2019-2020年八年级英语下册Unit4Agoodread知识点总结及测试卷新版牛津版.doc

2019-2020年八年级英语下册Unit4Agoodread知识点总结及测试卷新版牛津版单元重点知识点总览1. decided用作及物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。名词形式是decision，make a decision意为“做决定（去做某事）”2. do with意为“处理，处置，对待”，常与疑问词what连用。PS：do with=deal with（常与疑问词how连用） 3. reach 用作及物动词，意为“接触，拿到”，后面跟表示地点的名词，意为“到达，抵达”。4. be interested in 意为“对感兴趣”。后面跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语，与have/take interest in互换5. crash(crashed,crashed)用作不及物动词，意为“碰撞，倒下，坠落”6. asas one can/could表示“尽某人所能”，相当于asas possible。7. by the time意为“到时为止”，引导时间状语从句。 8. be tired out意为“精疲力尽”be tired of意为“对感到厌烦”9. as连词，意为“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。例如：As time goes on, he knows his students.10. tie(tied,tied,tying)用作及物动词，意为“捆，绑，系”，tieto意为“把系/捆到上”。be tired to是它的被动语态，意为“被捆到上” 11. until用作连词，意为“直到为止”，在（某一特定的时间）之前，其主要用法有:与延续性动词连用时，表示“直到”，动词用肯定形式，指主句的动作一直持续到until后的动作发生为止；notuntil意为“直到才”，主句动词通常为非延续性动词，指主句的动作一直到until后的动作发生时才发生。12. the same size as意为“和一样尺寸，与一样大小”。例如：My mothers shoes are the same size as mine.13. the same as意为“和一样”14. the sameas意为“和一样” 15. shout at意为“冲大喊大叫”16. make sb. do sth.意为“是某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式在make后作宾语补足语。17. fall over意为“摔倒”，fall down意为“摔倒，落下”，fall off意为“从上摔下”18. continue用作及物动词，意为“继续”。continue doing sth.表示“继续做某事”，另外，continue后也可跟动词不定式，continue to do sth.也表示“继续做某事”19. one of意为“之一”，of后接可数名词复数或宾语代词呢的复数。“one of+复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。one of后的名词前经常用形容词最高级修饰，即“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”，意为“最的之一”20. manage用作及物动词，意为“勉强完成”，manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”。21. keep doing something.keep doing sth.意为“不断地做某事”keep on doing sth.意为“反复做某事”keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，from不可省略。22. unable形容词，意为“不能的，不会的”。unable只能作表语，（be）unable to do sth意为“不能做某事”，相当于（be）not able to do sth.23. ask for意为“请求”，ask sb. for意为“向某人请求”24. advise及物动词，意为“建议，劝告”，后面常接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。25. teach oneself意为“自学”，相当于learnby oneself。26. teach sb.(how)to do sth.意为“教某人（如何）做某事” 。27. on time意为“按时，准时”28. in time意为“及时”29. advice不可数名词，意为“建议，忠告，劝告”，表示“一条建议”用a/one piece of advice，表示“一些建议”用some advice.30. confidence不可数名词，意为“信心”。have confidence in意为“对有信心”。语法一、 宾语从句，就是用一个句子来充当宾语，放在谓语动词的后面。学习宾语从句要注意一下几个问题 宾语从句的引导词 A 当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，that常可省略。例如：I know that the boy is from Japan. B 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导。例如：I want to know if he will e back tomorrow. C 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。例如：He didnt know when his mother was born.宾语从句的语序宾语从句一定要用陈述句的语序例如：Can you tell me where he stayed last night?宾语从句的时态当主句是现在时时，从句用所需的任何时态，当主句是过去时时，从句用过去时态的某种时态。例如：He said he was playing games at that time.二、 疑问词+动词不定式：由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+to do）。疑问词部分包括疑问代词who, whom, what, which和whose以及疑问副词when, where和how。此外，连接词“whether”也适用.它主要具有以下几种功能：当主语 例如： When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. Where to live is a problem. 当宾语，常接在forget, find out, discuss, decide, tell, teach, know, learn, wonder, remember等动词之后作宾语 例如： We must know what to say at a meeting. He could not tell whom to trust. Do you know how to play bridge? 当表语，例如： The problem is where to find the financial aid. The question is who to elect. 当名词同位语，如： 例如：Tom had no idea which book to read first. The question whether to confess troubled the girl.用于宾语补足语,双重宾语。某些动词后可接“sb.+ 疑问词 + 不定式”构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等三、 must 与 have to 的区别 情态动词must和have to都有“必须”的含义，它们的用法如下：must “必须”、“应该”的用法:1.must 表示“必须”、“应该”。例如：We must protect our environment. Everyone must obey the rule.2. must的否定形式must not表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。 例如：You mustnt speak like that. You mustnt be late for school.3.在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式用neednt 或dont have to来回答。而不用mustnt来回答例如：Must I be home before 8 oclock? Yes, you must. No, you neednt./No, you dont have to.have to 表示“必须”、“不得不”，例如：He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days. We will have to get up early tomorrow. 补充：have got to是 have to的口语形式。 例如：Ive got to leave for Nanjing.*Must与 have to的区别： must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则表示的是客观需要。Must一般只有现在时，而have to有更多的形式。Have to与 have got to的区别： have got to虽然是have to的口语形式，但二者在用法上有严格的区别： have to的前面还可以用情态动词或助动词，而have got to却不可以； have to的否定形式为dont/doesnt /didnt +have to,疑问式为Do/Does/Did + 主语 + have to?而 have got to的否定形式是在have后加 not,疑问式把have提前。 We dont have to go home. Do you have to go home? We havent got to go home. Have you got to go home?单元重点短语归纳1. do with 处理2. not as +形容词/副词原级+as. 