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Module 6 Old and New一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1canal n运河2civil adj.民用的；国内的3cliff n. 悬崖；峭壁 4site n. 场所；遗址5Buddhist n. 佛教徒 6watchtower n. 望台7ridiculous adj. 荒唐的；可笑的 8enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的9terminal n. (机场的)集散站；终点站；候机厅(二)表达词汇写其形1structure n. 建筑物；结构 2dam n. 坝；堤；水闸3remove vt. 迁移；搬迁 4crash vi. (飞机)失事；坠毁5date vi. 始于(某一历史时期)6relic n. (常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.poem n诗；诗歌poet n诗人*2.global adj.全球的globe n地球；地球仪*3.freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的freeze v冷冻；冻结frozen adj.结冰的；冻结的；冻僵的4.engineering n(土木)工程engineer n工程师5.acmodate vt.容纳(乘客等)acmodation n住处；住宿；膳宿6.construction n建造；建设；建筑construct vt.建造；建设constructive adj.建设性的*7.foggy adj.有浓雾的fog n(浓)雾 *8.narrow adj.狭窄的v.变窄narrowly adv.狭隘地；勉强地9.observatory n观察台observe vt.观察observation n观察10.historical adj.历史的；有关历史的historic adj.具有历史意义的history n历史用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1Li Bai was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty and many of his poems were passed down from generation to generation.(poem)2It was so freezing that the cold weather froze the lake. And I was absolutely frozen. (freeze)3Its said that fog is harmful to our health, so we should wear masks on foggy days.(fog)4For all the countries across the globe,_the problem of global warming should be paid special attention to. (globe)5My car finally came to a narrow road, some part of which narrowed to only 5 meters in width. At the moment, another car ran in our direction. It was running so fast that it narrowly missed hitting mine. How dangerous it was！(narrow)话题单词积累1empire /empaI/ n帝国2kingdom /kIdm/ n. 王国3president /prezId()nt/ n. 总统4cabinet /kbInIt/ n. 内阁5parliament /plm()nt/ n. 议会6democracy /dImkrsI/ n. 民主7capitalism /kpIt()lIz()m/ n. 资本主义8constitution /knstItju()n/ n. 宪法；章程9royal /rIl/ adj. 皇家的10conservative /knsvtIv/ n. 保守派11religion /rIlId()n/ n. 宗教12religious /rIlIds/ adj. 宗教的13racial /reI()l/ adj. 种族的14prehistoric /prihIstrIk/ adj. 史前的15attack /tk/ vt.& n. 进攻；攻击16explode /Ikspld/ v. 爆炸17abolish /blI/ vt. 废除；取消18representative /reprIzenttIv/ n. 代表19immigrant /ImIgr()nt/ n. 移民20independence /IndIpend()ns/ n独立21monument /mnjm()nt/ n. 纪念碑22appoint /pInt/ v. 任命，委派23election /Ilek()n/ n. 选举；当选24federal /fed()r()l/ adj. 联邦的25liberate /lIbreIt/ vt. 解放；释放26BC /bisi/ abbr. 公元前27bomb /bm/ n. 炸弹28found /fand/ vt. 成立；建立29minister /mInIst/ n. 部长；牧师30premier /premI/ n. 首相；总理二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.date_from起源于2.of_all_time 有史以来；一直*3.now_that 既然；由于*4.dream_of/about 梦想*5.hold_back 阻止*6.e_true (梦想等)变成现实7.make_sense 有意义；有道理8.bring_an_end_to 结束；终止9.be_on_a_visit_to 正对进行访问*10.of_great_importance 很重要(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1The church, dating_from the 17th century, was destroyed in the Second World War.2The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted to my favorite university will e_true.(2014四川高考书面表达)3Ted never dreamt_of/about there being a chance for him to be sent abroad soon.4Alice couldnt hold_back her tears any longer and cried loudly before her parents.5As for me, it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is of_great_importance.6Now_that you are familiar with the authors ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as possible.话题短语积累1break away from 脱离2fight for 为而战3fight against 对抗，反对，与作斗争4free of 无的，摆脱了的5in history 在历史上6have an influence on 对有影响7rise up 起义8persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事9be tired of 厌烦10go against 违背11e to an end 结束12tear down 拆毁，拆除13be active in 在活跃14by hand 用手15in place 在合适的位置16on a large scale 大规模地17reach an agreement 达成协议18be responsible for 负责19announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事20force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1It takes (sb.) some time/money to do sth.“(某人)花费时间/金钱做某事”例句It took six years to build and cost US 20 billion.仿写人们喜欢看电影的原因是在电影中花费更少的时间就能理解整个故事情节。The reason why people prefer to see films is that it_takes_less_time_to_understand the whole story in the film. 2It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.“(某人)有可能做某事”例句Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?仿写下次你能搭乘早一点的公交车吗？Is_it_possible_for_you_to_take an earlier bus next time?3“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句例句Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”仿写一些专家认为阅读是学校教育应该依靠的基本技能。(2015安徽高考单选)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on_which school education depends. 