothing about the subject.6. 在学校，做一名新生是不容易的。Its not _ _ _ a new student at school.7. 凯特经常看见吉姆在足球场上踢足球。 Kate often _Jim _ football in the football field8. 那个英雄死于第二次世界大战。 The hero _ _the second world war. 9. 他有一种奇妙的方法，使他的课堂生动有趣。He had a strange way of _ his class _ _ _.10. 我妹妹的卧室不如我的卧室大。 My sisters bedroom _ _ _ _ mine.III. 补全对话。 阅读下面对话，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话（其中有两项是多余的）。A：Dad, we were told to collect some information about Fuzhou Subway. 1 B：Sure. Its reported that Subway Line 1 will have its test run at the end of this year.A：Great! 2 B：It has a total length of 29.2 kilometers.A：How many stations are there?B： 3 And it connects four main areas of the city from the north to the south.A：Then how about the ticket price?B：Well, it still remains unknown. 4 A：Hope not. 5 A. How long is it?B. When will it be put into use?C. It covers 24 stations.D. But I hope the ticket wont be expensive.E. Would you please tell me something about it?F. Does it cover many stations?G. Im looking forward to taking the subway to school!参考答案I. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. didnt; any more 2. is; given 3. is looked after by 4. are loved by 5. see her6. Why not go to the zoo with me? 7. Where are, spoken 8. isnt made 9. Is, done10. is passed, am passedII. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。1. were supposed to arrive 2. influenced by 3. millions of 4. decides to; grows up 5. was surprised to 6. easy to be 7. sees, play 8. died in 9. making; lively and interesting 10. isnt so/as big asIII. 补全对话。 1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. G
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