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Unit 5 First aid阅读提速练 阅读理解A(2018烟台诊断)After a long winter，spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring Londons green spaces.1Explore Londons parks and gardensSpringtime is the perfect time to explore Londons parks and gardens，when the citys Royal Parks will be blooming with flowers.Go and admire the rainbow of azaleas(杜鹃花) at Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St.Jamess Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.2Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivalsThere are a good many festivals and events held in London throughout spring.Make the most of the cultural exhibitions at the British Library Spring Festival，the Sundance Film Festival or the London Literature Festival；head to Shakespeares Globe，which hosts openair Shakespeare performances from late April until early October.3Get activeWarmer weather means theres no excuse for staying indoors，so go for a walking or cycling tour of London.Alternatively，walk the Thames Walkway，which follows the river all the way from central London into the countryside；make the most of Londons “Boris Bikes”，which are available for hire all around the city and are free of charge for the first half hour.If youre really looking for a challenge，sign up for the famous London Marathon，held annually in April.4Take to the watersWhether cruising(航行) along the Thames River，hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or riding a canal boat around Little Venice，there are lots of fun ways to get on the water in London.Held every year since 1829，the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race allows teams from Englands most famous universities to pete against each other，and draws huge crowds of watching people.【解题导语】作者介绍了四种在伦敦享受春光的方式。1If you are interested in British culture，you are advised to Avisit Richmond ParkBrow a boat in Hyde ParkCattend the London FestivalsDwalk the Thames WalkwayC解析：细节理解题。根据Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivals部分可知，伦敦春季有许多节日和活动，如the cultural exhibitions(文化展览)，the London Literature Festival(伦敦文学节)等，这些活动及节日与英国文化有关。故选C项。2Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AYou can see Buckingham Palace from St.Jamess Park.BLondons Boris Bikes are free to use for a whole day.COutdoor Shakespeare performances are held only in spring.DThe Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race has a history of over 200 years.A解析：细节理解题。根据Explore Londons parks and gardens部分最后一句.or hire a deckchair in St.Jamess Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.可知，在圣詹姆斯公园租一个折叠躺椅，看着白金汉宫，即能从圣詹姆斯公园看见白金汉宫。故选A项。3According to the writer，which of the following activities challenges you most?AWatching Boat Race.BJoining in London Marathon.CCruising along the Thames River.DCycling around London.B解析：细节理解题。根据Get active部分最后一句可知，如果你真的想要挑战一下，就参加每年四月举办的著名的伦敦马拉松。故选B项。4The writer wrote the text in order to Aintroduce tourist attractions in LondonBstress the importance of exploring LondonCsuggest ways to enjoy spring in LondonDshow the beauty of spring in LondonC解析：推理判断题。根据第一段.spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring Londons green spaces.可知，春天是在伦敦观光和踏青的理想时间，下文介绍了具体的活动方式。因此，本文的写作目的是推荐一些在伦敦享受春光的方式。故选C项。B(2018安庆模拟)As a child，I was generally happy，singing and dancing to my favorite songs，smiling and laughing with my friends and family.But as far back as second grade，I noticed a “darkness” about me.I didnt enjoy participating in many things.In middle school，things in my life began to get even worse.I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed(诊断)with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine.When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.Aristotle said，“To live happily is an inward power of the soul，” and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness.Happiness is a journey.Everyone seems to need different things to be happy.“The essentials(要素) to happiness are something to love，something to do，and something to hope for，”a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life.People need love.I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world.People need work to do，something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world.People need to know that more good is to e in the future，so they continue to live for “now” instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could e.Love and hope are happiness.【解题导语】作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历总结出了幸福生活的要素。5What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2?AHe hated going to sleep because he couldnt sleep well.BHe spent months recovering from the clinical depression.CHe was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven.DHe suffered a great deal from clinical depression.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的I began withdrawing from.take medicine.可知，在中学时，作者受到临床抑郁症的折磨。故选D项。6Who helped the author to be happy again?AThe authors friends.BAristotle.CThe author himself.DWilliam.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，作者并不是依赖药物而是靠自己克服病症，重新快乐起来。故选C项。7Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the authors opinion?ALove.BAmbition. CHope.DWork.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句可知，作者认为幸福的要素包括爱、希望和工作。故选B项。8What may be the best title for the text?AThe Essentials to HappinessBWays to Overe ShortingsCEveryone Needs to Be HappyDHappiness Is LoveA解析：标题归纳题。通读文章，作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历，总结出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具体阐述了要素的内容，由此可知A项契合文章主旨。C(2018成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)The Scottish poser Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl，yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards.When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds，“How do you hear？Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid，and also how it is said.Its important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫)”If you miss something or youre not sure youve heard accurately，ask the speakers.At this point youre not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and dont say.Why are they saying this now，instead of sooner or later？