英语易考点、重难点集锦.pptx

英语易考点、重难点集锦,单词记忆方法：读音记忆法（条件反射）；词根记忆法（前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性）；滚雪球记忆法；零碎时间记忆法；联想记忆法：pest;ambulance;ambition;bachelor;pregnant;ponderous;admire,英语九大词性：冠词artl.(a;an;the)介词prep.(介词后加名词或动名词)连词conj.代词pron.名词n.(可数名词单数不能独立使用)动词v.(一个句子只能有一个动词)形容词adj.(修饰名词)副词adv.(修饰动词、形容词、副词及句子)非谓语动词non-finiteverb.（todo;doing;done）,系动词1.Be动词;2.感官v.：seem;sound;taste;feel;smell;3.保持类v.：keep;stay;remain；4.变化类v.：cometrue;gobad;becomered;getbored;fallasleep;proveright=turnout(tobe)right,从句三大类：1.定语从句2.名词性从句3.状语从句,1.定语从句：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句HehastwoshirtswhichareboughtfromNike.Hehastwoshirts,whichareboughtfromNike.连接词：关系代词：who;whom;whose;which;that;as关系副词：when;where;why定语从句缺成分用关系代词；不缺成分用关系副词，what不能引导定语从句。,2.名词性从句：1）主语从句(句子做主语；it做形式主语)2）宾语从句（及物动词后；介词后；形容词后）3）表语从句（放在系动词后面）4）同位语从句（news;suggestion;advice;idea;command;order;fact;message;thought等名词后）名词性从句缺成分用what，不缺成分用that;when;where;whether等。,3.状语从句：时间状语从句：when;while;as;till;until地点状语从句:where;wherever条件状语从句原因状语从句:because;as;since;for结果状语从句:so.that目的状语从句:sothat让步状语从句:though;although;as比较方式,词性变化freefreedomwisewisdomdescribedescriptionpronounce-pronunciationcomplaincomplaint/weighweightexplain-explanationcomplex-complexity,-al结尾的名词refuse-refusalarrive-arrivalpropose-proposalremove-removalapprove-approvalsurvive-survival-survivor,-al结尾的形容词professionalnaturaltraditionalagriculturalmusicalnationalpersonalglobalemotionalelectricalpracticalenvironmentaloriginaladditionallyeducationalcoastalregionaloccasionally,-ial结尾的形容词partialpotentialinfluentialbeneficialofficial,-ation结尾的名词exploit-exploitation;explore-exploration;observe-observation;explain-explanation;combine-combination;imagine-imagination;pronounce-pronunciation;declare-declaration;invite-invitation;consider-consideration;admire-admiration;inspire-inspiration;,-ation结尾的名词relax-relaxation;adapt-adaptation;present-presentation;prepare-preparation;realize-realization;organize-organization;civilize-civilization;modernize-modernization;urbanize-urbanization;limit-limitation;examine-examination;reserve-reservation;expect-expectation;starve-starvation,词义辨析especially(尤其);specially(特意地，专门地)series;works;means;crossroads;species;sheepwrap;pack;load;cover;foldrise;raise(6);arisesymbol(2);signal;sign(2);sigh；markviolence;force;power;strength;energy;abilityexport;exploit;explore;explodefit;suit;matchearlybirdsletterswritteninpencil几个特例：theworksshown;themoneyleft;thepeopleinvited;thewordsgiven2.vi的过去分词，只表示完成：eg：returnedstudents;afallentree；3.vt的过去分词，表示被动和完成：eg：respectedleaders；frightenedkids；,4.过去分词做定语，相当于定语从句：eg：respectedleaders=leaderswhoarerespectedby.returnedstudents=studentswhohavereturned5.过去分词可构成合成词，做定语：eg：hand-madegoodsman-madesatellitesawidely-usedlanguage,“很多的”1.+可数n.：many;manya;agreat/goodmany;morethanone;alarge/big/greatnumberof;large/big/greatnumbersof2.+不可数n.:much;agreat/gooddealof;agreat/goodamountof3.