4do you think作插入语例句Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?仿写要保护这些旧建筑，你认为我们应该怎么办？What_do_you_think we should do to protect the old buildings？话题佳句背诵1Argentina, whose official language is Spanish, gained its independence from Spain in 1810.1810年阿根廷从西班牙统治下获得独立，其官方语言是西班牙语。2Mandela, who played an important role in the antiracial discrimination struggle in South Africa, made great contributions to the development of South Africa.曼德拉对南非的发展做出了巨大贡献，他在南非的反种族歧视斗争中扮演着重要的角色。3Scotland voted against independence; more than half people chose to remain part of the United Kingdom.苏格兰公投反对独立，过半数人选择继续留在英国。4We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and culture of other countries.我们能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。5Race has always been a hot button in this countrys history.种族一直是这个国家历史上争论不休的一个热点。四背语段语感流畅The city government persuaded the citizens to tear down an old building to build an enormous hotel last year. The hotel, which will be able to acmodate up to 5,000 guests, is still under construction. Li Hua, who is an experienced engineer, has been appointed to be responsible for the engineering. Although it is freezing and sometimes it is foggy, the workers think they can remove problems to plete the project on schedule.去年，市政府说服市民拆除一座旧建筑来建一座大宾馆。这个宾馆能够容纳多达5 000名宾客，现在仍然在建造中。李华，一位有经验的工程师被任命来负责这项工程。尽管天气寒冷并且有时有雾，工人们认为他们能消除这些问题按期完成这项工程。第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1date vi.始于(某一历史时期) vt.确定的年代；注明日期于n.日期；约会教材原句Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty (13681644)长城的大部分始建于明朝(13681644)。(1)date from date back to起源于；追溯到(2)set a date for 确定的日期out of date 过时的；过期的up to date 现代的；最新式的Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl, which dates_back_to the Han Dynasty.大多数中国人都喜欢牛郎和织女的神话传说，这个传说可以追溯到汉朝。The dictionary is_out_of_date:_many words have been added to the language since it was published. (2016天津高考单选)这部词典过时了：自从它出版以来，这门语言已增添了许多单词。As far as I know, they have_set_the_date_for the wedding.据我所知，他们已经确定了婚礼的日期。名师指津date from和date back to常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时态。它们没有进行时态，也没有被动语态形式。当用作定语时，要用现在分词形式。2acmodate vt.容纳(乘客等)；供应；使适应；迁就；向提供 vi.适应教材原句The airport is within five hours flying time of half the worlds population and is designed to acmodate 80 million passengers a year.世界上一半的人口可以在五个小时内飞抵这个机场，机场设计客容量为每年八千万人次。(1)acmodate . to . 使适合/迁就/迎合acmodate sb. with sth.帮忙；向某人提供某物acmodate oneself to 使某人自己适应(2)acmodation n. 住所；住宿；膳宿make acmodation for 为提供膳宿/住宿He will acmodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.他在国外期间将把他的房子给我使用。We should acmodate ourselves to the changing situation.我们应该使自己适应不断变化的形势。The school does its best to make more acmodations (acmodate) available.学校尽最大努力提供更多的住宿。3narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小经典例句Parents and children should municate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.父母和孩子应该多交流，以缩小他们之间的隔阂，以便他们能更好地相互理解。(1)a narrow escape九死一生a narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败(2)narrow down 缩小的范围(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地；以毫厘之差；狭隘地The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.这个年轻人以微弱多数票赢得了这次选举。The police have_narrowed_down their list of suspects.警方已缩小了嫌疑人的范围。The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were narrowly (narrow) beaten.篮球比赛的最终比分是9394。我们被以微弱优势击败。词汇过关练.单句语法填空1(2017全国卷语法填空)When fat and salt are_removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.2In my opinion, the meeting was very constructive (construct)3After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to make acmodations for the homeless families.4We neednt have hurried all the way to the airport the flight was called off because of the foggy (fog) weather. 5Students often find it hard to understand the structures (structure) of some long and plex sentences.6The number of historic (history) buildings which have been pulled down has reached a surprising figure that we must be aware of.7To their relief, their students narrowly (narrow) escaped from the shaking building.8Charities in Europe say theyre prepared to hand out thousands of frozen (freeze) dinners that contain horse meat to the poor.9The other day we paid a visit to an ancient church building in Rome, dating (date) back to the sixth century.10A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board.