2019届高三英语上学期第四次考试试题(含解析).doc

2019届高三英语上学期第四次考试试题(含解析)第卷第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(You may read the questions first.)Eye for an EyeWilliam Ian MillerAnalyzing the law of the talionan eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth-William Ian Miller presents an original thinking over the concept of “pay back”.“William Ian Miller has written a marvelous book that I found absolutely attractive.-Wendy Doniger, University of Chicago$28.00: Hardback: 0-521-85680-9:304ppHow New Language EmergeDavid LightfootIn this pioneering study, David lightfoot explains how languages e into being, arguing that children are the driving force. Engaging and original, this book offers a pathbreaking new account of language acquisition, variation and change.$75.00: Hardback: 0-521-85913-1:208pp$29.99: Paperback: 0-521-67629-0:304ppA History of Modern IndonesiaAdrian VickersAlthough Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world, its history is still relatively unfamiliar and understudied. Guided by the life and writings of the countrys most famous author, Pramoedya, Ananta Toer, Adrian Vickers takes the reader on a journey across the social and political landscape of twentieth-century Indonesia in this timely account.$70.00: Hardback: 0-521-83493-7:292pp$24.99: Paperback: 0-521-54262-6Available at better bookstores and at . Cambridge.org/us1. The word “talion” in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a concept of .A. medicine B. tradeC. avenging D. striving2. The book entitled A History of Modern Indonesia has focused on .A. landscapes and tourist attractions in IndonesiaB. its fourth largest population in the worldC. its relatively unfamiliar and understudied economyD. its social and political aspects in modern times3. What do these three books have in mon?A. Their authors are introduced in detailB. They all have a hardback and a paperbackC. Each of them is mented by a professorD. They are published by the same publishing house【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D【解析】文章介绍了三本书。1. C词义猜测题。根据Eye for an Eye中Analyzing the law of the talionan eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth-William Ian Miller presents an original thinking over the concept of “pay back”.分析以牙还牙以眼还眼的报复法William Ian Miller对“回报”概念提出了初步的思考。可知talion是一个“复仇”的概念。故选C。2. D细节理解题。根据A History of Modern Indonesia中Guided by the life and writings of the countrys most famous author, Pramoedya, Ananta Toer, Adrian Vickers takes the reader on a journey across the social and political landscape of twentieth-century Indonesia in this timely account.可知这本书名为现代印度尼西亚史的书集中论述了它近代的社会和政治方面。故选D。3. D推理判断题。纵观全文，不难发现这三本书出自同一家出版社Hardback: 0-521。故选D。BCamp memories last forever! We make sure they are unforgettable!Shadow Ridge Summer Camps offer so many exciting things for campers to do. Unlike other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program, at Shadow Ridge horses are the program! We are 100% horse from stable(马厩) management, nature walks, and track rides to bedroom furnishings.Horses help us achieve many of our aims. Girls can learn to develop responsibility, self-confidence and personal connections in their lives while having fun. Using horses as a wonderful tool for education, our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning.Imagine each girl having her very own horse to spend time with and a best friend to love and take care of. Each camper is responsible for a horse for the week. Our riding program provides a lot of riding and lesson time. Campers will learn how to take care of the horse and the tack(马具), as well as how to ride. Days are filled with horse-related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horse, as the girls learn to work safely around the horses.At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving, caring family atmosphere for our campers. We have “The Bunkhouse” (4 girls), “The Wranglers Roost” (4 girls), and “The Hideout” (2 girls) in our fortable 177-year-old farm house. All meals are home cooked, offering delicious and healthy food for the hungry rider.Our excellent activities create personalized memories of your childs vacation, Each child will receive a camp T-shirt and a photo album(usually 300-500 pictures) of their stay at camp.Our camps are offered during June, July