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Unit5 What are the shirts made of【课 题】Unit5 What are the shirts made of?Section A (4a4c)教师复备栏或学生笔记栏【学习目标】单词：1.Germany 德国；（形容词）German 2. surface n. 表面，表层；3. material n 材料，原料;4. traffic n. 交通；短语：1. on the last Friday of each month 在每月的最后一个星期五 2. in Germany 在德国 3. most of the earths surface地球的大部分表面 4. cause many traffic accidents 导致许多的交通事故 5. use this silver plate 使用这个银制的盘子【学习重点难点】继续学习使用一般现在时态的被动语态进行连词成句的练习【学法指导】复习语法-朗读语法句子-连词成句对话-巩固【教学过程】【教学过程】导入（启发探究 3分钟）一般现在时的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。 如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词。例如： 许多人都踢足球。Many people play football.Football is played by many people.一、被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。如果需要强调动作或行为的执行者时，在其后接“by.”，意为“被。”主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语 2.谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态 3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by短语可省略） 为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。 主动语态： 主语+ 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分 被动语态： 主语+ be +过去分词 + by +宾语 +其他成分 如： Many people speak English. 被动语态 English is spoken by many people.被动语态中by短语的省略 被动语态中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者。但是在遇到以下情况时，表示动作执行者的by短语常常被省略。 1.动作执行者不确定时 Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year. 2.不必表明动作执行者时 These trees were planted last year. 3.动作执行者为一般大众时 Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area. 4.下面这些动词短语本身已经是被动形式，不需要再加by短语 be interested in对。感兴趣 be made of/from由。制成 be covered with用。覆盖 be surprised at 对。感到惊奇被动语态的基本用法需要强调动作的承受者时 Water is needed very much by the crops here.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时 Sandy was invited to a party after school.当说话人需要强调客观时 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be fine.二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）1、拼读记忆单词Germany 德国 surface n. 表面；表层 postman n. 邮递员 cap n（. 尤指有帽舌的）帽子 glove n（. 分手指的）手套 2、根据汉语提示完成单词。1. Toney has to drive to meet his boss (老板) at the airport this afternoon.2. His father built a new house with different used material (材料) beside the river.3. This kind of car is very expensive and only made in Germany (德国)by hand.4. The river is polluted and the surface (表面)of the water is covered with oil.5. The girl sat outside the door and waited for the postman (邮寄员) every day.3、呈现短语，朗读并背诵短语：1. on the last Friday of each month 在每月的最后一个星期五 2. in Germany 在德国 3. most of the earths surface地球的大部分表面 4. cause many traffic accidents 导致许多的交通事故 5. use this silver plate 使用这个银制的盘子4、朗读一般现在时态的被动语态的句子，体会和揣摩其结构和运用1. -Are your shirts made of cotton?-Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.-你的衬衣是由棉花制成的吗？ -是的。并且是在美国制造的。2. -Whats the model plane made of?. -Its made of used wood and glass -这个飞机模型是由什么制成的？ -它是由废弃的木材和玻璃制成的。.3. -Where was your pencil made? -It was made in Shanghai.-你的铅笔是在哪制造的？ -它是在上海制造的。4. -What language is spoken in Germany?-Most people speak German, but many can speak English.-在德国讲什么语言？ -大部分人讲德语，但许多人也讲英语。三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）畅通Grammar Focus回顾语法重点.要求学生分角色问答并翻译表格中的句子。出说被动语态的各种句式的变化形式。并能造出相仿的句子。简要归纳被动语态的结构及用法完成教材4a-4c的任务1. 要求学生翻开课本P36，用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。给出5分钟的时限，并请另个5位同学朗读句子，全班集体核对答案。1. arent allowed 2. were paid 3. is spoken 4. is covered 5. is cleaned2. 参照4b所提供的信息和例句，用被动语态改写句子.给出5分钟的时限，并请另4位同学在黑板上改写，全班集体核对答案。（5分钟）参考答案2. The best materials are used to make dresses in this shop.3. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.4. Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman.5. This silver plate isnt used very often in our family.3. 先根据4c方框所提供的单词，依照4c方框所提供的对话，向五位同学询问他们穿戴的，及书包中所包含的物品，然后再与同伴交流讨论 。SA: Whats your pencil made of?SB: Its made of wood.SA : Where was is made SB: It was made in Shanghai.4. 小结训练。要求学生在规定的时间内完成一个小练习。并请若干学生给出自己的答案。有错误的话及时解决纠正。（2分钟）句型转换。1. We play basketball after class in our school.(改为被动语态) Basketball is played after school in our school.2. This kind of rice is only grown in our hometown.(对划线部分提问) Where is this kind of rice only grown?3. People dont make ice-wine in Canada any more. (改为被动语态) Ice-wine isnt made in Canada any more.4. This kind of glasses is used for keeping off the wind. (对划线部分提问) What is this kind of glasses used for?5. Do you allow the children under 18 to drive cars in your country? (改为被动语态) Are the children under 18 allowed to drive cars in your country?四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）双宾语，很奇特，被动语态有两个，用人简单用物难，难在人前to, for添常见的接双宾语的动词有:to: (1)pass sb sth=pass sth to sb (2) give sb sth= give sth. to sb (3)teach sb sth=teach sth to sb, (4)show sb sth=show sth to sb (5) bring sb sth=bring sth to sb, (6)send sb sth=send sth to sb(7)hand sb sth =hand sth to sb (8) sell sb sth=sell sth to sb (9) take sb sth =take sth to sb(10) write sb sth=write sth to sbfor: (1) make sb sth= make sth for sb (2) buy sb sth =buy sth for sb (3) get sb sth= get sth for sb(4) cook sb sth =cook sth for sb (5) keep ab sth=keep sth for sb (6) sing sb sth=sing sth for sb(7) find sb sth=find sth for sb (8) mend sb sth=mend sth for sb (9)perform sb sth=perform sth for sb既可用for也可用to的词:read练习：把主动语态变为被动语态。（两种办法）1.He bought me a present yesterday._ _2.My mother made me a big birthday cake last night._ _3.I have written him a letter._ _4.Our teacher taught us a new song last week._ _5.She reads her son a story every day._ _五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）根据短文内容填词。（每空词数不限）It was Womens Day yesterday, my mother 1._ _. Look, this is a ring, 2. it_, it is from my father, and it cost my father over two thousand yuan; that is a beautiful sweater, it looks very nice on my mother, it 3._my aunt, it took her one month to finish it; but my mothers favorite present is a pair of gloves, who are they from? Guess! They are from me, I 4. _ last week, and I put them in a flowery box. When my mother received it, she was so happy 5._ she couldnt wait to open it, a pair of gloves caught her eyes, she knew her daughter had grown up, she said she would keep them forever-love from her daughter.【教学反思】
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