+可数和不可数n.:alotof;lotsof;plentyof;alargequantityof;largequantitiesof,词义辨析ordinary平凡的；普通的;“nothingspecial”eg:ordinarypeople/waternormal正常的；eg:normaltemperature;backtonormalcommon共同的，常见的；eg:commoninterest/mistakes/senseThetwinshavemuch/alotincommon.usual经常的，一贯的；eg:as/thanusual;attheusualtime/placeaverage:普通的；person；平均的onaverage,任性短语aboycalledTom;aboycallinghimselfTom；boilingwater;boiledwaterthetopicdiscussedyesterday;thetopicbeingdiscussednow;thetopictobediscussedtomorrow.learnsthbyheart;keepsthinheart;putonesheartintothough/although/tough/thought/thorough/taught/caught/naughty,今日突破atthesightofsb,/onhearingthenews,makeoneselfunderstood/heardtent;content;pretend;intendtodotakeout/over/off/up/in/on/office,搞定lie撒谎lieliedliedlyingliar骗子躺；位于lielaylainlying放置；下蛋laylaidlaidlaying,一般将来时bedoingwilldodoesbegoingtodobetodobeabouttodosth.whenbeonthepointofdoingsth.when,作文美句卷面；要点；分段；连词；高级句式（非限定从；主从+表从）语法错误,1.Nowadays/Atpresent,withthedevelopmentofthesociety,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtobeawareoftheimportance/significance/seriousnessoftheTomydelight/surprise,.AsfarasIamconcerned,.2.Attheverybeginning,.However,ontheotherhand,.(反面观点)3.Whatsmore,.4.Furthermore/Inaddition,.5.Lastbutnotleast,takingallthefactorsaboveintoconsideration,wecandrawthefollowingconclusionthat.6.Only.,canwe.,1.单词高度要占据所给格线高度的70%。2。合理平均安排单词与单词，字母与字母间距，平均每行10单词，12行左右为佳。3。尽量避免单词写的又细又长，努力写出加重后的“打印体”（不勾抹，不连笔，下笔重）4。单词右倾斜角度最大不要超过15度，尽量不要出现移行现象。,1.字母abdgopq中的圆圈部分尽量要圆润，饱满。2注意字母(aceimnorsuvwxz)(bdhklt)(fgjpqy)的高度比例。,形容词变副词的规则：多音节y结尾的词将y改为i后加lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyheavy-heavily单音节y结尾的词直接加lyshy-shylysly-slyly以ue结尾的词去e加lytrue-truly以le结尾的词去e加ygentle-gentlypossible-possibly其他以e结尾的词一律加lynice-nicelywise-wiselypolite-politely,以ll结尾的词只加yfull-fully以ic结尾的词加allyautomatic-automaticallyenergetic-energetically其他形容词均加lycareful-carefullyglad-gladly,不规则动词的变化bear/beat/become/begin/blow/break/bring/build/buy/catch/choose/come/cost/cut/deal/dig/draw/drink/drive/eat/fall/feed/feel/fight/find/fly/forget/freeze/flee/get/give/go/grow/hang/hang/have/hear/hit/hold/hurt/keep/know/lie/lie/lay/learn/leave/lend/let/lose/make/mean/meet/mistake/misunderstand,/overcome/oversleep/overspend/pay/put/read/rebuild/ride/rise/run/see/sell/send/set/shake/shall/shine/shoot/shut/sing/sink/sit/sleep/smell/speak/spell/spend/stand/steal/sweep/swim/take/teach/tell/think/throw/understand/wake/wear/win/write,表示否定的前缀1dis加在名词、形容词，动词之前。disadvantage（缺点）disagree（不同意）2in-加在形容词，名词之前incorrect（不正确的），inaccurate（不准确的）3im-加在字母m,b,p之前impossible（不顺能的），impolite（不礼貌的）4il-加在以l开头的词前illegal（非法的），illiterate（文盲的，无文化的）illogical（不合逻辑的）,5ir-加在以r开头的词前irregular（不稳定的），irresistible（不可抵抗的），irresolvable（不能分解的，不能解决的）6un-加在名词，形容词，副词之前unfinished（未完成的）undoubted（无疑的）unemployment（失业）7non-加在形容词，名词前non-existence（不存在），non-essential（不主要的），non-electrical（非电的）,8mis加在动词、名词之前misunderstand（误解），misjudge（误判），misleading（误导），misfortune（不幸）9dis-加地动词之前disappear（消失），disarm（解除武装），disconnect（失去联系）10.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese（抗日战争），anti-social（厌恶社会的，反社会的）,