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1.冠词（4点）除复习冠词的基本用法外，其“例外”用法值得注意。1).表示“某一”的意思时，专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或an。例如：OnaSaturdaymorninghegotlostinthemountain.,2).a/an+名词+修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如：Mrs.Taylorhas_8-year-olddaughterwhohas_giftforpaintingshehaswontwonationalprizes.（2005浙江）a;aB.an;theC.an;aD.the;a,又如：Forhim_stageisjust_meansofmakingaliving.(2006山东)a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the3).在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指，完全看语境的暗示。例如：Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover_keyboard.Youshouldntputdrinksnear_computer.(2006北京)A.the;不填B.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a,Thestage影员职业;goonthestage从事影艺职业;onstage在演出,4).music、nature、society前通常不用冠词，除非特指。例如：Iknowyoudontlike_musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?(2006全国III)/;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the,2.形容词、副词（3点）1).几个形容词作定语的排序问题。理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语，其排列顺序是：描绘形容词+大小(长短高低)形容词+形状形容词+年龄(新旧)形容词+颜色形容词+国籍形容词+材料形容词+用途(类别)形容词+名词。,例如：This_girlisLindscousin.(2005北京)A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish,2).绝不能忽略less、least及worse,worst等表示“更少”、“最少”、“更糟”、“最糟”等概念的比较级和最高级的使用。例如：Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_ofmyfriends.（2007上海）morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully,3).cannottoo无论也不过分/cannotmore再不过了。例如：MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe_carefulwiththat.(2005江西)enoughB.tooC.soD.veryGoforapicnicthisweekend,OK?_.Ilovegettingclosetonature.(2004福建)A.IcouldntagreemoreB.ImafraidnotC.IbelievenotD.Idontthinkso,3.代词(2点),指代词指一种情况:例如：Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(2006山东)A.thatB.itC.thisD.you又如：Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET1998)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them,2).one、theone都可以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时，同位语用theone，反之则用one。例如：Mymostfamousrelativeofall,_whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRobSussel,mygreatgrandfather.（2006江苏）oneB.theoneC.heD.someone,4.动词的时态（4点）1).时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如：_leaveattheendofthismonth.Idontthinkyoushoulddothatuntil_anotherjob.(2006北京)Imgoingto;youdfoundB.Imgoingto;youvefoundC.Ill;youllfindD.Ill;youdfind,2).一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如：I_inLondonformanyyears,butIveneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.（2006重庆）A.livedB.waslivingC.havelivedD.hadlived,3).Itis/wasthefirst/secondtime+完成时。例如：Doyouknowourtownatall?No,thisisthefirsttimeI_here.(NMET91)wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming,4).表示思维的动词，如：think、want、hope、plan、intend、mean、suppose等可以用过去完成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的情况。例如：Ouch!Youhurtme!Iamsorry.ButI_anyharm.I_todrivearatout.（2007江西）didntmean;triedB.dontmean;amtryingC.haventmeant;triedD.didntmean;wastrying,5.情态动词（2点）1).表示猜测、推测：must用在肯定句中；can,could用在疑问句中；may,might,can,could用在肯定句或否定句中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测，而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。,例如：Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.（2005安徽）shallB.mustC.mayD.can又如：Ivetakensomeoneelsesgreensweaterbymistake.It_Harrys.Healwayswearsgreen.(2005广东)hastobeB.willbeC.mustntbeD.couldbe,2).表示埋怨、责怪：should(not)+havedoneought(not)to+havedonecould+havedoneneednt+havedone例如：Mycatsreallyfat.You_havegivenhersomuchfood.（2007浙江）wouldntB.couldntC.shouldntD.mustnt,6.非谓语动词(7点),1)非谓语动词的基本概念:例如：Therehavebeenseveralnewevents_totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.(2006北京)A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added,2)英汉结构的差异:如：Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.（2006湖北)A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing,3).非谓语动词的时间差todo表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作，tobedoing强调正在进行,tohavedone则表示已经发生的动作。doing表示经常或正在进行的动作，havingdone表示已经完成的动作。done表示已经完成的动作。,4)非谓语动词的辩义:例如：_thiscake,youllneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(2006广东)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making再如：,5)非谓语的时间差:Afterhebecameconscious，heremembered_and_ontheheadwitharod(2006江西)A.toattack;hitBtobeattacked；tobehitC.attacking；behitD.havingbeenattacked；hit,6).独立主格结构独立主格结构的构成形式；独立主格结构的逻辑主语。例如：Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_fortheday.（2007重庆）A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished又如：,Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_,hegladlyacceptedit.（2007安徽）A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished再如：Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.（2007福建）A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled,7).非谓语动词作状语为已知条件，在选择句子时，要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如：Facedwithabillfor$10,000,_.(2006全国II)A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn,8).下列动词短语中的to为介词：objecttobe/getusedtobededicatedto（专注于）bedevotedtolookforwardtocontributetopayattentiontobeadjustedto（适应于）beadaptedto（适合于）getdowntosticktopreferto,例如：Isntittimeyougotdownto_thepapers?（2006重庆）A.markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking,9).现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如：Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.(2006全国II)A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told又如：Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_thatallchildrenlikethesethings.(2006全国III)thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought,10).need/want/require/deserve+doing/tobedone例如：Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_.（2007陕西）A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair,7.名词性从句与定语从句的辨析(4点),1).what不能引导定语从句。例如：Youcanonlybesureof_youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_youmightgetinthefuture.（2007安徽）A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that,2).as、which在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如：Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,_meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.（2006江苏）A.whoB.thatC.asD.which,3).where可以引导地点状语从句。例如：Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.(2006四川)A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where又如：Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.（2006天津）A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where,4).当先行词是situation、point、case时，定语从句由关系副词where引导。例如：Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_sheneededtodecidewhattodo.（2007江西）A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where又如：Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.（2007陕西）A.whichB.asC.whyD.where,8.动词及动词短语辨义:（江苏卷,2008）31.Imstillworkingonmyproject.Oh,youllmissthedeadline.Timeis_.A.runningoutB.goingoutC.givingoutD.losingout,Key:A,9.介词例:（北京卷）33.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,youdbetterleave_thebackdoor.A.forB.byC.acrossD.out,Key:B,10.连词例:(四川卷)12.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.A.butB.whileC.becauseD.though,Key:B,11.交际用语:例:（江苏卷,2008）26.Itshouldnttakelongtoclearupafterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp.Thatsright._.A.ManyhandsmakelightworkB.SomethingisbetterthannothingC.ThemorethemerrierD.Thesoonerbegun,thesoonerdone,Key:A,12.句型（9个）1.Itisthat/who2.Itisbefore3.Itissince4.Itsthefirst/secondtime5.Itisnotuntilthat,6.Itstime7.祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句8.祈使句+and+陈述句9.表示“倍数”的常用句型：Aistimesas+原级+asBAistimes+the+名词+ofBAistimes+比较级+thanB,
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