单句改错1The church date from the 13th century.datedates2To acmodating the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days to seven days a week. acmodatingacmodate3The boy playing in the street narrow missed being knocked down by a speeding car.narrownarrowly4On a frozen morning, the little girl was found dead at the corner of the street. frozenfreezing5Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, have been removing due to mobile phones.removingremoved.单句写作(句型转换/一句多译)1The temple has a long history. It dates from the early period of the Tang Dynasty.This temple has a long history dating_from the early period of the Tang Dynasty.This temple has a long history dating_back_to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.2据说他在前些天的那场交通事故中死里逃生。It is said that he narrowly_escaped_being_killed in the traffic accident the other day. (narrowly)It is said that he had_a_narrow_escape in the traffic accident the other day. (narrow)第二板块短语、句式突破1hold back阻止；阻挡；抑制，控制(情绪、情感等)；隐瞒高考佳句I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.(2015湖南高考单选)我有一种强烈的欲望想伸手进去拿那个玩具玩，但幸亏我被商店橱窗阻挡了。一词多义写出下列句中hold back的含义The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to hold back your anger.抑制，控制I think hes holding something back; he knows more than he admits.隐瞒hold down保有(一份工作)；压抑；压低；控制hold on (电话用语)稍后；别挂断电话；等一等，坚持hold up 举起；支持住；耽误hold out 继续；坚持不屈服；伸出hold on to 抓住；保持；不要放弃I decided to hold up on the news until I was sure of it.我决定暂缓发布这条消息，直到我确信准确无误。They were ready to hold out friendly hands.他们准备伸出友谊之手。2make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通；可理解教材原句If you take away the attributive clauses, do the sentences still make sense?如果你去掉关系从句的话，这些句子还讲得通吗？make sense of了解的意义；懂得in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲a sense of 的感觉There is no sense in (doing) sth. 口语做某事是没有道理/没有意义的。See, your puter has broken down again! It doesnt_make_sense to buy the cheapest brand of puter just to save a few dollars.(2015天津高考单选)瞧，你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑没有意义。There is no sense in plaining (plain). We should take action now.抱怨是没有意义的。我们现在应该采取行动了。A sense of anxiety could arise if we were addicted to various social networking applications.如果我们对各种社交网络的应用程序上瘾的话，就可能会出现一种焦虑症。3bring an end to结束；终止教材原句The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric project which has brought an end to the danger of flooding.三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程，这项工程结束了洪水泛滥的危险。bring/put an end to sth. bring/put sth. to an end结束；终止e to an end 结束；完结carry . through to the end 将进行到底on end 连续地；竖着Winning the petition brought an end to his financial problems.赢得这次比赛让他摆脱了经济问题。The meeting came to an end and he set down many key points.会议结束了，他记录了很多要点。For several miles on_end,_there was no house on either side of the road.绵延数英里，道路两边没有一座房子。4It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US 20 billion.它(际机场)花了6年时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.意为“(某人)花费时间做某事”，it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是句子的真正主语。此外，take还表示“需要”之意。As a new graduate, he doesnt know what it takes to_start (start) a business here.作为一个刚毕业的大学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。(1)sb. spends some time/money (in) doing/on sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事/在某物上(2)(doing) sth. costs (sb.) some time/money (做)某事/物花费(某人)时间/金钱(3)sb. pays sb. some money for sth. 某人为某事/物付给某人金钱A month before the event, I spent hours working (work) out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.(2016浙江高考书面表达)在比赛前一个月，我花了好几个小时制定了计划表，概述了我的目标和实际步骤。They told me it would be cheap but in fact it cost_me_nearly_500.他们告诉我东西会很便宜，但实际上花了我将近500美元。The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.那块表很不错，他以20%的折扣价买下了它。短语、句式过关练.hold短语介、副词填空1No force on the earth can hold back the wheel of history.2Due to the policy of free expressway fees on major holidays, too many passenger cars are trapped on the expressways, some even held up for several hours.3We should hold on/out in the face of hardships.4We thought of selling this old furniture. But weve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.5These measures helped to hold down traffic accidents.sense单句语法填空1Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.2In a sense, I cant agree with what you said.3There is no sense in talking (talk) to him any more. You are wasting your time.运用所学短语完成下面语段Li Huas dream of going to a key university 1.dates_from (起源于) his childhood, when he always 2.dreamed_of (梦想) being admitted to Tsinghua University. Once he made up his mind, nothing could 3.hold_him_back (阻止他). So we strongly hold the belief that his dream will 4.e_true (实现) 5.in_the_end (最终).