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专题06 完形填空（人物或故事类、科普或环境保护类或健康类、社会现象或历史文化教育类）1.【xx年江苏省宿迁市】Once there was a girl, named Kate. She was very polite and ready to help everybody. One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school. She opened it and saw there was a lot of _16_in it. She thought she should hand it in to the teacher, so she _17_it in her schoolbag.When she went to the teachers office, her teacher wasnt _18_. As it was time for class, she hurried to the classroom.After class, she told her friend, Mary, about the money that she_19_. Then, her greedy (贪婪的) friend took away the bag.After school, Kate wanted to go to the_20_office again, but she found the money was missing.The next day when the children were playing a game, Mary fell down and was hurt very badly. The other children stood around her and didnt know_21_to do. Kate kept calm and did something to stop bleeding. She told the others to go to teachers for_22_Soon a teacher took Mary to the _23_and the doctor examined her carefully. Within a week she was all right again. Kate became very popular in the school.Two weeks later Mary came to Kate house. Her eyes were red. She was crying. She gave Kate the _24_paper bag with the money in it and said. “Kate, I have taken the money away. That day when you helped me, I felt very sad and now I decide to tell you the_25_, you are such a nice friend! _26_Please dont tell the school about this please!” then Kate said, “you are now_27_, but you have done a bad thing. Though I will not tell anyone, I want you not to be greedy and_28_ to do anything wrong.” The girl thanked Kate and_29_.At the end of the term Kate was given a _30_for being a very helpful girl in the school. Mary became an honest girl and was never greedy again. Once wrong, never be wrong forever.16. A. bread B. money C. paper D. fruit17. A. got B. caught C. kept D. sent18. A. out B. away C. off D. in19. A. found B. lost C. saved D. made20. A. workers B. doctors C. teachers D. headmasters21. A. how B. what C. when D. where22. A. help B. treatment C. action D. leave23. A. school B. classroom C. office D. hospital24. A. red B. pink C. white D. black25. A. lie B. story C. truth D. result26. A. And B. But C. Or D. So27. A. friendly B. polite C. generous D. honest28. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. usually29. A. got up B. woke up C. gave up D. cheered up30. A. prize B. laugh C. joke D. reply【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A【解析】试题分析：短文讲述了两个小女孩的故事。乐于助人的凯特在路上捡到一个钱包，想交给老师，可是被自己的同学贪婪的玛丽拿走了。第二天，玛丽在玩耍时摔伤了，凯特帮她止血并让其他同学通知老师送玛丽去了医院。玛丽很受感动，给凯特讲明了真相。凯特告诉她，诚实很重要，不要再做错事。16. 句意：她打开它，发现里面有很多钱。考查名词辨析题。根据下文After class, she told her friend, Mary, about the money that she found. Then, her greedy friend took away the bag.，可知袋子里面是钱，故选B。19. 句意：下课后，她把找到的钱告诉了她的朋友玛丽。考查动词辨析题。that shefound作the money的后置定语；根据前文One day she found a pink paper bag on the way to school. She opened it and saw there was a lot of money in it.，可知选A。20. 句意：放学后，凯特又想去老师的办公室，但她发现钱不见了。考查名词所有格辨析题。again又，再；根据前文When she went to the teachers office, her teacher wasnt in.，结合句意语境，可知选C。21. 句意：其他的孩子都站在她身边，不知道该做什么。考查宾语从句引导词。A. how怎样，问状况/方式，do后要有宾语；B. what什么，问事/物，做do的宾语；C. when什么时候，问时间；D. where在哪里，问地点。由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。本句是宾语从句的简略形式，what做do的宾语；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。22. 句意：她告诉其他人去找老师帮忙。考查名词辨析题。A. help帮助，帮忙；B. treatment治疗，对待；C. action行动，作用；D. leave辞别，许可。根据下文Soon a teacher took Mary to the hospital and the doctor examined her carefully.，结合句意语境，可知有老师帮助了她，故选A。25. 句意：现在我决定告诉你真相。考查名词辨析题。A. lie谎言；B. story故事；C. truth真相；D. result结果。根据句意语境，可知truth符合语境，故选C。26. 句意：所以请不要把这件事告诉学校！考查连词辨析题。A. And和，表并列；B. But但是，表转折；C. Or或者，表选择；D. So所以，表因果。