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毕业设计(论文),题 目：手动两自由度回转工作平台 专 业：机械设计制造及其自动化 答辩人,答辩提纲,一、设计背景,在社会主义市场经济的今天，产品的市场竞争日趋激烈，在保证产品质量的前提下，如何扩大产品的加工范围和降低制造成本是提高产品竞争力的关键所在，产品成本一般包括原材料、工具损耗、机床折旧、工人工资和各项管理等费用，他们与劳动生产率密切相关，因此扩大机床加工范围，提高产品加工效率是降低产品成本最有效的途径。回转工作台是镗床、铣床、钻床和插床等重要附件，用于加工有分度要求的孔、槽和斜面，加工时转动工作台，则可加工圆弧面和圆弧槽等，回转工作台可分为分度工作台和数控回转台，目前常用的立式一自由度回转工作平台，只能实现水平方向旋转，不易加工有特殊要求的零件，不能一次性完成多工序加工，应用范围比较窄，而数控回转工作台成本非常高，鉴于此种情况，两自由度回转工作台的设计不仅可以满足水平回转，也可以侧向旋转以满足零件侧面加工，此装置在满足精度要求的基础上操作更加简单，应用范围更加广泛。,2、产品现状,目前，回转工作台在国内外研究状况多为普通机床所用的手动立式一自由度回转工作平台和数控回转工作台，手动立式一自由度回转工作平台，一次装卡无法完成多个面的加工需要，只能逐个装夹，这样不但影响了加工效率也影响加工精度；数控转台，像美国、德国、日本这样的发达国家在数控转台方面已经有了成熟的技术，其表现为：具有较好的可靠性，耐用度和精度保持性等。而手动两自由度回转工作平台的设计弥补了普通平台的不足，继承了数控转台的优点，大大地节约了多次调整和装夹的辅助时间，在提高加工零件尺寸精度的同时，提高了劳动生产率，从而降低了产品的制造成本，增强了产品在市场上的竞争能力，然而数控转台市场价格非常昂贵，普通机床所用的一自由度回转工作台应用范围受限。,二、设计主要内容,三、设计难点与拟采用方法,本课题研究的主要难点是:1、实现工作台两自由度回转的传动结构设计解决办法：本课题采用蜗轮蜗杆传动，其传动特点是：结构紧凑、传动比大、冲击载荷小、传动平稳、噪声低、传动具有自锁性。2、实现工作台两自由度回转的精度设计解决办法：方案设计、技术设计过程中严格要求并保证设计精度，制造过程中保证制造精度，装配过程中保证装配精度，此外严格精确划分分度盘刻度。,五、三维数字设计,1、三维设计,在利用计算机软件进行工程产品的辅助设计与开发时，都需要建立相对应的数学模型，也就是物理系统中的抽象表示。在传统的二维图形中是利用点、线、面来向人们展示一个三维模型，但是无论是设计人员异或是加工人员都需要经过专门的学习与训练才能将二维视图在脑中转化成三维的实体，这点是勿容置疑的。下面所展示的三维设计模型正是利用Pro/e的三维实体造型技术把一个真实的模型展现在你的面前，这样不仅可以从不同视角观察实体，还可以更加直观的暴露产品模型设计中的一些缺陷和不足的地方，促使产品在外观上更加接近真实的美感。,手动两自由度回转工作平台的平台机构部装图,第一自由度蜗杆轴部装图,第一自由度回转工作转台结构图,底座部装图,整体装配图,2、手柄的锻造模具设计,手柄的锻造模型,上模,下模,仿真开模,3、运动仿真,运动中,视频,4、数控编程,成型件,铣削外轮廓,生成代码：,TOOL PATH/CAVITY_MILL,TOOL,MILL TLDATA/MILL,10.0000,0.0000,50.0000,0.0000,0.0000 MSYS/0.0000,0.0000,0.0000,1.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000,0.0000000 $ centerline data PAINT/PATH PAINT/SPEED,10 PAINT/COLOR,186 RAPID GOTO/24.2651,-70.9016,43.0000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000 PAINT/COLOR,211 RAPID GOTO/24.2651,-70.9016,13.4000 PAINT/COLOR,6 FEDRAT/MMPM,250.0000 GOTO/24.2651,-70.9016,10.4000 GOTO/22.2125,-67.6210,10.4000 GOTO/17.3643,-68.8439,10.4000 PAINT/COLOR,31 CIRCLE/0.0000,0.0000,10.4000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000,71.0000,0.0600,0.5000,10.,铣削环形面轮廓：,生成代码：,TOOL PATH/CAVITY_MILL_1,TOOL,MILL TLDATA/MILL,10.0000,0.0000,50.0000,0.0000,0.0000 MSYS/0.0000,0.0000,0.0000,1.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000,0.0000000 $ centerline data PAINT/PATH PAINT/SPEED,10 PAINT/COLOR,186 RAPID GOTO/-31.9202,-1.9886,43.0000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000 PAINT/COLOR,211 RAPID GOTO/-31.9202,-1.9886,16.0000 PAINT/COLOR,6 FEDRAT/MMPM,250.0000 CIRCLE/-28.8000,0.0000,10.3333,0.0000000,0.0000000,-1.0000000,3.7000,0.0600,0.5000,10.0000,0.0000 GOTO/-32.5000,0.0000,10.3333 PAINT/COLOR,31 CIRCLE/0.0000,0.0000,10.3333,0.0000000,0.0000000,-1.0000000,32.5000,0.0600,0.5000,10.0000,0.0000,内孔面轮廓：,生成代码：,TOOL PATH/CAVITY_MILL_2,TOOL,MILL_1 TLDATA/MILL,7.0000,0.0000,50.0000,0.0000,0.0000 MSYS/0.0000,0.0000,0.0000,1.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000,0.0000000 $ centerline data PAINT/PATH PAINT/SPEED,10 PAINT/COLOR,186 RAPID GOTO/-0.7125,1.3147,43.0000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000 PAINT/COLOR,211 RAPID GOTO/-0.7125,1.3147,16.0000 PAINT/COLOR,6 FEDRAT/MMPM,250.0000 CIRCLE/2.1500,0.0000,10.3333,0.0000000,0.0000000,-1.0000000,3.1500,0.0600,0.5000,7.0000,0.0000,TIMES,2 GOTO/-1.0000,0.0000,10.3333,钻孔：,生成代码：,TOOL PATH/DRILLING,TOOL,DRILLING_TOOL TLDATA/DRILL,MILL,3.0000,0.0000,30.0000,118.0000,20.0000 MSYS/0.0000,0.0000,0.0000,1.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000,0.0000000 $ centerline data PAINT/PATH PAINT/SPEED,10 CYCLE/DRILL,RAPTO,5.0000,FEDTO,-7.4013,RTRCTO,AUTO,MMPM,200.0000 PAINT/COLOR,31 GOTO/0.0000,-10.0000,5.0000,0.0000000,0.0000000,1.0000000 GOTO/0.0000,10.0000,5.0000 CYCLE/OFF PAINT/SPEED,10 PAINT/TOOL,NOMORE END-OF-PATH,六、心得体会,设计思维和创造能力得到提高知识面得到了很大的.扩展团队合作能力得到了提高毅力和自信心有了很大的.提高,放映结束,谢谢各位老师!,机电工程学院,
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