英语作文写法洪飞霞.ppt

英语写作技巧,-英才学校洪飞霞高二,考纲要求：,要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：（1）准确使用语法、词汇、人称、时态；（2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。要求考生根据提示写一篇120词左右的英语作文。提示有图表、图画或文字皆有。,标题第一段:第二段:第三段:,概括所给短文内容要点约30字,过渡词引出主题句-自己的观点-理由约90字,总结句约30字,写作模块,记叙文概括所给短文内容要点注意：利用原文中所给的语言材料，用自己的话来写；概括后的文章意思要通顺，行文要连贯。具体方法和要求:第一段概括：要做到开门见山,抓住要点,语言精练,列出原文作者观点或内，常用的开头句型有如下：Accordingtothepassage,ThisarticleismainlyaboutThewriterstatesthatInthispassage,thewritermainlytellsus,Inthispassage,thewritermainlytellsushisexperienceoffishingandwastaughtanunforgettablelessonbyanoldman.Heknewtheimportanceofpatienceandfinallygotsomefish.(33words）,Myversionforthesummary,第二段：怎样写过渡句：可利用一些起承上启下作用的连词、短语、句型。例如,1.Itoccurstomethatasimilarstoryofminehappened3yearsagoandtaughtmealesson.2.Ihadasimilarexperienceatonetime,too.3.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ihaveasimilarexperience.4.Ihavesuchasimilarexperience,too.5.Ihaveasimilarexperiencetothewriters.6.Ialsohaveasimilarexperience.,Ialsohaveanexperienceaboutbeingpatient.Iwouldlikeyou,thereader,toshareitwithme.,Ihaveasimilarexperience.OnceIwaitedforthebusatthestopfor30minutes,nobuscame.Icouldntwaitanylongeranddecidedtowalktoschool.ButnosoonerhadIleftthanthebusarrived.IthoughtifIhadwaitedforonemoreminute,Iwouldhavecaughtit.IfIwantedtotakethenextbus,Iwouldhavetowaitforanother30minutes.OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofpatience.Beingimpatientwillwastealltheeffortsthatwehavemade.Patiencealsoplaysanimportantpartinourstudyandwork.Withitwecanachievegreatersuccess.(110words),第三段：怎样写结尾段：可用表示总结全文的短语、句型指出观点。,1、allinall,Allinall,patienceisveryimportant.Everyoneshouldhavepatiencetodoeverything.（14words）,However,nowwheneverIamtolosemypatience,Illthinkoftheexperienceofwaitingforabus.(18words),议论文,第一段：,第二段:过渡词引出主题句-自己的观点-理由有如下开头用语IdoagreewiththeauthorInsomeway,Iagreewith,butThisopinionsoundsrightbutishardlypractical.Itisdefinitelynotlikethat.Asamatteroffact,Toagreatextent,Imforthewriteridea.Inmyopinion,FrommypersonalpointofviewAsfarasImconcerned,（议论文）,第三段最后一段:总结句开头用语：Inconclusion,Inshort,Tomakealongstoryshort,Ingeneral,Inaword,Inbrief简单扼要地,Onthewhole,Allinall,第三段最后一段:总结句开头用语：Inconclusion,Inshort,Tomakealongstoryshort,Ingeneral,Inaword,Inbrief简单扼要地,Onthewhole,Allinall,说明文主要的出题形式如下：1、文字+表格2、图表3、图画,一是以表格形式,将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来,即统计表（table）。,矩形的竖行和横行进行排列的表格,图表类说明文的类型,二、表示总体内部结构变化的扇形图画（piechart）,三、表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异的柱状图（barchart/graph）;,表示两组数的关系-通常为函数关系图,四、是以图形形式A表示数据变化的曲线图（graph）;,第一步：门见山地点明图图形、表格、图画等所反映的主题,即conclusion.,1、图表/数据：table,chart,graph，figure（数据）；,2、动词：describe，tell,show,represent,常用句型有：,1.Thegraph/chart/tableabovetheabovegraph/chart,itcanbeseenthat.3.(正如)isshowninthegraph,.4.hasbeenshownfromthetablethat,shows,From,As,It,常使用的词汇有:,第二步：分析数据间的主要差异及趋势，然后描写（在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时，可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题，并阐明必要的理由），注意层次即提供factsandreasons。