语法2情态动词及动词的时态语态.ppt

第二章情态动词及动词的时态语态、情态动词：一、高考重点内容：1、can与beableto1）、表示能力时一般可以替换使用。,中学英语语法总复习,2）、表示“某事已成功”时，只能用was/wereableto而不用could.eg.Hewasabletocometothepartyontimeinspiteoftheheavyrain.,3）、Idaresay之后常接不带that的从句。意为“我想是这样”。eg.Idaresayyoureright.,2）、作实义动词时，dare之后可不带“to”，但daring之后一定跟todo.eg.Beingachild,hesatattheback,neverdaringtospeak.,2、need与dare1）、作情态动词一般用在疑问句，否定句和条件从句中。,3、shall与should1）、表示求对方意见一般用在第一或第三人称的疑问句中。（第二人称一般用will）eg.Shalltheboywaitoutsidetheoffice?,2）、shall用在第二、第三人称可以表示许诺、命令、警告或威胁等。eg.YoushallhavethebookassoonasIfinishreadingit.,3）、表示惊奇、不同意或特别强调可用should。（常用在问句或惊叹句）eg.Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?,4）、should可以用来表示某种估计的情况，可译为“按理说或估计”等意思。eg.Theyshouldbetherebynow,Ithink.,4、will与would1）、wont与wouldnt均可表示“拒绝”。eg.1)Hewouldntansweranyquestionsatthemeeting.,2)Hewontdowhatheistold.,2）、可表示过去的习惯动作。cf.usedto,5、表示猜测的表达法。1）、对目前事情的猜测：a)肯定的用mustbe或mustbedoing,b)否定的用cantbe,c)疑问的用can,d)有一定可能的用maybe,2）、对过去事情的猜测：a)肯定的用musthavedone,b)否定的用cant(couldnt)havedone,c)疑问的用can或could,d)有一定可能的用mighthavedone,6、表示本来不必做的事而实际上又做了。要用neednthavedone。,7、表示本应该做的事情，而实际上没做，要用shouldhavedone或oughttohavedone而表示本不应该做的事情，而实际上做了，要用shouldnothavedone或oughtnottohavedone,二.高考试题剖析:1）Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.(NMET95)A.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen答案,D,2)Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.(NMET95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can答案,C,3)Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.(NMET96)A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldnt答案,B,4)Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone_getout.(NMET97)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto答案,D,5)“WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.”“They_bereadyby12:00.”(NMET98)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need答案,B,6)“IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.”“Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.”(NMET98)A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed答案,A,7)-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.(NMET99)A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont答案,B,8)-AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?-Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.(NMET2000)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might答案,D,9)Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.(NMET2001)A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleftD.needntleave答案：,B,10)IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthe_not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may答案(NMET2002),D,11)Susan_writtenareportlikethis.(95上海卷)A.canhaveB.mustnthaveC.canthaveD.oughttonothave答案：,C,12)Iwonderhowhe_thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresaying（95上海卷）C.notdaresayD.daredsay答案,D,13)Whenhewasthere,he_gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.(96上海卷)A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might答案,A,15)Sir,you_besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.(96上海卷)A.oughtnttoB.cantC.wontD.neednt答案,14)YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she_somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.said(96上海卷)C.mightsayD.mighthavesaid答案,D,A,17)“CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?”“Yes,you_.”（98上海卷）A.willB.couldC.mayD.might答案,16)Jack_yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.(97上海卷)A.mustnthavearrivedB.shouldnthavearrivedC.canthavearrivedD.neednothavearrived答案,C,C,18)Therewasalotoffunatyesterdaysparty.You_come,butwhydidntyou?（99上海卷）A.musthaveB.shouldC.needhaveD.oughttohave答案,D,19)MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_yourlecture.(2000上海卷)A.couldnthaveattendedB.neednthaveattendedC.mustnthaveattendedD.shouldnthaveattended答案,A,21)Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海卷)A.canB.willC.mayD.shall答案,20)Youcantimaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_besorudetoalady.(2001上海卷)A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would答案,C,D,22)Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.-It_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.wontbe(2002北京卷)C.couldntbeD.mustntbe答案,C,、动词的时态与语态一、高考主要内容：A.时态1、一般现在时：1）、注意第三人称为主语时动词的变化。,2）、时刻表的表达一般都用一般时。,2、一般过去时1）、有些动词常用过去时。如：forget,know,think,realize及recognize,etc.,2）、叙述在过去一段时间里发生的事情，常用过去时。,3）、叙述死人的事情，一般用过去时。,4）、事情已发生，问在什么时间或地点发生的要用过去时。,3、一般将来时1）、cf.begoingto，betodo与beabouttodo,2）、在条件或时间状语从句中要用一般时态表示将来发生的事情。（主将从现）,4、现在进行时：1）、have,be,hear,see,like,remember,find及sound等一般不用进行时。,2）、go,come,start,leave及arrive可用进行时表示将来。,3）、bealwaysdoing表示正在干，常有责备或表扬之意。,4）、beaskingfortrouble习惯都用进行时。,5、过去进行时：1）、过去某一时刻或某一时间（一般有强调）正在进行的动作，一般用过去进行时。,2）、两个动作同时发生在过去某一时刻，这时终止性动词一般用过去时，持续性动词一般用过去进行时。,6、现在完成时：1）、终止性动词的完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的这类动词有：come,go,become,die,marry,begin,start,buy,join及leave等。注意使用Its+一段时间since句型。,2）、含有以下的短语的状语句子，常用现在完成时：sofar,for+一段时间，since+点上时间，recently,inthelast(past)+一段时间，thesedays及thismonth(week,year)等。,3）、先行词如有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，定语从句常用现在完成时。,4）、cf.havebeento,havegoneto及havebeenin,5）、注意用完成时时ever与never的区别。eg.