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英汉翻译,TranslationofEnglishSubordinateClauses,ReviewofLectureI,ComparativestudiesofEnglishandChineseTranslationtechniquesDictionAmplificationOmissionConversionRestructuringPassivevoicevs.activevoice,LectureII,TranslationofSubordinateClausesNominalclauses/appositiveclausesAttributive/relativeclausesAdverbialclausesSampletranslationsExercisesTranslationofChineseSentences:stagesandstrategies,CONTENTS,NounsandNominalClausesAppositiveclausesModifiersandAttributiveClauses/relativeclausesAdverbialClauses,nouns,CountabilityandNumberProperandCommonNounsAbstractandConcreteNounsGenderNumeralsPossessiveCasePronouns,1.用名词替代动词可以使行文和表意更为简洁，这符合现代英语总的发展趋势。EricPartridge认为，将动词转化为名词是英语极普遍、极有效的构词方法。Scientificexploration,thesearchforknowledgehasgivenmanthepracticalresultsofbeingabletoshieldhimselffromthecalamitiesofnatureandthecalamitiesimposedbyotherman.探索科学，也就是追求知识，使人类获得了避免天灾人祸的能力。,Igavethesituationabigthinkforabouttwoseconds.Thefilmisanabsolutemust-see.AnotherdeparturefromtherecentWhiteHousepracticesistheabsenceofdancing.Ifyoustepovertowindow4,youdhaveashorterwait.,2.名词用作形容词moodmusicmoonlightstrollgovernmentviewslovematchcollegebillsall-nightdiscussion3.成语名词替代短语动词：flunk-out考试不及格work-in静坐罢工walk-in简易门诊部walk-off退席，退场wipe-out失败set-up组织，团体lead-in创举，开篇break-down故障upkeep维修,Whoevercomestoourpubliclibrarywillbewelcome.什么人到我们公共图书馆来都欢迎。Iunderstandthatheiswellqualified,butIfeelthatheneedsmoreexperience.我知道他完全够条件，但我觉得他需要更多经验。Wehavenodefiniteinformationyetastowhichroutehewilltake.关于他走哪条路线，我们还没有确切消息。Theyareverysuspiciousoftheassumptionthathewouldratherkillhimselfthansurrender.对于他宁可自杀也不投降的这种假设，他们很怀疑。,英语名词从句的译法,Thefactthatthegravityoftheearthpullseverythingtowardsthecenteroftheearthexplainsmanythings.地球引力把一切东西都吸向地心这一事实解释了许多现象。Anorderhasbeengiventhattheresearcherswhoarenowintheskylabshouldbesentback.已下命令将现在在航天实验室的研究人员送回来。,翻译英语形容词时，要注意一下几点：汉语部分重叠式形容词是英语所没有的，英译时只能采取近义词表达。例如：乱蓬蓬的胡子unkempt(scraggly)beard亮堂堂的brightlylit绿油油的richgreen;glisteninggreen冷冰冰的icecold,英语修饰语的译法,2.注意比较下面词组的不同含义：Agoldenage/agoldwatch;silkenhair/silkstockingsAwoodenface/awoodfloor;herpleasingmanner/herpleasedlookIhavetimeenough./Ihaveenoughtime.Heissureofhisownsuccess./Heissuretosucceed.ThelateMr.Smith/Heislateagain.Theproperthingtodo/Chinaproper/grammarproperThemanresponsible/theresponsibleman,英语形容词的译法,意义载量较大的形容词的译法Dawnmethimwellalongtheway.Itwasapleasantuneventfulride.Hehadsomecheerfulwineattheparty.ShebecameapoorthirdintheEnglish-speakingcontest.Thetwoladiesgaveeachotheragegrouplooks.,起“重心修饰”作用的形容词的译法Thechapterensuingtreatsofthecomparativeapplicationinpredictingplotrunoff.Atinystaggerercamesuddenlyrockingintotheyard.Pressingdownthebuttonofthealarm-clock,hecurledupforalastwarmmomentunderthebedclothes.Choosingastrategytocopewiththegrown-upworld,then,isthefirstdecisionyoungadultshavetomake,andusuallythemostimportantdecisionoftheirlifetime.,在矛盾修饰语中的形容词的译法gloriousdefeat;sweetsorrow;walkingcorpse;mercykilling;cruellykind;livingdeath;opensecret;busyidleness;painfulpleasure;acheerfulpessimist;creativedestruction;delicioustiredness;eloquentsilent;conspicuousabsence;,英语副词的译法,某些副词修饰形容词时可以表达丰富的信息，汉译时要尽量多地传达信息，并尽量表达得自然流畅。Hishistoryisunchallengedlytrue.Theunbelievablybeautifulsceneryofthatplaceattractsalotoftouristseveryday.Fewpeopleconsiderherjustifiablywrong.Thisfactisbrutallytrue.,Heisadmittedlyreliable.Wewerepleasantlysurprisedattheprofitwemade.Hewasasmallman,deceptivelyfrail-lookingforoneofhisimmenseenergy.Thisplanisopentodiscussionbudgetwise.,比较级的特殊翻译法1.