Why are they emphasizing these points，instead of something else?Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points，think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss，and see if any of these signals might e up.First，voices.When others speak，notice changes in their volume，pace，and tone.Second，body language.Notice gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying，or do they tell a different story？Third，emotions.What is the persons true feeling？Now you might not know for sure，but be considerate，open to understanding，and ask thoughtful questions.【解题导语】本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。9Whats the writers purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?ATo give an example of wise words.BTo introduce a worldfamous musician.CTo help explain the meaning of listening.DTo encourage us to fight against disability.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。10What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?AIt is important to have a good knowledge of English words.BPeople should know words can be used in many different ways.CEnglish is a very plicated language with a large vocabulary.DThe slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Its important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point youre not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D “词语的细微差异可能导致误解。”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。11What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?AMatch. BProve.CDescribe.DAnalyze.A解析：词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying，or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。12Which is the best title of this passage?ASpeak While You ListenBListen Beyond WordsCRead Between LinesDThink as You TalkB解析：标题归纳题。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。D(2018湖南长郡中学模拟)It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are being horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men would bee fierce tigers behind the wheel.It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the drivers seat is another matter.Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense.It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way toward reducing the possibility of quarreling and fighting.A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and bees so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such behavior of politeness is by no means enough.Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.A typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oning cars that may not be able to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in a traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings.Unfortunately, modern drivers cant even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship(公路驾车技能)Years ago，experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more giveandtake(互谅互让) from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.【解题导语】随着车辆的增多，很多司机都有可怕的路怒症，甚至不知道什么是文明交通。专家们呼吁，司机应该互谅互让，将文明驾驶牢记在心。13The passage mainly talks about Atraffic jamsBgood mannersCroad politenessDmodern driversC解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第一句及第三段第一句可知， 本文主要围绕道路文明礼貌行为展开论述。故选C项。14Troubles on the road are often caused by Atraffic jamsBthe behavior of the driversCthe great speed of modern lifeDterrible road conditionsB解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句可知， 大家都知道， 平时非常绅士的人在开车的时候也会变成一只猛虎。再根据文中对道路上司机们的种种行为的描述可判断，公路上的麻烦主要是由司机的行为引起的，故选B项。15According to the writer，a good driver should Aencourage children to cross the road whenever they want toBbeat back when forced to face rude drivingCbe able to recognize politeness when he sees itDjoin in a traffic stream quickly however other people feelC解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知， 在看到礼貌行为时，一个好司机应当能够对此有所认知。故选C项。 七选五(2018辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)Shortness of breath has many different causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.1. There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it，at least until the ambulance arrives or youre able to get the victim to a hospital.2 The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure? Take a break.Let the victim sit, stand or lie wheres the most fortable. Therere lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position. 3. Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what its for. 4. The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.Treat the cause of shortness of breath.5. Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.AHave the victim rest.BTake more exercise at the gym.CThe victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.DTherere many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.EThe victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.FEvery person is different, however，so let the victim decide what position is the most fortable.GIn many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。1G解析：本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G。2A解析：根据本段中的“The cure? Take a break.”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A。3F解析：根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F。4C解析：根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选C。5D解析：根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的，故选D。语言知识与写作规范练 完形填空(2018济南市高三针对性训练)A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.Inspiring speakers 1 thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12 2 ride.I had 3 into Dallas just for the purpose of calling on a client.Time was precious and my 4 included a quick roundtrip from and back to the airport.A 5 taxi pulled up.The driver rushed to 6 the passenger door for me and made sure I was 7 seated before he closed the door.As he got in the drivers seat，he 8 that the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use.He then showed me several 9 and asked me what type of music I would enjoy.I could not believe the 10 I was receiving！