不如.3. in ones spare time 在某人空闲时间4. be tired out 筋疲力尽5. by the time 到的时候6. wake up醒来7. all over 遍及8. look down向下看9. shout at sb. 朝某人喊10. talk to sb. 和某人交谈11. hand in 上交12. so far 到目前为止13. by the way 顺便问一下14. how long 多长时间15. look for 寻找16. an army of 一大群17. less than 不到，少于18. more than 超过，多于19. open up 开启，开创20. translateinto 把译成21. sharewith 与分享22. different typeset of 不同类型的23. one of+名词/代词复数 之一24. get away 离开25. asas one can 尽可能地句型归纳1. have to do sth. 必须/不得不做某事2. like doing/to do sth. 喜欢做某事3. give sth. to sb. 给某人某物4. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事5. be tied to the ground 被捆绑到地上6. manage to do sth. 设法做某事7. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事8. how many+可数名词复数 多少9. be interested in 对什么感兴趣10. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事11. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事12. spenddoing sth. 花费做某事13. remember to do sth.记得去做某事14. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事15. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事8B Unit 4 单元测试（A）卷一、 短语翻译（每题1分，共10分）1. 处理 2. 对感兴趣 3. 精疲力尽 4. 摔倒 5. 上交，递交 6. 等等 7. 到的时候 8. 请求（给与） 9. 准时 10. 在某人的业余时间里 二、 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）( ) 1. Do you know which book doesnt belong to the four great classical Chinese novels. Of course I know , its_. A B C D( ) 2. Would you please tell me_ to deal with all the problems, Mr. Chen? No problem.A. how B. why C. what D. which( ) 3. Why are there many books on the ground? Her arms arent long enough to _the books on the desk.A. reach B. e C. take D. carry( ) 4. Although _my ideas, he didnt e up with his own. A. against B. on C. for D. in ( ) 5. Arent you tired _ doing the same work all the year round?A. of B. with C. from D. across( ) 6. What does the word “fall” mean? _. A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter.( ) 7. What fun The Hero is! Yeah! I like the movie, too. Its so _.A. boring B. scary C. interesting D. sad( ) 8. In April, the weather in some places in Jiangsu was really changeable. People still remember they have _ four seasons in a week. A. organized B. experienced C. describedD. remembered( ) 9. Jack didnt tell the truth but his mother _A. found it out B. found it C. found out it D. find it out( ) 10. Theres no difference between the two twins, I really dont know_. A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what( )11.-Hey, man. You cant cross the street now. You have to wait _ the traffic light turns green. - Oh, sorry and thank you. A. when B. after C. until D. while( )12. Here is the book. First, _ it and then tell me what you think of it. A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after( )13.Jim, _ read books while you are walking in the street. Its very dangerous. A. dont B. doesnt C. wont D. cant( )14.-Oh, its raining hard. - Be careful! The road _ be wet. A. could B. must C. might D. can( )15.-Could you give me some _ on how to learn English _? - Sure. Practice makes perfect. A. advice; good B. suggestions; good C. advice; well D. suggestion; well三、 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）When I was eleven years old, God gave me a gift of happiness. One day, on my way home from school, a truck ran over me and cut off my 1 . As I lay there bleeding, I realized that I might have to live the rest of my life 2 legs. How depressing（令人沮丧的）! 3 then I realized that depression wont get my legs back. So I decided not to 4 my life feeling depressed. When my parents arrived at the 5 , they were shocked and sad. I told them, “Ive already 6 the fact. Now you also have to get used to this.”Ever since then, I often see my friends getting 7 about little things: their bus es late; they get a bad grade on a test. But I just 8 life.I was lucky to realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have 9 , and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. Sounds simple, doesnt it? So 10 are many people unhappy? ( ) 1. A.armsB. legsC.feetD.fingers( ) 2. A.withoutB. byC.onD.with( ) 3. A.SoB.OrC.ButD.Once( ) 4. A.spareB.devoteC.influenceD.waste( ) 5. A.hotelB.hospital C.stationD.school( ) 6. A.believedB.accepted C.refusedD.received( ) 7. A.worriedB.guilty C.excitedD.curious( ) 8. A.hateB.enjoy C.saveD.dislike( ) 9. A.struggledB.supportedC.lostDpleted( )10.A.howB.whyC.whenD.whether四、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）AIn the 1920s and 30s the airlines were just beginning. It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous. In those days, there were no flight attendants to look after the passengers. Young men ,or “stewards” helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers luggage(行李)but they did not provide food and drinks. But then in 1930, a woman called Ellen Church invented the “stewardess”.Ellen Church was born in 1904 on a farm in Iowa. She was a different child. She didnt want to work on a farm or marry a farmer she wanted a more adventurous(冒险的)life. Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital. For the next few years she stayed at the hospital but also took flying lessons and got her pilots license. Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport. She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a mans world. Although women like Emelia Earheart were being famous, she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot .But she had another idea. Most people were frightened of flying because flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel. There were often delays(延误),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick. Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T. agreed.The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.At first pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes, but passengers loved the stewardesses. In 1940 there were around 1000 of them working for different airlines. The early “stewardesses” had to be under twenty-five-year-old, single and slim. When a woman joined an airline, she had to promise not to get married or have children. It was hard job and not well paid. They worked long hours and earned 1 an hour.In the 1970s, stewardesses were unhappy in their job and airlines had to make some changes. Since the 1970s, “stewardesses” have been called flight attendants. They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.( ) 1. The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests that _.A. the word “stewardess” was made up by Ellen ChurchB. Ellen Church was the first woman who flew a planeC. Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a planeD. Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane( ) 2. From the second paragraph, we learn that _.A. Ellen did not behave in the same way as most as other girlsB. Ellens family was not rich enough to support her educationC. Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospitalD. Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her pletely( ) 3. The main reason for Boeing Air Transport offering Ellen the job was _.A. her flying experienceB. her university educationC. her nursing experience D. her life attitudes( ) 4. According to the passage, in the 1940s a woman had to _ if she wanted to be a stewardess.A. be a nurseB. be marriedC. be a motherD. be young( ) 5. The passage mainly talks about _.A. the background of early flying pilotsB. the experience of flying passengersC. the history of early flight attendants D. the development of airplanesBThe most mon form of public transportation is the buses. They provide transportation service on innumerable routes from the city center to the suburbs and even to outlying rural areas that surround the city. Also, special buses can be chartered for trips to the mountains, to lakes, and to nearby places of historical interest. In some cities, the city bus system offers free “mini-bus” service as a convenience to shoppers in the downtown business district.Subways are mostly found in larger cities, such as New York, London, Tokyo, Paris and so on. The subway is an underground system of high-speed trains. The worlds first system was built in London, and trains have been operating there since 1890. Subway trains move more quickly and efficiently than buses. They, too, are inexpensive and help solve city traffic problems. The one drawback of subway trains is that they are often crowded and noisy.Taxicabs are more expensive than buses or subways, but they will deliver you to the exact location you want in the shortest time possibly. Taxis are convenient if you are in a hurry or if you are taking a number of suitcases or packages.If you ever visit a major city in another country, you will probably have no trouble getting around. You will quickly find out about city bus routes and schedules, about crowds on subway trains, and about the scarcity of taxis when you are trying to find one during rush hours. Like many people, of course, you may e to the conclusion that the most inexpensive and reliable form of transportation will be your own two legs!( ) 6. What is the mon form of public transportation?A.Bicycles and horses.B.Taxicabs and horses.C.Subways, taxi and buses.D.High-speed trains underground and suburbs.( ) 7. Why do people like to take buses?A.Because buses run faster than the others.B.Because buses cost much more than the others.C.Because the others are not safe.D.Because buses are the cheapest of all these.