本句前后是因果关系，需用so连接；根据句意语境，可知选D。27. 句意：你现在很诚实，但你做了错事。考查形容词辨析题。根据句意语境，玛丽讲出了真相，可知是诚实的，故选D。28. 句意：虽然我不会告诉任何人，但我希望你不要贪婪，不要做任何错事。考查副词辨析题。A. never从不，表完全否定；B. seldom很少，表（不完全）否定；C. sometimes有时；D. usually通常。and连接并列结构，根据句意语境，可知never符合句意，故选A。29. 句意：这个女孩（玛丽）感谢凯特并欢呼起来。考查动词短语辨析题。A. got up起床；B. woke up醒来；C. gave up放弃；D. cheered up欢呼。根据句意语境，可知前面三个选项都与句意不合，故选D。30. 句意：学期结束时，凯特因为在学校里是一个非常乐于助人的女孩而获奖。考查名词辨析题。A. prize奖励（品）；B. laugh嘲笑；C. joke玩笑；D. reply答复。根据句意语境，可知prize符合文意，故选A。点睛：完型填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配，结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。 2.【xx年江西中考】A)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There are purple clothes, purple handbags, purple bicycles, purple furniture, even purple computers! So purple is one of the most_9_colors today. But in the past, purple was a very expensive and unusual color. Lets take a look at the rich_10_of the color purple.Some scientists believe that the first plants to appear on Earth over 500 million years ago_11_looked purple, not green. Plants today are green because_12_use green chlorophyll (叶绿素) to produce energy._13_these early plants probably used something called retinal, which is a dark purple color.During the time of the roman Empire (37 BC-476 AD), it was very_14_to make purple dye (染料). The dye came from sea snails (海螺) .But10.000 dead sea snails_15_you just one gram (克)of purple dye as well as a very bad smell! This_16_purple dye was called Tyrian purple, and it was the preferred_17_of emperors.In 16th-century England, purple was_18_for the kings family members. Queen Elizabeth Is clothes were purple, but ordinary people were not allowed to_19_the color.In 1856. William Perkin, an 18-year-old_20_student, noticed something strange while doing an experiment (实验). The chemicals (化学药品) he used to clean his instruments_21_with the chemicals he used in his experiment and produced a bright purple color. This_22_Perkin to start a company using this chemical mixture to make purple dye. The dye was much_23_than sea snail dye. Thanks to Perkin, now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes.9. A. peaceful B. popular C. exciting D. serious10. A. history B. style C. research D. product11. A. gradually B. especially C. exactly D. probably12. A. others B. they C. we D. some13. A. And B. So C. But D. Until14. A. dangerous B. common C. difficult D. strange15. A. got B. passed C. wasted D. cost16. A. basic B. harmful C. special D. perfect17. A. color B. smell C. plant D. animal18. A. even B. never C. seldom D. only19. A. wear B. sell C. change D. make20. A. geography B. science C. art D. math21. A. compared B. mixed C. collected D. kept22. A. survey B. suggestion C. discovery D. exam23. A. healthier B. thicker C. cheaper D. darker【答案】9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. C【解析】试题分析：这篇说明文通过对比和举例，介绍了紫色的来历和发展，说明紫色曾经是是一种非常昂贵和不寻常的颜色，但在科学家Perkin的努力下，用两种化学混合物制造紫色染料，终于使紫色成为当今最流行的颜色之一。11. 句意：5亿多年前出现在地球上的第一批植物可能看起来是紫色的，而不是绿色的。考查副词辨析题。A. gradually渐渐地；B. especially尤其；C. exactly真地；D. probably可能。本句表推测，需用probably；根据句意语境，可知选D。12. 句意：今天的植物是绿色的，因为它们用绿色的叶绿素产生能量。考查代词辨析题。空格指代上文的plants，复数形式，需用they；根据句意语境，可知选B。13. 句意：但是这些早期的植物可能使用了一种叫做视网膜的东西，它是一种深紫色。考查连词辨析题。空格前后是现在的和早期的对比，属于转折关系，需用but连接；根据句意语境，可知选C。14. 句意：在罗马帝国时期，很难制造紫色染料。考查形容词辨析题。根据下文The dye came from sea snails. But 10.000 dead sea snails got you just one gram of purple dye10只死海蜗牛只得到一克紫色染料，可知很难得，故选C。15. 句意：染料来自海螺。但是10000只死海蜗牛只给了你一克紫色染料。考查动词辨析题。A. got得到；B. passed通过；C. wasted浪费；D. cost价值。根据句意语境，可知后面三项意思都与句意不合，故选A。16. 句意：这种特殊的紫色染料被称为提利紫色，它是皇帝的首选颜色。考查形容词辨析题。根据前文The dye came from sea snails. 染料来自海蜗牛，可知很特别，故选C。17. 句意：它是皇帝的首选颜色。考查名词辨析题。根据上文was called Tyrian purple，可知是颜色，A. basic基础的；B. harmful有害的；D. perfect完美的，均不合句意，可排除。