and August xx, for small groups of girls aged 13-16 years, not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.We will send you full program descriptions at your request.4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To attract people to the campsB. To talk about camping experiencesC. To describe the programs of the campsD. To explain the aims of the camps5. What do we know about the camp programs at Shadow Ridge?A. Campers are required to wear camp T-shirtsB. Horses play a central role in the activitiesC. Campers learn to cook food for themselvesD. Horse lessons are offered all the year round6. The programs at Shadow Ridge mainly aim to help people .A. understand horses betterB. enjoy a family atmosphereC. have fun above other thingsD. achieve an educational purpose7. Which one of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The time of the campingB. The cost of the campingC. The advantages of the campingD. The effect of the camping【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Shadow Ridge Summer Camps野营与众不同的地方，他们主要提供以马为主的活动项目。通过使用马来教育孩子们。4. A写作目的题。根据文章的第一段中的Do you long for lasting camp memories? Sure we can guarantee it.可知，你想拥有长久的野营记忆吗？我们这里能保证做到这点。这说明作者想通过介绍旅游项目来吸引人们。故选A。5. B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Unlike other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their program, at Shadow Ridge horses ARE the program ! We are 100% horse from stable（马厩）management, nature walks, and track rides to bedroom furnishings.可知，不像其他野营项目，马只作为野营项目的一小部分。在Shadow Ridge野营就时马的项目。以马的项目为主。故选B。6. D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Using horses as a wonderful tool for education, our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning:可知，野营的主要项目是有关马的项目，而用马是教育的工具。所以选D。7. B 推理判断题 文章没有提到露营的费用，故选B。考点：考察广告类短文阅读CI entered high school having read hundreds of books. But I was not a good reader. Merely bookish, I lacked a point of view when I read. Rather, I read in order to get a point of view. I searched books for good expressions and sayings, pieces of information, ideas, themes-anything to enrich my thought and make me feel educated. When one of my teachers suggested to his sleepy tenth-grade English class that a person could not have a plicated idea until he had read at least two thousand books, I heard the words without recognizing either its irony (嘲讽)or its very plicated truth. I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read. Strict with myself, I included only once a title I might have read several times. (How, after all, could one read a book more than once?) And I included only those books over a hundred pages in length. (Could anything shorter be a book?)There was yet another high school list I made. One day I came across a newspaper article about an English professor at a nearby state college. The article had a list of the hundred most important books of Western Civilization. More than anything else in my life, the professor told the reporter with finality, these books have made me all that I am. That was the kind of words I couldnt ignore. I kept the list for the several months it took me to read all of the titles. Most books, of course, I hardly understood. While reading Platos The Republic, for example, I needed to keep looking at the introduction of the book to remind myself what the text was about. However, with the special patience and superstition (迷信)of a schoolboy, I looked at every word of the text. And by me time I reached the last word, pleased, I persuaded myself that I had read The Republic, and seriously crossed Plato off my list.8. On heating the teachers suggestion of reading, the writer thought .A. one must read as many books as possibleB. a student should not have a plicated ideaC. it was impossible for one to read two thousand booksD. students ought to make a list of the books they had read9. The underlined phrase with finality probably means .A. firmly B. clearlyC. proudly D. pleasantly10. The writers purpose in mentioning The Republic is to .A. explain why it was included in the listB. describe why he seriously crossed it off the listC. show that he read the books blindly though they were hard to understandD. prove that he understood most of it because he had looked at every word11. The writer provides two book lists to .A. show how he developed his point of viewB. tell his reading experience at high schoolC. introduce the two persons reading methodsD. explain that he read many books at high school【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】试题分析：本文作者通过自己的具体事例向我们讲述了学生时代的读书经历，从此反映出自己的成长过程。