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.,7、过去完成时：1)、在过去某一时刻之前已完成的动作一般要用过去完成时。常见的状语有bythetimeof+过去时间或bythetime+从句（用过去时）。,2）、两个动作都发生在过去，早发生的动作要用过去完成时，迟发生的动作要用一般过去时。,3）、动词hope,wish,expect,think,intend或mean若用过去完成时，它表示过去想做而因某种原因而没做成。eg.WehadthoughttopayavisittoourEnglishteacherlastnight,butwehadtoomuchwork.,4）、注意在宾语从句中过去完成时的应用。,5）、叙述过去发生事情的原因时,一般用过去完成时。,8、过去将来时：该时态常用在宾语从句中。,9、现在完成进行时：该时态强调动作刚刚完成或要继续下去。,10、过去完成进行时：该时态表示过去某时刻之前动作刚完成或要继续下去。,B.语态：1、系动词与半系动词一般无被动态。,2、以下动词短语不用被动态。begin,happen,cost,last,appear,belongto,breakout及takeplace等,3、want,need,require+Ving主动形式，表示被动态概念。eg.Theseyoungtreesneedwatering.,4、有些动词用主动式表示被动概念。常见的动词：sell,wash,shut,write及read等。eg.Thewindowwontshut.,二.高考试题剖析:1)-Yourphonenumberagain?I_quitecatchit.-Its9568442.(NMET95)A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cant答案,A,2)-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.-Yes,italldependsontheweather.(NMET95)A.IvebeentoldB.IvetoldC.ImtoldD.Itold答案,A,3)Youdontneedtodescribeher.I_herseveraltimes.(NMET95)A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet答案,B,IdontthinkJimsawme;he_intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaring(NMET95)C.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared答案,B,5)Asshe_thenewspaper,Granny_asleep.(NMET95)A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell答案,B,6)-_myglasses?-Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.A.DoyouseeB.Hadyouseen(NMET96)C.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen答案,D,7)Helen_herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_home.(NMET96)A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome答案,C,8)IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_ataradioshopatthetime.(NMET97)A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked答案,B,9)-Isthisraincoatyours?-No,mine_therebehindthedoor.A.ishangingB.hashung(NMET97)C.hangsD.hung答案,A,10)-WhoisJerryCooper?-_?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.（NMET97）A.DontyoumeethimyetB.HadntyoumethimyetC.DidntyoumeethimyetD.Haventyoumethimyet答案,D,11)-Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?-I_,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did答案(NMET97),C,12)“Nancyisnotcomingtonight.”“Butshe_!”(NMET98)A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised答案,B,13)Shirley_abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdontknowwhethershehasfinishedit.(NMET98)A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting答案,D,14)“Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.”(NMET98)“Iamtired.I_thelivingroomallday.”A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted答案,C,16)-Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!-Oh,Imterriblysorry._.(NMET99)A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.IhaventnoticedD.Idontnotice答案,15)Theprice_,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodown(NMET99)C.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown答案,C,B,17)-Youveleftthelighton.-Oh,soIhave._andturnitoff.A.IllgoB.Ivegone(NMET2000)C.IgoD.Imgoing答案,A,18)-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,I_asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.A.didntfeelB.wasntfeeling(NMET2000)C.dontfeelD.haventfelt答案,D,19)ThereportersaidthattheUFO_easttowestwhenhesawit.(NMET2000)A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel答案,A,20）Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_sorapidly.A.ischangingB.haschanged(NMET2001)C.willhavechangedD.willchange答案,A,21)I_ping-pongquitewell,butIhaventhadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(NMET2001)A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play答案,D,22)Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.request(NMET2001)C.arerequestingD.arerequested答案,D,23)Youhaventsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?-Imsorry.I_anythingaboutitsooner,Icertainlythinkitsprettyonyou.(NMET2002)A.wasntsayingB.dontsayC.wontsayD.didntsay答案,D,24)IwonderwhyJenny_usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(NMET2002)A.hasntwrittenB.doesntwriteC.wontwriteD.hadntwritten答案,A,25)-Oh,itsyou!I_you.-Ivejusthadmyhaircut,andImwearingnewglasses.(96上海卷)A.didntrecognizeB.hadntrecognizedC.haventrecognizedD.dontrecognize答案,A,26)-IhaventheardfromHenryforalongtime.-Whatdoyousuppose_tohim?A.washappeningB.tohappen（97上海卷）C.hashappenedD.hadhappened答案,C,27)Myuncle_untilhewasforty-five.A.marriedB.didntmarry（2000上海卷）C.wasnotmarryingD.wouldmarry答案,B,28)Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_.(2000上海卷)A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive答案,B,HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduateB.willhavegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate答案(2002上海卷),C,30)Willyougoskiingwithmethiswintervacation?_It_.(2002上海卷)A.alldependB.alldependsC.isalldependedD.isalldepending答案,B,31)Thelittlegirl_herheartout,becauseshe_hertoyandbelievedshewasntevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried;lostB.cried;hadlostC.hascried;haslostD.cries;haslost答案(2002北京卷),B,32)Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?Ofcourse.Whatisit?I_ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonder答案(2002北京卷),B,