故选A。20. 句意：1856年，18岁的理科学生William Perkin在做实验时注意到一些奇怪的东西。考查名词辨析题。根据下文The chemicals he used to clean his instruments mixed with the chemicals he used in his experiment and produced a bright purple color.，两种化学药品混合产生了反应（产生紫色），可知做的是科学实验，故选B。21. 句意：他用来清洗仪器的化学药品与他在实验中使用的化学药品混合，产生了明亮的紫色。考查动词辨析题。mix with（使）与混合；根据句意语境，可知选B。22. 句意：这一发现使Perkin创办了一家用这种化学混合物生产紫色染料的公司。考查名词辨析题。根据上文William Perkin, noticed something strange while doing an experiment. Perkin可知是在做实验时注意到的，所以是他的发现，故选C。23. 句意：这种染料比海螺染料便宜得多。考查形容词比较级。根据下文Thanks to Perkin, now anyone can afford to wear purple clothes. 任何人都买得起紫色衣服，可知更便宜，故选C。点睛：完型填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配，结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。3.【xx年山东聊城地区中考】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A boy and a girl were playing together. The boy had a lot of small glass _1_. The girl had some candies with her. The boy told the girl that he would_2_her all his balls in exchange for (交换) her candies. The girl thought that was a good_3_.But the boy didnt give_4_of his balls to the girl. He kept the biggest and the_5_ball in his pocket and gave the others to the girl. _6_the girl gave him all her candies.That night, the girl had a _7_sleep, but the boy didnt sleep well. He kept thinking whether the girl had _8_some candies from him.You think in the way you do things. If you don t give your hundred percent(百分之百) in a relationship, youll _9_ keep thinking if the other person has given his or her hundred percent. This is true for any relationship.Give your hundred percent to everything you do and youll find that you can always_10_a lot of happiness.1. A. balls B. cups C. bottles2. A. lend B. buy C. give3. A. answer B. idea C. reason4. A. all B. most C. some5. A. ugliest B. cheapest C. prettiest6. A. But B. So C. Or7. A. bad B. good C. light8. A. borrowed B. stolen C. hidden9. A. always B. never C. seldom10. A. lose B. get C. want【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B2. 句意：这个男孩告诉这个女孩，他给她他所有的球换她的糖。A. lend借； B. buy买； C. give给；根据in exchange for (交换) her candies.可知是给；故选C3. 句意：这个小女孩认为那是个好主意。A. answer 回答； B. idea 主意； C. reason原因；根据The boy told the girl that he would_2_her all his balls in exchange for (交换) her candies. 这个男孩告诉这个女孩，他给她他所有的球换她的糖。可知是主意；故选B4. 句意：但是这个男孩没把他所有的球给这个小女孩。A. all 都，所有的； B. most 最多； C. some一些；根据He kept the biggest and the_5_ball in his pocket and gave the others to the girl他在口袋里留了个最大最漂亮的，把其他的给了小女孩。可知是没给所有的；故选A5. 句意：他在口袋里留了个最大最漂亮的，把其他的给了小女孩。A. ugliest 最丑； B. cheapest最便宜； C. prettiest最漂亮；根据句意应是最大最漂亮的留下了；故选C8. 句意：他一直在想小女孩是否藏了一些糖。A. borrowed 借； B. stolen 偷； C. hidden藏；根据上文He kept the biggest and the_5_ball in his pocket and gave the others to the girl他在口袋里留了个最大最漂亮的，可知他也认为别人和他一样，是否藏了一些；故选C9. 句意：你总是一直想其他人是否给了百分百。A. always总是； B. never 从不； C. seldom很少；根据but the boy didnt sleep well. He kept thinking whether the girl had _8_some candies from him.小男孩没睡好，一直想小女孩是否和他一样也藏了一些糖；故选A10. 句意：你将会发现你会得到很多幸福。A. lose 失去； B. get 得到； C. want想要；根据文章小女孩付出百分百，睡得很好，小男孩没有付出百分百，睡得不好，可知如果你百分百付出，你就会得到很多幸福。故选B4.【xx年陕西省中考】One day. David and his friends talked about who their closest_1_were. When it was his turn, he said, My best friend is Amy,_2_81-year-old woman living in Florida.Their friendship came_3_a game. In the game, David and Amy were on the same team. After this game, they became good friends. David even told her about his dream of music. However, life was hard for David at that time. He hardly_4_time or money to play music. Most of the time. he had to work in a restaurant. He felt that his dream was hopeless(无望的). _5_he almost lost heart, Amy gave him lots of help and supported his dream. Two years later, he decided_6_to New York for his dream. There he held his first