2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题(含解析).doc

2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题(含解析)注意事项：1.本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请考生作答第36-40小题时，选E涂AB,选F涂AC;选G涂AD.第I 卷（选择题 共100分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）1. What will Mary do on weekends?A. Work at the store. B. Read some books. C. Go to the seaside.2. What does the man imply?A. He is busy with school. B. He plays tennis perfectly.C. He doesnt like the weather.3. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman has been to Paris. B. The man lives in Paris now.C. The man used to live in London.4. What is the woman?A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A student.5. How many people will attend the party?A. 15. B. 135. C. 150.第二节 ：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What happened to the man?A. His bike was hit by a car. B. He got injured in a car accident.C. The wheels of his bike were stolen.7. When did the accident take place?A. This morning. B. Last weekend. C. Last Monday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. In which season does the man probably feel lazy?A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter.9. What does the woman think of the summer evenings?A. Hot. B. Boring. C. fortable.10. How does the woman get through the hot daytime?A. By staying indoors. B. By walking in the park. C. By taking a cold shower.听下第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。11. Where is Hans now?A. In Germany. B. In America. C. In France.12. How long had Hans studied music before getting married?A. 3 years. B. 6 years. C. 8 years.13. What do we know about Hans?A. He began to study English since high school.B. He hasnt played soccer for many years.C. He studied music since the 5th grade.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. How did the man know about the hotel?A. From a friend. B. From the Internet. C. From a guide book.15. What was good about the hotel?A. The smell. B. The bed. C. The appearance.16. Why did the man keep the windows shut?A. To keep quiet. B. To avoid the dust. C. To make the room warm.17. What was the result of the mans plaint?A. He was given a free one-night stay. B. He was offered a discount.C. He got his money back.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What is the prize of the petition?A. A visit to the radio station. B. A job offer in Europe. C. A trip to Europe.19. What does the speaker say about the story?A. It cannot be fiction. B. It must be over 1,000 words long.C. It can be something that one hasnt experienced.20. What is the closing date for entries?A. October 1st. B. October 15th. C. October 25th.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Havent you noticed that you have bee smarter since you started to learn a language?According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were pared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的).” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and prehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.1. The main subject talked about in this passage is _.A. science on learning a second languageB. mans ability of learning a second languageC. language can help brain powerD. language learning and maths study2. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to _.A. say language is also a kind of physical laborB. prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a languageC. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the languageD. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well3. The underlined word “bilingual” probably means _.A. a researcher on language learningB. a person who is good at learning foreign languagesC. a person who can speak two languagesD. an active language learner【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C【解析】试题分析：研究显示，学习一门外语能够提升大脑的能力。这是因为学习外语改变了大脑的灰质，大脑灰质负责对信息进行加工。研究还发现，越早开始学习外语，这种效果就越明显。【1题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power”和第三段“The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.”及最后一段“The findings were matched in a study of.”可知，文章主要讲的是一项研究成果，即学习外语能够提升大脑的能力，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.This is the area of the brain which processes information.”可知，学习外语能够增强大脑处理信息的能力，根据“It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.”可知，锻炼身体能够增强肌肉力量，同样，学习外语也能提升大脑的能力。作者作者把学习外语比作身体锻炼是想让大家相信学习语言能够帮助增强大脑灰质的活性，故选D。【3题详解】猜测词义题。根据划线词后面的定语从句“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”可知，划线词指的是学习了第二种语言的人，故选C。考点：科学类短文阅读BIf you want to be a volunteer, you have to answer the following typical questions. Do you want to work with people, animals or machines? Do you want to work indoors or outdoors, directly serve people in need or serve people behind the scenes? Every year, thousands of people in the west offer volunteer service. Volunteering greatly strengthens the munity because it helps the old, the young, the weak, the sick, and the disabled and the injured to solve problems.Volunteers usually help in many different ways. They may give people advice, offer friendship to the young, drive the elderly to church (if up to the driving age), advise kids against drugs, work as assistants in schools or nursing homes, raise funds, plant trees, help out in local libraries and do many other things. Volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month. Anybody who wants to serve people in need can bee a volunteer.In fact, the art of volunteering is a process of both giving and receiving. Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, make new friends and mix with people from all walks of life. Volunteering is an excellent way to experiment and try out new techniques and skills, discover your individual talents and explore career choice. Being a volunteer will take you on a wonderful journey and help you learn more than what you can get from books.4. As a volunteer, only when you grow old enough can you _.A. plant trees on hills B. drive the elderly to churchC. give advice to others D. help out in local libraries5. How is the second paragraph mainly developed?A. By listing examples. B. By paring.C. By giving explanations. D. By discussing.6. It can be inferred from the passage that to be a volunteer, _.A. you can do experiments B. you must be very strongC. you need to work very long D. you can get something valuable7. Whats the best title of the passage?A. How to Hunt for Jobs B. Volunteer Service in the WestC. How to Make Friends D. How to Work with Animals【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】试题分析:本文主要讲的是在西方的志愿者服务的形式、内容以及对人的意义。【4题详解】B细节理解题。根据短文drive the elderly to church (if up to the driving age)可知只有当你到一定年龄了，你才能开老人去教堂，故选B。【5题详解】A文章结构题。根据They may give people advice, offer friendship to the young, drive the elderly to church (if up to the driving age), advise kids against drugs, work as assistants in schools or nursing homes, raise funds, plant trees, help out in local libraries and do many other things. 可知这些都是自愿者会做的一些事情，是在举例子，故选A。【6题详解】D推理判断题。根据短文 Being a volunteer will take you on a wonderful journey and help you learn more than what you can get from books.可知，成为一个志愿者能够给你带来书本上学不到的知识，你能得到一些很有用的经验，故选D。【7题详解】B文章标题题。通读全文可知本文主要讲的是在西方的志愿者服务的形式、内容以及对人的锻炼，主要讲的是志愿者服务，故选B。考点：考查日常生活类短文阅读CThomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “Work,” he answered. “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.8. Edison thought _.A. he could be happy if he was a geniusB. genius plays the most important part in ones successC. hard work could do better than geniusD. genius could do better than hard work9. Edison was _.A. very much interested in natureB. interested in discovering the secrets of natureC. interested in changing peoples ideasD. uninterested in making people happier by discovering the secrets of nature10. In Edisons opinion, _.A. thinking can supply people with enjoyment and pleasure as well as helpB. peoples success lies mostly in geniusC. hard work is the second important thing in making people successfulD. there are few secrets for him to discover later11. The last sentence in the passage most probably implies _.A. life is too short for Edison to invent more for human beingsB. Edison made 100 inventions in his lifeC. Edison was able to live and work for 100 yearsD. people of his time were ready to give Edison another 100 years work【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了天才发明家爱迪生关于思考和工作的一些观点。【8题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第一段He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.可推知爱迪生认为勤奋的努力比天才更重要，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets.可知爱迪生对发现自然的秘密非常感兴趣，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第三段Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.可推知在爱迪生看来，思考可以给人带来快乐与享受，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.可知如果再让他活一百年，他会有更多的发明创造。由此推知他认为自己的生命太短暂，不足以让他为人类创造更多的发明，故选A。DToo many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的)；be understanding.Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you dont tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you havent been honest, you may lose your friends trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly. Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You dont have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve . Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friends place so you can understand the problem better.No two friendships are ever exactly alike(相同). But all true friendships have three things in mon. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty. Generosity and understanding.12. Some friendships dont last very long because .A. there are too many people who want to make friendsB. they dont know friendship is something seriousC. those who give others friendships receive friendships from othersD. those who never give others friendships receive no friendship from others13. According to the passage , honesty is .A. as important as money B. more important than anything elseC. something countable D. the base of a friendship14. Which of the following is NOT true in the passage?A. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.B. Always tell your friend the truth.C. Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.D. Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.15. The best title of this passage is .A. A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed B. Honesty Is the Best HabitC. How to Be a Friend D. Three Important Points in Life【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】这是一篇议论文阅读。文章主要讲了如何成为一个朋友，成为一位好朋友所需要遵守的三个黄金守则：诚实、宽宏大量和理解。【12题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Too many people want others to be their friends, but they dont give friendship back. That is why some friendships dont last very long.可知一些友谊不会持续很久是因为不付出友谊的人也不会收获别人的友谊，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Honesty is where a good friendship starts.可知诚实是友谊的基础，故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段You dont have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests.可知把他的午饭钱给你的人，未必是真正的朋友，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。答案定位在第一段Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的)；be understanding.这是文章的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了如何成为一个朋友，成为一位好朋友所需要遵守的三个黄金守则：诚实、宽宏大量和理解，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。(E涂 AB,F涂AC,G涂AD)While it is impossible to live pletely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it cant be avoided. _16_ _17_ When you are nervous，angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activityRunning, walking, playing tennis, and working in your garden are just some of the activities you might tryTake care of yourself_18_ If you easily get angry and cant sleep well enough, or if youre not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situationsIf stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctorMake time for yourselfSchedule time for both work and entertainmentDont forget, play can be just as important to your overall well-being as work _19_Go window-shopping or work on a hobbyAllow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy _20_Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “theres so much to do, and not enough time”Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anythingInstead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is pletedSet out to do the most important task firstADo whatever you like and want to doBYou should make every effort to eat well and get enough restCMake a list of things to doDTry physical activityEYou need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have funFYou could smile to yourself in front of a mirror every dayGThe following are suggestions for ways to deal with stress【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. C【解析】试题分析：虽然生活中完全不受压力的影响是不可能的，但不能避免时，防止压力以及减少它的影响是可能的。【16题详解】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句介绍说压力在生活中无可避免，开门见山地介绍主题，下文介绍减轻压力的方法，故答案为G选项The following are suggestions for ways to deal with stress以下是应对压力的方法。【17题详解】D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第二段中Running, walking, playing tennis, and working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try跑步，散步，打网球，在你的花园里工作只是你可以尝试的一些活动。故答案为D选项Try physical activity尝试做一些体育活动。【18题详解】B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段标题Take care of yourself照顾好自己，本段主要介绍了好好照顾自己的身体和情绪能让我们的生活状态更好。故答案为B. You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest你应该尽一切努力吃得好，并得到足够的休息。【19题详解】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段标题Make time for yourself给自己腾出时间可知，本段主要内容为人们应该合理安排生活，工作之余给自己腾出休闲的时间，故答案为E选项You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun你需要从日常生活中腾出时间休息娱乐。【20题详解】C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段核心句 Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is pleted. 相反，把你要做的每件事列一个清单，然后做一件事，检查每个任务的完成。故答案为C选项Make a list of things to do将要做的事列一个清单。考点：考查信息匹配第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）When I came to my new school three years ago, I was surprised at how lonely I felt. Then one of my classmates invited me to her house for a dinner_21_. I was a little anxious, but finally I gladly_22_Not really knowing how_23_the bus ride should be, I_24_ when I saw the landmarks_25_on my friends hand-drawn map. But when I got close enough to the _26_, I found none of the streets were shown on the map. I was_27_ on a busy road with cars driving past without a person in sight. I had no_28_when the next bus would e, _29_ when a bus did e by, I_30_ got on. I told the bus driver where I wanted to go and he said that I had caught the_31_ bus, but he let me stay on. After he had finished his scheduled bus route, he_32_ to help me out. I gratefully showed him my little hand-drawn map but_33_did not help much.He finally _34_ me off at a main road to catch a different bus and was_35_ that he could not help me more. After a few minutes of walking, I noticed a bus pull up near me. It was the_36_ bus driver. He explained that he didnt want to leave me there_37_. He sent out a call and someone radioed back, saying that the bus I needed to catch was about ten minutes away. At last I made it to the dinner party _38_ I was over an hour late.I am forever thankful for the_39_ that this bus driver had for me. His act of kindness left a_40_on my heart.21. A. meal B. party C. m