( ) 8. What does “mini-bus” mean?A.It means that a kind of bus only runs in the mid-night.B.It is another name of the bus.C.It means that this kind of bus is very small.D.It means that this is a special kind of bus for shoppers to carry goods.( ) 9. The subway is a kind of high-speed train underground _A.that runs only on the suburb routes.B.that was first used in London, New York and Tokyo.C.and is mostly being operated in some big cities.D.Both A and B.( ) 10. Which of the following is true according to the above?A.The public transportation is only for the rich.B.Subway was used earlier than buses.C.Taxicab is free.D.In the big crowded cities, youll find your own two legs will be the cheapest and the most reliable form of transportation.CIt is well-known that it will take travelers only 48 hours by train to go from Beijing to Lhasa, the capital of west Chinas Tibet on July 1 this year. Travelers can enjoy the beautiful views during the 48 hour train ride. The new railway line will be controlled by the Beijings West Railway Station from July 1, xx. The most important part of the line, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, has been pleted. The Qinghai-Tibet part of the railway is the worlds highest railway. About 960 kilometers of the traintracks are 4,000 meters above sea level. The highest parts reach 5,072 meters. The railway is the worlds longest plateau railroad which is 1,956 kilometers long, from Qinghais capitalXining to Lhasa in Tibet. The Golmud-Lhasa part is 1,142 kilometers long and goes across the Kunlun andTangelo mountain ranges. The trains running on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway have very good conditions. If the passengers feel hard to breathe, they will be provided with oxygen masks, because all of the trains have oxygen supplying equipment.( ) 11. It will take people 48 hours by train to go to Lhasa from Beijing _.A. from now on B. next July 1 C. from July 1, xx D. from July 1, xx( ) 12. When we talk about the Qinghai-Tibet part of the railway, we say _.A. the railway is well-knownB. the railway is the highest C. it is easy to operate D. it was pleted easily( ) 13. The highest parts of Qinghai-Tibet Railway reach _ meters.A. 960 B. 4,000 C. 5,072 D. 1,956( ) 14. In the last paragraph, the phrase oxygen masks means _. A. 氧气面罩 B. 望远镜C. 热水 D. 药品( ) 15. The best title of the passage is _.A. Travel from Beijing to Lhasa B. Qinghai-Tibet RailwayC. Train with Best Conditions D. Well-Known Railway五、任务型阅读（每题1分，共10分）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后的表格（每空一词）Do you want to be the most popular person in the class? You dont need to change your character; you just need to improve your personality. The most popular people are trusted (信任) and loved because they stay normal but still have something that makes them different from the rest of us. Here are some pieces of advice on how to bee the most popular person in the class.If you want others to like and respect (尊重) you, you have to start by liking yourself. Do not change yourself in order to please others.Be helpful to everyone and d it happily. Being nice to people is almost like helping them, too, because by being nice you make others happy.Be active and have a positive attitude (积极的态度) towards life. Develop confidence in yourself.Stay clean and wear fresh clothes. Do not try to follow fashion to please others.Respect cannot be bought with big words or money. You have to get it by being honest. It also helps your personal growth. You must be a person that can be trusted to get respect.To be a _1_ personSomething you dont need to doDont try to follow _2_ or change yourself to make others pleased.You cant _3_ respect with big words or money.Something you _4_ to doWin others respect _5_ liking yourself.Be honest, helpful and _6_ to everyone.Have an _7_ and positive attitude towards life and develop confidence in yourself._8_ fresh clothes and keep clean.Conclusion _9_ your personality instead of _10_ your character, and you will be popular.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 六、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共15分）1. Please make ten _(copy) of this paper. 2. All the Christmas _(sell) start right after Thanksgiving. 3. Is J.K. Rowling a _(Canada) writer? 4. Ben has shown an _(interesting) in learning French. 5. Through these lessons, students learn the basics of _(scientist). 6. I stayed with a _(France) family in Paris. 7. Have you ever been to _(German)?. 8. This is the _ (ugly) building in town. 9. I cant remember the name of the book, but if youre _(interest) I can find out. 10.I would like to be a _(write) w