concert successfully.After the concert, a famous reporter in New York heard of their story. He wanted to know what _7_. So he flew to Florida to interview her. To his surprise, the friendship between Amy and David was_8_than he could imagine.Later, many people_9_by this story. But Amy thought it was nothing. She said, As friends, we_10_give a hand when they need.1. A. friend B. friends C. classmate D. classmates2. A. the B. / C. a D. an3. A. from B. below C. to D. at4. A. have B. had C. has had D. will have5. A. Before B. When C. Unless D. If6. A. go B. going C. to go D. gone7. A. Amy was like B. was Amy like C. is Amy like D. Amy is like8. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful9. A. is moved B. are moved C. was moved D. were moved10. A. should B. would C. mustnt D. cant【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A【解析】本文讲述了两个人之间令人感动的友谊故事。3. 句意：她们的友谊来自一次比赛。A.从B.在下面C.到D. 在。come from意为“来自”，在描述友谊的缘起，故选A。4. 句意：他几乎没有时间或金钱去玩音乐。这里是在描述过去的事情，讲述他过去“没有”，所以使用hardly had，故选B。 5. 句意：当他几乎失去了信心的时候，他觉得他的梦想是无望的。A.在之前B.当C.除非D.如果。when引导的是时间状语从句，描述的是“当时”，其他的连词表达的意思不合句意，故选 B。6. 句意：两年后，他决定去纽约为了他的梦想。decide to do意为“决定去做”，本句中是“decide to go”，故选C。 9. 句意：后来，很多人被这个故事感动了。move有“感动”的意思，人们只能是“被感动”，所以要用被动语态，加之是在描述过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，所以要填were moved，故选D。 10. 句意：作为朋友，我们应该在他们需要的时候伸出援手。. A.应该B.将C.禁止D.不能。这里想表达的是“应该”之意，故选 A。 5.【xx年四川成都市】 完形填空阅读下面两篇短文,根据短文内容,从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。While many Chinese students go abroad to learn western culture, foreign students come to China. In order to get close to_16_Chinese culture, last July, 55 students and teachers from Germany came to China and joined a(n) _17_camp. They visited several schools in Chengdu, Sichuan. At Huaxin High School, they made dumplings, played tai chi, did paper-cuts and learned calligraphy(书法). To help them_18_more about China, Chinese students led these foreign _19_to some places of interest.In recent years, there are more cultural exchanges between Germany and China. Almost 400 German schools have Chinese classes. Over 8,000 students study in China. The situation is the same to China. Chinese students are one of the_20_foreign student groups in Germany.16. A. modern B. traditional C. international17. A. summer B. autumn C. winter18. A. write B. read C. know19. A. guests B. teachers C. artists20. A. richest B. largest C. smallest【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】这篇短文主要讲述了中外文化的互相学习和交流。16. 句意：外国学生老师来中国，为了接近中国的传统文化。A. modern当代的；B. traditional传统的；C. international国际的。根据上文While many Chinese students go abroad to learn western culture可知，这里是说中国的传统文化。故选B。19. 句意：为了帮助他们更多的了解中国，中国学生们带领这些外国客人去参观一些名胜。A. guests客人；B. teachers老师；C. artists艺术家；这里是指外国客人。故选A。20. 句意：在德国中国学生是最大的外国学生团队之一。one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词的复数。根据Over 8,000 students study in China.可知是最大的团队之一。A. richest最富有的；B. largest最大的；C. smallest最小的。故选B点睛：我们在做阅读理解题时，就要明确初中阅读理解考查的主要内容,在此基础上,快速阅读全文,了解文章大意;在了解文章的基础上,抓住首尾句;认真仔细、逐步答题;平心静气,不急躁,仔细检查,减少误差。严格说来,阅读理解主要要求是:1.掌握阅读主旨大意,用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节;2.既理解具体事实,也理解抽象的概念;3.既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度以及意图等。6.【xx年四川成都市】 There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill. All the children used to go and ask her questions. She always gave them_21_answers.There was a little boy among the children. One day he caught a little bird and held it in his hands without anybody seeing it. Suddenly he had an idea and asked his friends to_22_.