九年级定语从句公开课.ppt

初中定语从句讲解 育才学校吴海霞 Matchthetwosentences1 I mreadingabook ThebookisaboutBillGates 2 Heisateacher TheteacherteachesusChinese 3 Idon tliketheman Heissmoking 4 Whereisthepicture Youboughtitlastweek I mreadingabookthat whichisaboutBillGates Heisateacherwho thatteachesusChinese Idon tlikethemanwhoissmoking Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek 什么是定语从句呢 答案 修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 结构 先行词 关系词 句子 定语从句 由一个句子充当定语 从句的位置 在名词或代词后 先行词 被定语从句修饰的词 引导词 引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词 引导词的作用 1 引导定语从句 2 在从句中作一成份 3 代替先行词在从句中的位置 Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman 先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 关系代词 关系副词 which who whom whose that Where when 关系词 关系代词 that which who whom whose关系副词 when where why 关系代词 指物 thatwhich指人 who 主 宾格 thatwhom 宾格 关系词判断步骤 首先 要看先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系代词可用who that whom whose 如果先行词指物 关系代词可用which或that 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 关系代词用法 人 物 主 宾 主 宾 主 宾 宾 定 人 人 人 物 物 关系代词that which引导的定语从句 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词 关系代词应用that which 作主语或宾语 Whichhouseismine 房顶是棕色的房子是我的 Thehouseismine whoseroofisbrown Myhouse Thisisadream Thedreamwillnevercometrue Thisisadreamwhich thatwillnevercometrue Thedoghasbeenfound Thedogwaslost Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound Practise Thisisthehousewhichisforsale 2 Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine which that作主语 不能省 作主语 which that作宾语 可省略 Thisisthecard I vejustreceivedthecard Thisisthecardwhich thatI vejustreceived Practise Thisisthemistakewhich thatIalwaysmake Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme 作宾语 关系代词who that whom引导的定语从句 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词 关系代词应用who that 作主语或宾语 whom 作宾语 who that作主语 不能省 Thisisthefilmstar ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina 作主语 TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin that who whom that作宾语 可省略 Themanisafamouswriter Hedescribedthemanjustnow Theman who whom that hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter 作宾语 Theboywho m I mlookingforismyfriend Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison 小结 that 既可指人 也可指物 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 which 指物 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 who 指人 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 常用whom 注 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时 定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定 有时只能用that 不用which 常见的情况有六种 当先行词是all any few little none anything everything nothing everybody nobody everyone noone或被它们修饰时 That sallthatIknow IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked 2 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons 3 当先行词有thevery theonly thesame thelast等修饰时 That stheonlythingthatIcandonow Thesearetheverywordsthatheused 4 当主句以who或which开头时 定语从句的关系词用that 而不用which或who Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow Whichisthepenthatyoulost 5 先行词同时包括人或物时 关系词用that ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate 只能用that的情况 1先行词被最高级 序数词修饰时 2先行词有all only very last few little much none some any every no等修饰时 3先行词是all anything everything something nothing时 4先行词既有人 又有物 5由who和which提问的句子 6主句是Therebe结构时 只能用which的情况 1 介词提到关系代词前Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway Thecitywhich thatshelivesinisfaraway 2 引导非限制性定语从句IamreadingHarryPorter whichisaninterestingbook 3 整个句子是先行词 从句前面往往有逗号 Hefailedintheexam whichmadehisparentsangry 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用who 禁用that1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim whose作定语 表示所属关系 Theboyismyclassmate Theboy sfatherisapoliceman Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate Achild parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan 孤儿 A whoB whoseC who sD which 例句赏析 It saninventionwhich thatisusedforkeepingofftherain 飘 It sabookthat whichwaswrittenbyMargaretMitchell Gonewiththewind It stheWallthat whichwasbuiltbyChinesepeople It sananimalthat which It sananimalthat whichhasbignose Exercise1 用关系代词填空 Theboy isplayingping pongismyclassmate Thee mail Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister Ihatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle Thecar myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful who that which that who that which that 5 Theman hairiswhiteishisgrandfather 6 Isthereastudent fatherisabusinessman 7 Thisisthehousein wehavelivedfor10years 8 I veneverheardofthepeopleandthings youtalkedaboutjustnow whose whose which that 当先行词同时指人和物时 关系代词只能用that Exercise2 Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings theycouldn tremember Sayall youknow Isthereanything Icandoforyou that that that 当先行词是something anything nothing all等词时 关系代词只能用that 4 Thisisthefirstplay IhaveseensinceIcamehere 5 Thisisthebestnovel Ihaveread that that 当先行词被序数词 最高级等词修饰时 关系代词只能用that 6 Whoisthegirl isstandingunderthetree 7 Whichisthemachine weusedlastSunday 当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句 而中心词指人或物时 关系代词只能用that that that 挑战高难度 谢谢