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联考阅读理解补充讲义,讲义一,理解作者使用的写作手法和目的,掌握常考的写作目的，记述，说明，议论，描述以及写作手法，如例证，定义，类比，比喻以及对比等。narration,explanation,argumentation,descriptionillustration,definition,analogy,simile/metaphor,contrast,1.,Mostofuscompareourselveswithanyonewethinkishappier-arelative,anacquaintance,oroften,someonewebarelyknow.Ioncemetayoungmanwhostruckmeasparticularlysuccessfulandhappy.Hespokeofhisloveforhisbeautifulwifeandtheirdaughters,andofhisjoyatbeingaradiotalk-showhostinacityheloved.Irememberthinkinghewasoneofthoseluckyfewforwhomeverythinggoeseffortlesslyright.,ThenwestartedtalkingabouttheInternet.Heblessed(祝福）itsexistence,hetoldme,becausehecouldlookupinformationonmultiplesclerosis(硬化症）-theterriblediseaseafflictinghiswife.Ifeltlikeafoolforassumingnothingwrongexistedinhislife.,学会评价所读内容,学会从语义角度辨识语句功能，理顺阅读思路。从语义角度辨识和理解定义，解释，观点，事实，结论，推理，解题的思路就会清晰。,3.Aqualityeducationistheultimateliberator.Itcanfreepeoplefrompoverty,givingthemthepowertogreatlyimprovetheirlivesandtakeaproductiveplaceinsociety.Itcanalsofreecommunitiesandcountries,allowingthemtoleapforwardintoperiodsofwealthandsocialunitythatotherwisewouldnotbepossible.(2002),分类,4.Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes,forinstanceimprovinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.,归纳,5.Theword“emergency”impliestheunusual.(语义特点）Butwhendailylifeitselfisanemergency（概念变化）,theconceptlosesitsmeaning.Itishumannaturetotrytoadapttothatwhichwecannotchange.Ortomisleadourselvesintobelievingwecanadapt.（从人与客观世界的关系角度说明）,描写,6.Withonlyabout1000pandaleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonetheanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies.ThatsamovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearcherhasbeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled“NoahsArk.”,报道,7.“Thenucleartransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailablepandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem.”Kraemerbelieves.“Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy.Ittakesalongtimeanditsdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort.”Kraemer,whoisoneoftheleadersoftheMissy-plicityProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.,猜测,8.Considerfireinsurance,FireInsurancemaybesoldbyappealingtofearofloss.（Thefollowingcouldbetheadvantagesthepeoplecangetfromsellingsuch)Insurance,ensure,assure,预测,9.TheEndofScienceprovokedawaveofdenunciation(谴责）intheUnitedStateslastyear.“Thereactionhasbeenoneofcompleteshockanddisbelief,”Mr.Elorgansays.Therealquestioniswhetheranyremainingunsolvedproblems,ofwhichwhereareplenty,lendthemselvestouniversalsolutions.Iftheydonot,thenthefocusofscientificdiscoveryisalreadynarrowingMorescientistsarenowalive,spendingmoremoneyonresearchthanever.Yetmostofthegreatdiscoveriesofthe19thand2ndcenturiesweremadebeforetheappearanceofstatesponsorshipwhenthescientificenterprisewasafractionofitspresentsize.首先提出问题，然后作者做出预测，以理服人。,9.Werethescientistswhomadethesediscoveriesbrighterthantodays?Thatseemsunlikely.Afarmorereasonableexplanationisthatthefundamentalsciencehasalreadyenteredaperiodofdiminishedreturns.,学会预测下文可能发生的事情,2.Mr.GretzcalculatesthatifsolarenergyonlyprovidedthreepercentoftheEECsneeds,thiscouldstillproduceasavingofaboutabillionpoundsinthepresentbillforimportedenergyeachyearandhebelievesthatwiththepossibilityofutilizingmoreadvancedtechnologyinthisfielditmightbepossibletosatisfymuchbiggershareoftheCommunitysfutureenergyneeds.,Question:Theapplicationofadvancedtechnologytoresearchanddevelopmentinsolarenergy_.A.wouldleadtoabigincreaseinresearchfundingB.wouldmakeitunnecessarytoimportoil.C.wouldmakeitpossibletomeetthefutureenergyneedsoftheEECD.wouldprovideamuchgreaterproportionoftheCommunitysfutureenergyneeds.,
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