I took the opportunity to say，“ 11 you take great pride in your work.You must have a 12 to share.”“You bet，”he 13 ，“I used to be in Corporate America.But I was tired of thinking my best would never be good enough.I 14 to find my right position in life，where I could feel 15 of being the best.I love driving cars，and feeling like I have done a full days work and done it 16 So I chose to bee a 17 One thing I know for sure，to be good in my business I just have to meet the expectations of my passengers. 18 ，to be great in my business，I have to go 19 the customers expectations！”The taxi driver taught me a great life 20 ：Go an extra mile when providing any service to others.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。1A.offerBchargeCpayDaffordB解析：根据空后的“thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12”可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge表示“收费”，符合语境。2A.taxiBbusCcarDtrainA解析：根据文章第一句可知，出租车司机收作者12美元。3A.drivenBflownCranDcycledB解析：根据第二段第二句可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。4A.hopeBpurposeCplanDchoiceC解析：根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。5A.privateBroughCslowDcleanD解析：根据下文的“the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use”可推知，出租车很干净。6A.openBlockCpushDshutA解析：结合“the passenger door for me”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。7A.silentlyBfortablyCtightlyDcasuallyB解析：根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。8A.declaredBconcludedCfoundDmentionedD解析：根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention“提到”。9A.picturesBmapsCtapesDbooksC解析：根据空后的“asked me what type of music I would enjoy”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。10A.serviceBgiftCinvitationDadviceA解析：根据空后的“I was receiving”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊，不敢相信。receive the service“接受服务”。11A.ActuallyBObviouslyCGraduallyDSuddenlyB解析：由空后的“You must have a to share.”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。12A.chanceBsecretCstoryDrideC解析：根据空后的“to share”以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。13A.whisperedBarguedCsighedDrepliedD解析：根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。14A.decidedBpromisedChappenedDhesitatedA解析：根据空前的“I was tired of thinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活中合适的位置。15A.carefulBproudCafraidDcuriousB解析：根据第三段第二句的“you take great pride in your work”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。16A.earlyBrapidlyCcautiouslyDwellD解析：根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。17A.driverBdirectorCclientDspeakerA解析：根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。18A.BesidesBThereforeCHoweverDPerhapsC解析：根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However“然而”。19A.againstBwithinCoverDbeyondD解析：根据文章最后一句可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond“超出”。20A.methodBexperienceClessonDstandardC解析：根据文章开头可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。 语法填空(2018重庆重点中学协作体适应性考试)The MidAutumn Festival in China has nothing, or at least very little, to do 1. autumn. Its about time off work, and the gift that few seem to eat but people keep giving to one another：mooncakes.I 2. (learn) about mooncakes when I moved to Chinas capital city, Beijing. When the MidAutumn Festival came around, the city was 3. (live) especially with shopping for mooncakes. Every grocery store seemed to have lines of people 4. (carry) that single item(商品) to the counter. I asked my Chinese friends about mooncakes, and 5. majority of them said that few people actually ate them. Instead，6. (regard) as gifts, theyre chosen for family, friends or coworkers.When years later I moved back to New York City, I didnt expect to find any public 7. (celebrate) of the MidAutumn Festival. But Ive been surprised at the ways the festival continues in at least the citys 8. (heavy) Chinese neighborhoods. For weeks before the MidAutumn Festival, Brooklyns Chinatown，9. I live, looks a little like Beijing with people running in and out of Chinese bakeries, or standing in line at Chinese grocery stores to buy mooncakes.It looks like Chinese culture can 10. (preserve) while adapting to changing circumstances.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在北京居住时，发现中秋节前，尽管很少吃月饼，但人们仍喜欢买月饼送人。回到纽约后，作者发现纽约的中国人也这样做。作者由此发出感慨：似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。1with解析：考查介词。中国的中秋节和秋天没有或者说几乎没有一点关系。它是关于休息和似乎很少人吃但是人们仍然互相赠送的礼物“月饼”的。 have nothing/something to do with.“和无关/有关”，是固定搭配。2learned/learnt解析：考查动词的时态。当我搬到中国的首都北京时，我了解了关于月饼的一些情况。主从句的动作几乎是同时发生的，从句用了一般过去时，故主句也用一般过去时。3lively解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，且意为“气氛热闹的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容词 lively。4carrying解析：考查非谓语动词。每个杂货店似乎都排着队伍，队伍中满是拿着月饼向柜台走去的人。分析句子结构可知，people 后是非谓语动词作定语，people 与 carry 之间是主谓关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词作定语。5the解析：考查冠词。the majority of 是固定搭配，意为“中的大多数”，故填the。6regarded解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， as gifts 作状语，根据固定搭配 be regarded as “被视为”和 they(指代 mooncakes) 与 regard 之间的动宾关系可知，此处应该用过去分词作状语。7celebration(s)解析：考查名词。根据空前的any public 和空后的 of 可知，空处应该填名词 celebration(s)“庆祝活动”。8heavily解析：考查副词。此处表示“至少在这个城市有大量中国人的社区”。空处修饰形容词Chinese，且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用副词 heavily。9where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Brooklyns Chinatown，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where。10be preserved解析：考查动词的语态。似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。 preserve “保存，保留”，是及物动词，故此处用被动语态。 短文改错Mike, a famous writer, lives just next door to me. He is always ready give a helping hand to others, but he enjoys great popularity in the neighborhood.He often teaches us how to write stories and encourages me about his own experience. He told to me he was born in a poor family. As a little boy, he has a dream to bee a famous writer. He worked hardly and overcame thousands of difficulty. Finally, he entered a university in that he wrote many story books. Up till now, aging only forty, he has been very famous around the country.答案：Mike, a famous writer, lives just next door to me. He is always ready give a helping hand to others, he enj
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