“Lets_23_the old lady,” he said. “Ill ask her what Im holding in my hands. Of course, shell answer that I have a bird. Then Ill ask her if the bird is alive or dead. If she says the bird is dead, then Ill_24_my hands and let the bird fly away. If she says the bird is alive, Ill quickly_25_it and show her the dead bird. Either way, she11 be_26_”The children agreed this was a clever plan. So _27_ the hill they all went to the old ladys house.“Granny, we have a_28_for you,” they all shouted. “Whats in my hands?” the little boy asked.“Why, of course it must be a bird,” the old lady replied.“But is it alive or dead?” the boy asked_29_.All the boys_30_ her answer and got ready to laugh at her.The old lady thought for a moment and then replied, Its up to you, my child. If you re kind enough, itll be alive.”21. A. funny B. perfect C. impolite22. A. play with it B. go back home C. go with him23. A. play a trick on B. make friends with C. pay a visit to24. A. open B. raise C. shake25. A. save B. free C. kill26. A. right B. wrong C. wise27. A. up B. down C. across28. A. question B. bird C. present29. A. calmly B. worriedly C. excitedly30. A. listened to B. waited for C. thought of【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B【解析】这篇短文主要讲述了山上有一位明智的老人，人们有问题总是向她去请教。有一天有个男孩想带其他的男孩去糊弄她。21. 句意：她总是给他们完美的答案。A. funny有趣的；B. perfect完美的；C. impolite不礼貌；根据上文There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill. All the children used to go and ask her questions.可知下文是完美的答案，故选B。24. 句意：然后我将打开我的手，让那只鸟飞走。A. open打开；B. raise筹集；C. shake摇晃。根据上文If she says the bird is dead可知，这里是张开手。故选A。25. 句意：如果她说鸟是活的，我将快速杀死它，出示她那只死鸟。A. save拯救；B. free免费的；C. kill杀死；根据下文 show her the dead bird.可知是杀死那只鸟。故选C。26. 句意：她将是错误的。A. right正确的；B. wrong错误的；C. wise明智的。根据上文If she says the bird is dead, then Ill_4_my hands and let the bird fly away. If she says the bird is alive, Ill quickly_5_it and show her the dead bird.可知，是错误的。故选B。27. 句意：因此他们都朝着山上那位老人房子走去。A. up向上；B. down向下；C. across横穿；这里是向上爬山。故选A。28. 句意：他们都喊：“奶奶，我们有一个问题问你”A. question问题；B. bird鸟；C. present礼物。这里是说孩子们问问题。故选A。29. 句意：但是它是死的还是活的？这个男孩问激动地问。A. calmly平静地；B. worriedly担心地；C. excitedly激动地。在这里可知是那个男孩激动地问。故选C。7.【xx年四川广安市中考】Once a gentleman was traveling in a train. He felt _6_ and got down at a station to look for some water. But when he got to the water tap, the train had started. He ran back but _7_ the train.It was getting late and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked about the next _8_ . He came to know that the next train was on the other day. So he decided to find a place for a days stay It was getting _9_ and he could not find a place near the station.At last he reached a small village. He asked a villager _10_ he could stay in his house for a night. The villager agreed. The villager cooked him food and _11_ him a room to stay. But he did not ask for anything in return.At seven in the evening, the gentleman heard a knock at the door, The villager opened the door. It was a _12_ man in black. He asked the man to pay his debts (债务).The next morning, the gentleman _13_ some money on the bed. When the villager found the money, he also found a note. It said: You _14_ me but didnt want any pay from me.Yesterday I heard the conversation between you and the rich man. I knew that you were in need of _15_ . This is what you need.6. A. hungry B. thirsty C. tired D. busy7. A. caught B. missed C. got D. saw8. A. bus B. ship C. plane D. train9. A. dark B. clean C. dirty D. quiet10. A. and B. or C. if D. but11. A. gave B. built C. had D. bought12. A. poor B. rich C. ugly D. nice13. A. forgot B. remembered C. left D. borrowed14. A. cooked B. taught C. talked D. helped15. A. food B. money C. time D. house【答案】6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】本文讲了一个意外错过火车的绅士去村里借宿，村民慷慨地为他提供了住宿，他也在得知了村民的难处后为村民提供了自己的帮助。6. 句意：他感到口渴，在车站下来寻找水。A.饥饿的B.口渴的C.累的D.忙的，因为寻找水，所以说明他“口渴”，故选B。
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