七年级英语下册 Unit 3 How do you get to school Section A备课资料 （新版）人教新目标版.doc

Unit 3 Section A1. How does Mary get to school?玛丽怎样上学呢?(1)这是特殊疑问句,how可用于询问方式方法。如:How do you usually go to school?你通常怎样去上学?On foot.步行。(2)get to意思是“到达”,其后可接地点名词。如:How can I get to Lantian Education?怎么到蓝天教育?Take a No.2 bus and get off at Tengzhou Peoples Hospital.坐2路车在滕州人民医院下车。辨析：get to,arrive和reachget to后面常接表示地点的名词,若后接home,here,there等副词,则get之后省略to。arrive不及物动词,后面带地点时需加介词in或at,一般大地点用arrive in,小地点用arrive at。如果不接地点,则直接用arrive。reachreach是及物动词,后面可直接跟宾语,一般不接地点副词。如:Please call me when you get to Nanjing. =Please call me when you reach Nanjing.=Please call me when you arrive in Nanjing.请你到达南京时给我打电话。2. She takes the subway.她乘地铁上学。take the subway意思是“乘地铁”;“take +交通工具”表示“搭乘”,类似的结构还有take a bus乘公共汽车,take a plane乘飞机,take a boat乘船,take a train乘火车,take a taxi乘出租车;注意“骑自行车”表达为ride a bike。如:I usually take a bus to school.我通常坐公共汽车去上学。【拓展】表示搭乘交通方式,还可用“go/come/get+ by +交通方式”的结构,这种结构可与“take +交通工具”或ride a bike互换。如:I get to school on foot. =I walk to school.我步行到校。I get to school by bike. =I ride my bike to school.我骑自行车到校。I get to school by bus. =I take the bus to school.我乘公共汽车到校。【易错警醒】on foot,by bike,by bus,by subway,by train,by car等词组,名词前不能加任何冠词或其他修饰词。3. How far is it from your home to school?从你家到学校多远?(1)how far意思是“多远”,用于询问“距离”。如:How far is it from your home to the bank?从你家到银行有多远?Its about 20 minutes walk. 步行20分钟。(2)from.to意思是“从到”。如:We have classes from Monday to Friday.星期一到星期五我们上课。4. The bus ride takes about 20 minutes.乘公共汽车要花20分钟。(1)the bus ride意思是“坐公共汽车”。(2)take意思是“花费,耗费(时间或金钱)”,通常用某件事情作其主语;常用句式为:It takes(sb.) some time to do sth.,表示“做某事花费(某人)多长时间”。其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。该句型的时态变化应体现在take上。如:It usually takes me 20 minutes to get to school by bike.我骑自行车到校通常要20分钟。辨析：take,spend,cost和paytaketake后面可跟双宾语,常用It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。如:It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。spendspend的主语必须是人,常用spend time/money on sth.在上花费时间(金钱)。spend time/money(in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。如:I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。They spent two years(in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。costcost的主语是物,还可以表示“值”,常用sth. costs(sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。A new iphone 5 costs a lot of money.买一部新苹果5要花一大笔钱。paypay的基本用法是:pay(sb.) money for sth.付钱(给某人)买;pay for sth.付的钱;pay for sb.替某人付钱。如:How much did you pay for the book?你花多少钱买这本书?5. How long does it take you to get to school?你上学要花多长时间?how long意思是“多长时间,多久”,用于询问时间的长短。如:How long does it take to get to Beijing from here?从这里到北京要多长时间?At least five hours.至少要5个小时。辨析：how long,how many,how much,how old,how far与how soonhow soon多久(以后)How soon will he be back to Beijing?他还要多久回北京?how long多久;多长How long are you staying here?你在这里要待多长时间?How long is the Great Wall?长城有多长?how many多少How many minutes are there in an hour?一个小时有多少分钟?how much多少(可以问价格)How much milk does he drink every day?他每天喝多少牛奶?How much are the apples?这些苹果多少钱?how old多大(年龄)How old is the baby?这个婴儿多大?how far多远How far is it from Beijing to Shanghai?从北京到上海多远?例1 _do you go to school every day?By bus.A. How B. Why C. Where D. When【解析】考查特殊疑问词的用法。by bus 表示“乘车”的意思,而how是表示乘车的方式,why表示原因,where表示地点,when表示时间。【答案】A。例2 Her mother goes to work_bus every morning.A. by B. at C. on D. in【解析】考查介词的用法。句意为“她妈妈每天早晨坐公共汽车去上班”,by bus为固定搭配,意思是“乘坐公共汽车”。【答案】A。例3 It took me two weeks_reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. Finishing【解析】本题考查动词不定式的用法。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人多少时间做某事”是个固定句型,故答案选B项,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。【答案】B。例4 _is the dictionary?Its $22.95.A. How old B. How long C. How thick D. How much【解析】考查疑问副词的用法。how old 表示多大岁数,how long表示多长时间,how thick表示多厚,how much表示多少钱。此题的答语是表示的价钱,所以用D。【答案】D。例5 How_will the boss be back?In these days.A. far B. soon C. long D. often【解析】考查形容词的辨析。how far意为“多远”,how soon意为“多久”,how long意为“多长”,how often意为“多久一次”。根据下文回答“三天之后”,可知答案选B。【答案】B。