8. A细节推理题。根据When one of my teachers suggested that a person could not have a plicated idea until he had read at least two thousand books, I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read.可知作者听完老师的话后觉得要尽可能多的读书，故选A.9. A词意猜测题。finality是名词“终结，定局”，句意：教授用终结的话告诉记者。Afirmly 坚定地；Bclearly清晰地，明显地；Cproudly骄傲地；Dpleasantly愉快地。A项符合句意，故选A.10. C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知有的书很难理解，但作者硬着头皮看完了，证明自己看过了。通过这个例子表明作者在盲目读书，故选C.11. B推理判断题。本文作者是通过具体实例来讲述中学时代自己的读书经历，让我们了解他的成长过程。根据文意选B.考点：考查教育类短文阅读。DIn a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe being increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will bee three times bigger over the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.12. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that .A. It makes the world warmerB. it consumes natural resourcesC. it brings severe damage to forestsD. it makes growth hard to continue13. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. China lacks wind and solar energyB. China is the leader of the low-carbon marketC. High-speed trains are a low-carbon developmentD. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests14. To full develop the low-carbon markets, government can .A. cut public expensesB. forbid carbon emissionC. develop public resourcesD. encourage energy conservation15. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new business modelB. To pare two business modelsC. To predict a change of the global marketD. To advocate sustainable development【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D【解析】文章主要是提倡大家过低碳环保生活，实现可持续发展.13. C 推理题。根据第二段is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains.中国正在迅速发展电动汽车和高速铁路，而中国想再低碳环保方面起领先地位，说明发展高铁也是一种低碳环保方面的进一步发展。.故选C。14. D细节题。根据文章第三段Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development.可知要进一步发展public resources。故D正确。15. D 主旨大意题。文章主要是提倡大家过低碳环保生活，实现可持续发展。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes willpower is a lot like the television remote control-hard to find just when you want it most. Whether youre trying to lose weight, stop smoking, get to the gym regularly, developing your sense of willpower is an important part of changing any behavior._16_But there are ways to increase your willpower.Dont try to change your economic situation, win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning. Establish one clear, specific goal and make a realistic plan for achieving it. Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont stretch yourself too thin._17_Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight._18_If you are trying to kick a caffeine habit, start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water, instead of vowing never to drink coffee again. Congratulate yourself on the small achievements that will pave the way toward a larger one. These successes help your willpower grow._19_Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help. If your credit card bills have increased sharply, for instance, let friends know that you are cutting back on expenses. Suggest having a mon dinner instead of meeting at an expensive restaurant. Find a support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meetings. You can get valuable advice, understanding and information.If possible, change your environment to encourage positive behavior. Want to get in shape? Keep an extra set of workout clothes in your office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking?_20_A. Change your environment to change your lifeB. Real success takes timeC. Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light upD. Changing your behavior requires more than willpowerE. Improve your willpower by a support networkF. Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficultG. Focus on one goal at a time【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. C【解析】试题分析：本文讲述的是提高我们的意志力的重要性和多种不同的方法。16. F 根据下句But there are ways to increase your willpower.有很多提高意志力的方法，句首的but说明前句与这句有转折关系，故F项：去除坏习惯和养成新习惯都很困难符合上下文。17. G 根据前句Extra willpower sometimes requires extra energy, so dont stretch yourself too thin.