句型转换1The washing machine took us half an hour to fix.It took_us_half_an_hour_to_fix the washing machine.We spent_half_an_hour_fixing the washing machine.2He will possibly be admitted by Peking University.It is possible_for_him to be admitted by Peking University.3This is the best thing to do in memory of our beloved teacher.(转换为定语从句)This is the best thing that_we_can_do in memory of our beloved teacher.提能一用课文词汇写高分作文freezing， remove， enormous， historic， construction， ridiculous， date back to， e true， make sense， hold back， bring an end to1补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)在寒冷的一天，市政府就是否把追溯到1 000年前的古庙移走，并在那儿建个公园展开讨论。On a freezing cold day, the city government held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple dating_back_to 1,000 years ago and build a park there.一些人认为这样做有道理。Some people thought it made_sense to do so.他们认为只有这样，改善生活的梦想才能变为现实。They thought their dream of improving life could e_true only in this way.另外一些人试图阻止。Others tried to hold it back.他们认为这座古庙值得保护。They thought this old temple deserved protecting.把如此庞大的历史建筑移走是荒唐的。Removing such enormous historic construction was ridiculous.这个讨论花了他们将近两个小时。The discussion cost them nearly two hours.由于双方都不想作出让步，他们不得不终止了讨论，无果而终。As neither side wanted to give in, they had to bring_an_end_to the discussion with no result.2升级平淡句(1)用倒装结构改写句They_thought_only_in_this_way_could_their_dream_of_improving_life_e_true.(2)用“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型改写句It_took_them_nearly_two_hours_to_have_the_discussion.3衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：while, because, whats more)On a freezing cold day, the city government held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple dating back to 1,000 years ago and build a park there. Some people thought it made sense to do so because they thought only in this way could their dream of improving life e true, while others tried to hold it back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting. Whats more, removing such enormous historic construction was ridiculous. It took them nearly two hours to have the discussion. As neither side wanted to give in, they had to bring an end to the discussion with no result.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句本单元突破点定语从句动词不定式作目的状语经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydroelectric power for the central region of China.which引导非限制性定语从句，动词不定式“to control flooding and provide hydroelectric power for the central region of China”作目的状语。沙克尔顿曾经是一位英国的商船队官员，在1908年就已经到达过距离南极点不足100英里的地方，在他1914年航海前开始做生意，从电影和剧照摄影中赚钱。真题长难句Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. (2016全国卷阅读理解D)who引导定语从句，动词不定式“to make money from movie and still photography”作目的状语。“历史变迁”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一“历史与地理”中的一个子话题。关注历史变迁可以从不同的层面研究社会、经济、文化的发展变化，学习和借鉴过去的得失，从而做出引人注目的成绩，创造更加伟大的历史。回顾历年高考试题，有关此话题的题目通常在阅读理解、书面表达等题型中考查，在阅读题型中多以说明文出现。话题与语篇考题示例(2017全国卷阅读B)1Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theaters 75year history.This time, however, the cleanup was a little different.As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.2The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with tearyeyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.3Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to pete. He added that the theaters location (位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town，” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”4Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping plex on the land where the theater is located.5The theater audience said goodbye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.1In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?AIt made room for new equipment.BIt signaled the closedown of the theater.CIt was done with the help of the audience.DIt marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.2Why was The Last Picture Show put on?AIt was an alltime classic.BIt was about the history of the town.CThe audience requested it.DThe theater owner found it suitable.3What will probably happen to the building?AIt will be repaired.BIt will be turned into a museum.CIt will be knocked down.DIt will be sold to the city government. 4What can we infer about the audience?AThey are disappointed with Bradford.BThey are sad to part with the old theater. CThey are supportive of the city officials.DThey are eager to have a shopping center. 策略指导(一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1段第1段画波浪线部分事件的结果，电影院关闭倒叙的写作手法，先说结果，然后按发展顺序依次说明第24段第2段画波浪线部分选定最后一部电影第3段画波浪线部分关闭电影院的原因第4段画波浪线部分电影院所在地今后的用途第5段第5段画波浪线部分观众向电影院告别第2步：微观
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