高一英语五种基本句型及巩固练习.ppt

1,英语基本句型及巩固练习课件,2,五种基本句型与Therebe.,（）主谓Theyareworkinghard.（）主谓宾Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.（）主谓宾宾Hegavemeanewbicycle.（）主系表Heisauniversitystudent.（）主谓宾宾补KarlMarxmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.（6）Therebe+主语Thereisaholeinthewall.,3,英语基本句型-1主谓结构,4,英语基本句型-1主谓结构本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。,如:1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesattherealone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.,5,(主语+不及物动词)扩展和修饰,Theboyspoketohisteacher.Thelittleboyspokeloudlytohisteacher.TheboynamedTomspoketohismathteacherinalowvoice.ThelittleboycalledTomspoketohisChineseteacher.,6,yesterdayevening.,twohours.,inthepasttenyears.,in1919.,1她昨天回家很晚。,2会议将持续两个小时。,3在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。,41919年，（在）北京爆发了“五.四”运动。,Shewenthome,verylate,Themeetingwilllast,Greatchangeshavetakenplace,inmyhometown,TheMayFourthMovementbrokeout,inBeijing,巩固练习：,7,inthemorning.,toborrowbooks.,tothesouth.,fiveyearsago.,fivekilos.,everyday.,5每天八时开始上课。,6这个盒子重五公斤。,7五年前我住在北京。,8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。,9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。,10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。,Classesbegin,ateight,Thisboxweighs,Ilived,inBeijing,somebirdsfly,Inautumn,Mygrandfathergetsup,early,alotofstudentscome,Everyafternoon,tothelibrary,8,11.会议有可能开两个半小时.12.我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边.13.她盼望已久的机会终于到来了.14.正在睡觉的婴儿笑了.,Themeetingwilllast,twoandahalfhours.,Theschool,lies,whereIstudy,bythebeautifullake.,Thechance,came,whichshewantedtogetforalongtime,atlast.,Thebaby,smiles.,sleeping,9,英语基本句型-2主谓宾结构,10,英语基本句型-2主谓宾结构,本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。,如：1.Tommadeaholeinthewall.2.Idontknowifhecancometomorrow.3.Theyhaventdecidedwheretogonext.4.ShestoppedteachingEnglishtwoyearsago.5.Ittookthemtenyearstobuildthedam.6.Motherpromisestogivemeapresent.,11,(主语+及物动词+宾语)扩展和修饰,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday,whichdisappointedmymumsomuch.,12,1昨晚我写了一封信。,2今天下午我想同你谈谈。,3这本书他读过多次了,4他们成功地完成了计划。,5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。,Iwrotealetter,lastnight.,Iwanttotalkwithyou,thisafternoon.,Hehasreadthisbook,manytimes.,Theyhavecarriedouttheplan,successfully.,Thatgentlemancanspeakthreelanguages,fluently.,巩固练习：,13,6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。7Jim还不会自己穿衣服。8我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。9.他不知道说什麽好。10.我开窗户你在意吗？,Ireceivedaletter,frommypenfriend,inAustralia.,Jimcannotdresshimself.,AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.,Hedidnotknowwhattosay.,Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?,14,英语基本句型3双宾语结构,15,英语基本句型3双宾语结构说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：Hebringsmecookieseveryday.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。,16,(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)扩展和修饰,Grandmatoldmeastory.Asexpected,Grandmatoldmeastory.Grandmatoldmeastoryforthepurposeofcheeringmeup.Grandmatoldmeonestoryafteranotherinthehopeofcheeringmeup.,17,1Johnson先生去年教我们德语。2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3请把那本字典递给我好吗？4他把车票给列车员看。,MrJohnsontaughtusGerman,lastyear.,Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstory,lastnight.,Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?,Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.,18,5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣,ShallIcallyouataxi?,Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.,Heboughtanewcoatforhismother,withhisfirstmonthssalary.,19,英语基本句型-4主系表结构,20,英语基本句型-4主系表结构本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;,21,OurEnglishteacheristhirtyyearsold.,Thecaketastesdelicious.,Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.,Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.,Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.,Deepwaterstaysstill.,22,(主语+连系动词+表语)扩展和修饰,Thesouptastesgood.Tooursurprise,Thesouptastesgood.Thesouptastesgood,whichisbeyondourexpectation.Franklyspeaking,Thesouptastesgood.Tobehonest,Thesouptastessogoodastosurpriseeveryone.,23,巩固练习：1冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少保持安静。4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。,Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.,Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.,Childrenseldomkeepquiet.,Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.,24,5他失业了。6树叶已经变黄了7这个报告听起来很有意思,Heisoutofwork.,Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.,Thereportsoundsinteresting.,25,1.AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.,主系表句型的几个特例：,2.Wearegreatlysurprisedtomeethimthere.,3.Itisnotagoodideatospendyourvacationwithstrangers.,4.Itiskindofyoutosayso.,5.Itisnoteasyforthemtogotherebybike.,6.IsitTomwhoisplayingthepiano?,7.Itisafactthattheycantpasstheexam.,26,英语基本句型5复合宾语结构,27,英语基本句型5复合宾语结构说明:此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：Thesunkeepsuswarm.Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.TheymadeTommonitor.Heusedtodohishomeworkwithhisradioon.用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.,28,巩固练习：1我们叫她Alice.2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。3他们把小偷释放了。4我要你把真相告诉我。5.卫兵命令我们立即离开。6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。7他每个月理一次发8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,WecallherAlice.,Allofusconsideredhimhonest.,Theyhavesetthethieffree.,Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.,Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.,EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.,Hehashishaircutonceamonth.,Wewontlethergooutatnight.,29,9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了10她正在听人家讲故事。11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。12他感到很难跟你交谈。13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。,Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.,Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.,Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.,Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.,Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.,Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.,30,英语基本句型6Therebe句型,31,英语基本句型6Therebe句型说明：此句型是由“there+be+主语+其他”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be之后，there仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词，而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如：Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.,32,be与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：现在有Thereis/are过去有Therewas/were将来有Therewillbe；Thereis/aregoingtobe.现在已经有Therehas/havebeen可能有Theremightbe.肯定有TheremustbeTheremusthavebeen.过去曾经有Thereusedtobe似乎有Thereseems/seem/seemedtobe碰巧有Therehappen/happens/happenedtobe,33,Therebe+主语(例句),TherewasabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.ThereseemedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherewassaidtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherehappenedtobeabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.TherecouldnthavebeenabigfireintheearlyAprilof1978.,34,巩固练习：1这个村子过去只有一口井。2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。3天气预报说下午有大风。4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。5战前这儿一直有家电影院的.,AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.,Theweathermansaystherellbeastrongwindintheafternoon.,Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneintheoffice.,Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.,Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.,35,6恰好那时房里没人。7从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。8公共汽车来了。9就只剩下二十八美元了。10铃响了。,Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroomatthattime.,Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.,Therecomesthebus.,Thereremainedonlytwentyeightdollars.,Theregoesthebell.,