可知锻炼前面的意志力需要额外的精力。所以不要一下子设很多的目标，那样不现实，一次一个即可。故G正确。18. B 根据前句 Whatever your goal is, dont expect to achieve it overnight.不要指望一下子就成功。也就是指：真正的成功是需要时间的。故B正确。19. E 根据下句Ask friends, family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help.可知可以向别人求助，不要单独靠自己。也就是说要靠一个支持的网络来提高自己的意志力。故E正确。20. C 根据前句Quitting smoking?可知我们要克服抽烟一些不好的生活习惯，故C项内容Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up.避免去酒吧或者餐厅，因为在那里你很容易就被吸引再次抽烟。考点：考查人生百态类短文阅读点评：本文讲述的是提高我们的意志力的重要性和多种不同的方法。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。第三部分 英语知识运用第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选取可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Hidden passengers traveling in ships, trams, or even cars can be a terrible troubles-especially when they are insects. As for this, there is a great_21_between human beings and insects. The former_22_every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly_23_attention to themselves.We can only show mercy to the_24_man who had to stop his car soon after_25_from a country village to drive to London. Hearing a strange noise from the_26_of the car, he naturally got out to_27_the wheels carefully, but he found nothing wrong, so he_28_his way. Again the noise began,_29_and became even louder. Quickly_30_his head, the man saw what appeared to be a great_31_cloud following the car. When he stopped at a village further on, he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees_32_.On learning this, the man drove away as quickly as possible. After an hours_33_driving, he arrived safely in London, where he parked his car outside a_34_and went in. It was not long_35_a customer who had seen him arrive_36_in to inform him that his car was_37_with bees. The poor driver was_38_that the best way should be to call a_39_.In a short time the man arrived. He found the unwele passenger hidden near the wheels at the back of the car. Very thankful to the driver for this_40_gift, the bee-keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box.21. A. connection B. difference C. munication D. similarity22. A. do B. take C. make D. try23. A. give B. keep C. pay D. draw24. A. unfortunate B. careless C. unpleasant D. hopeless25. A. passing by B. leaving out C. setting out D. getting up26. A. front B. back C. left D. right27. A. clean B. change C. test D. examine28. A. drove B. continued C. pushed D. forced29. A. normally B. gently C. actually D. immediately30. A. hiding B. turning C. shaking D. raising31. A. black B. beautiful C. white D. colorful32. A. below B. ahead C. nearly D. behind33. A. boring B. careful C. exciting D. hard34. A. hotel B. museum C. hospital D. school35. A. when B. after C. until D. before36. A. broke B. moved C. hurried D. dropped37. A. crowded B. covered C. filled D. equipped38. A. advised B. required C. ordered D. requested39. A. bee-keeper B. policeman C. waiter D. repairman40. A. unfamiliar B. unknown C. unexpected D. uncertain【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. A 40. C【解析】本文讲述了一个人的后车轮附近藏着一只蜂王，导致一群蜜蜂追随它的汽车的故事。21. B。考查名词。A. connection 关系； B. difference 不同； C. munication 交际； D. similarity相似。这里指的是人与昆虫的区别，注意下文提到的the former(前者)和the latter(后者)是在对两者的不同作比较。故选B。22. C。考查动词。A. do 做； B. take拿走； C. make制造； D. try尝试。根据常识可知，偷乘车辆或船只的人通常都会尽量不让人发现。make effort to do sth 固定词组，“尽力做做某事”，make every possible effort to do sth 的意思是“尽一切可能做某事”，故选C。23. D。考查动词。A. give 给； B. keep 保持； C. pay付款； D. draw吸引，绘画。句中的while 表对比。前面说偷乘车辆或船只的人通常都会尽量不让人发现，而“偷”乘车辆或船只的昆虫则不同，怎么个不同？那就是它们会draw attention (引起注意)。故选D。24. A。考查形容词。A. unfortunate 不幸的； B. careless 粗心的； C. unpleasant 不愉快的； D. hopeless无希望的。根据下文可知，这个人很不走运。故选A。25. C。考查动词词组。指从一个山村出发去伦敦。比较：set out 出发，动身；pass by从旁经过；leave out 遗漏，漏掉；get up起床。故选C。26. B。考查名词。A. front 前面； B. back 后面； C. left 左边； D. right右边。根据文章最后一段倒数第2句He found the unwele passenger hidden near the wheels at the back. of the car 可知，此处应填 back。27. D。考查动词。A. clean 打扫； B. change 改变； C. test 测试； D. examine检查。指司机听到从车后面传来有奇怪的声音，所以他就下车来检查(examine)一下，看是什么原因。故选D。28. B。考查动词。A. drove 驾驶； B. continued 继续； C. pushed 推； D. forced强迫。既然通过检查没有发现什么问题，所以他就继续(continue)赶路。故选B。29. D。考查副词。比较：immediately 立即，马上；normally 正常地；gently轻柔地；actually实际上。由于是一种奇怪的声音，并且他几次下车查看，说明这种声音不算normally；又由于后面说became even louder，说明它不gently；actually 在此不合语境。故选D，指车一开动，又马上出现了那种声音。30. B。考查动词。A. hiding 隐匿； B. turning转变； C. shaking 摇动； D. raising抬起。由于声音是从后面传来的，所以当司机