比较级用作比喻：当形容词、副词的比较级用于不同事物的比拟时，需要用表示比喻意义的词语进行翻译。Ourvillageisnotlessbeautifulthanthispicture.Afoolcannomoreseehisownfollythanhecanseehisears.Acauselesseventorthing,wecannotthinkofanymorethanwecanofastickwithonlyoneend.YourfatherisnotLordDriveranymorethanmyunclespresident.,2.比较级用于委婉否定：表示委婉的批评，温和的责备和含蓄的否定Youmighthavebeenmorecareful.Iknewbetterthantomoreanotherleg.3.比较级表示对照，对比某人或某物的不同特性或特征，肯定前者，否定后者。Yougotmorenervethanbrains!Yourcommentismorebravelymadethancorrect.4.比较级表示强调Thereisawomanlikeadewdrop,shessopurerthanthepurest.,英语定语从句译法,RBDthequestioniswhetherheworksatall.他干多少并不重要，问题是他到底有没有干。92Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingandsleeping.他常常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。93Heisaprofessor,asisclearfromhismanner.他是个教授，这可以从他的举止明显地看出来。94Shetiptoedtothebedwherethechildlayasleep.孩子睡着了，她踮着脚尖走到他床前。95Thethief,whowasabouttoescape,wascaughtbythepolicemen.小偷正要逃跑时，被警察抓住了。96Electricalenergythatissuppliedtoalampcanbeturnedintolightenergy.当把电供给电灯时，电能就会变成光能。,97Nothingisdifficultintheworldforanyone,whodarestoscaletheheight.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。98HelikesMissNancy,whodespiseshim.尽管南希小姐讨厌他，他却很喜欢她。99Shehadabalanceatherbankswhichwouldhavemadeherbelovedanywhere.她在银行里的存款，足够使她到处受到欢迎。100Asthedesertislikeasea,soisthecamellikeaship.沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。101Abadbookistheworsethatcannotrepent.一本坏书因为无法消除其影响，所以更加有害。102Icouldunderstandhispointofview,inthatIdbeeninasimilarposition.我能理解他的观点，因为我自己也有过类似的处境。103Theboyfelldownfromtheladderbeforeheknewit.那个男孩不知怎么就从梯子上摔了下来。104HehasmadewhatIam.我之有今日都是他给的。105Youarepostedinwhathadprecededallthis,butIwasnot.你现在已经明白了这件事的全部原委，但我当时却全然不知。106IhauntedallthemeetingsinLondonwheredebatesfollowedlectures.伦敦的集会，凡是演讲结束后接着进行辩论的，我都参加。,107Itisnotimeformetohideanything.什么东西都来不及藏起来。108Thefogmadeitdifficulttocalculatethedistance.雾大得看不出距离来。109Rumorhasitthattherewillbewar.谣传快要打仗了。110Tohissuperiors,heishumilityitself.他对长辈十分谦恭。111Therewasnothingofthestudentabouthim,butverymuchoftheminer.他全不像学生，倒像个矿工。112Heknowssomethingofeverything.他什么都知道一点，但样样都不精。113Youareaswrongaswrongcanbe.你大错而特错。114Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.与其说海洋把陆地分开，不如说海洋把陆地连在一起。115Youcannotbetoocareful.你越细心越好。116Thatwhichisgoodcannotbedonetoosoon.好事做得越快越好。,117Thereisnoonebuthopestoberich.没有人不想发财。118.Heisnotsosickbuthecancometoschool.他并没病到不能上学的程度。119Thestreetsweresocrowdedthatourcarhadtogoveryslowly.街上太拥挤，汽车只能慢慢走。120Itismorethanprobablethathewillfail.十之八九，他会失败。121Heismoreshythanunsocial.他害羞，不是不爱社交。122.Shewasdressedmorethansimply.她的穿戴岂止是朴素，简直近乎破烂。123Useismadeofsolarenergyinheatinghouses.现在已利用太阳能为住房供暖。124Theeducationoftheyoungisseentobeofprimaryimportance.人们注意到，对于青年人的教育占头等重要地位。125.Thescarcityofpubliclibrariesiskeenlyfelt.人们强烈地感到公共图书馆不足。126Thestormwasfeltseverelyonthecoast.沿海地区受到暴风雨的严重影响。,127Thedooropens,andwhoshouldenterbuttheverymanweweretalkingof?门开了，谁想到走进来的正是我们方才谈论的人！128ApretextwasthelastthingthatHastingswaslikelytowant.哈丁斯好象不需要什么借口。129Ourvillageisnotlessbeautifulthanthispicture.我们村好象这幅画一样美。130Youmighthavebeenmorecareful.你不应该这么粗心大意。131Iknewbetterthantomoveanotherleg.我知道我还是站着不动为妙。,
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