,一、涉及表数据增长/减少的词汇:,4、表示下降的名词:,3、表示下降的动词:,1、表示上升的动词:,2、表示上升的名词:,rise，increase，climb，goup,；,rise，increase,;,fall，decline，decrease，drop，godown,;,fall，decline，decrease，drop,;,5、表示平稳:,remainsteady/unchanged;,二、表示Facts的常用句型1.Therewasagreat/slightincrease/risein2.Therehasbeenasudden/slow/rapidfall/dropin3.Theratedroppedslightlyfrom38%into31%in4.Bycomparisonwith,itdecreased/increased/fellfromto5.Statisticsshowa20%rise/reductionintrafficaccidentscomparedwithlastyear.6.Thepopulationowningmobilephonesincreasedby10%in1999.,说明文的写作方法：列举法-用事例说明主题可用表示顺序的示意词来突出每个实例。如：first,second,third,first,secondly,finally,thefirstthing(point)is,thesecondthing(point)is,thethirdthing(point)is,firstofall,also,finally,one,another,thelast,以事物的重要性来排列顺序，可使文章层次清楚，重点突出。如：foronething,also,theworstthingis,firstofall,apartfromthat,themostimportantis,foronething,whatismore,themost,oneimportant,moreimportantly,themostimportant,oneproblem.,anotherproblem,themostseriousproblem,三、表示Reasons的常用句型:1.Thereasonisthat2.Onemaythinkofthechangeasa3.Thechangeinlargelyresults_thefactthat.Thisbringstheimportantfactthat.isthekey(因素)in.Itisbecauseof_,resultof,why/for,from,out,factor,that,四、涉及到倍数的表达:,fivetimesasmanyas,doubled,four,more,1.Thenumber/ratehasnearly_（是的两倍）,asagainstthatoflastyear.2.Thenumberisthatof.（是的5倍)=Thenumberistimesthanin(比多倍),常用表达：ina,/inshort,（简而言之）/_speaking（总的来说）2.summary,itisimportant3.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecan(得出结论）that4._（很明显地）,ifwewantto,itisnecessary_(毫无疑问)attentionmustbepaidtoI_(建议)thegovernmenttakeeffectivemeasuresto_,Ithink(就我来看)the“goldenweek”shouldremain,for,第三步：,归纳总结或发表评论。,suggest,Thereisnodoubtthat,Obviously/Apparently,In,generally,word,personally,drawtheconclusion,写作内容根据以上数据,写一篇短文,包括以下内容:1.调查时间,调查问题,以及调查对象;2.男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异;3.”父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异;4.男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同;5.你的偶像及理由。,范文剖析,1._Lastweek，wedidasurveyamong2，600studentson“Whoisyouridol”.2._ThesurveyshowsthathalfofthegirlschoosefilmandTVstarsasidols，while48%oftheboysfavorsportsstars.3._Asthedatashows，“parents”rankthesecondforthegirls，butthefourthfortheboys.4._However，thepercentageoftheboyschoosing“greatfigures”isthesameasthatofthegirls.5._Asformyself，ThomasEdisonismyidol，becausehisinventionshavegreatlychangedourlife.,范文剖析,Conclusion,Fact,Youropinion,Fact,Fact,二.数据的表达?,一.Conclusion/fact/reason/youropinion?,Summary总之各种文体的篇章结构大概如下:1、主题句引出全文的话题2、支持句围绕话题展开讨论，用事实，理由，观点等来进行解释，说明或论证。3、结束句对话题进行总结、感想、提出观点。,第三人称,现在完成时3.理由1：经济增长快;4.理由2：节约时间;5.你对此现象的看法。,时态:,人称:,要点:,篇章结构:,Practice,9900010203040506070809,PossibleVersion:Ascanbeseenfromthegraph,greatchangesincarownershiphavetakenplaceinChinainthepasttenyears.Thenumberofprivatecarsincreasedmorethan5timesfromnearly3millionin1999toover15millionin2009.ItsmainlybecausetheeconomyofChinahasdevelopedsorapidlythatmanyChinesepeoplewanttoownprivatecars.Besides,inmodernsociety,manyChineseneedacartodobusinesssoastosavetime.Inmyview,asthecarownershipconstantlyincreasesyearbyyear,alargenumberofsocialproblems,suchastrafficjams,willturnupinnearlyeverycitythroughoutChina.,1、Learnbyhearttheusefulexpressionswelearnttoday.,2、Writeashortpassageaccordingtothefollowingchart.,Homework,Thankyou!,