2019-2020年高考英语阅读理解、书面表达四月自练（12）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语阅读理解、书面表达四月自练（12）阅读理解Bedford Castle: The Home of Bedfordshire Royalty Bedfordshire in the south of England had its fair share of royal visits from the early stages of the 10th century onwards and the importance that the county placed on this is evident in the monuments, country houses, churches and any number of other structures that are still present there to this day. Bedford Castle is one of those structures and, although it is nowhere near its former glory today, it is an essential attraction to visit if you really want to grasp what its heritage means to the county! Bedford Castle was built initially as a fortress to help protect Bedfordshire on the south of the River Ouse after the people in the local towns and villages had already been subdued. It was set up in 919 on the orders of King Edward the Elder, although it was destroyed by a Danish invasion years later. This was when it was rebuilt as the castle, of which the ruins exist today! There is a long history behind the castle that involves several kings as a result of the Duke of Bedford being an ardent(热心的)royalist(保皇主义者). Bedford Castle repeatedly offered the kings of England refuge against various storms in the form of onslaughts(攻击)from abroad and various domestic threats against them, and this is where much of its fame lies, even though the castle itself is no longer there. There are various tours of the ruins that you can take when you visit though and all of the guides are extremely knowledgeable. They will happily tell you tales of the mound(土丘)and the castle that preceded it. The mound is open to the public all year round and is a proud part of the areas heritage. It is remended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. You can view the river from the mound and the surrounding settlements as well as the remains of the castle, and every moment spent there is worth it so enjoy the history and the very nature of the county itself! 【文章大意】本文向大家介绍了英国的一个旅游胜地贝德福德城堡。1. What do we know from the first paragraph? A. The royals pay regular visits to Bedfordshire. B. Bedfordshire had its fair share of royal visit. C. Most of the ancient buildings are in use today. D. Bedford Castle represents the history of the county. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章第一段主要通过叙述英格兰南部贝德福德郡和皇室的渊源让我们了解它独特的历史, 而代表性建筑贝德福德城堡正是这段历史的见证物, 因此D项反映了本段文字的主旨。2. The kings of England came to Bedford Castle. A. to seek temporary protectionB. to visit the Duke of BedfordC. to enjoy the beauty of natureD. to escape from the bad weather【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 在历史上贝德福德城堡曾多次作为英格兰国王的避难所, 所以可以推断英格兰国王来此城堡多半是“寻求临时庇护”。3. Why are visitors remended to visit Bedfordshire? A. It is the major heritage in that region. B. It reflects the history of Bedfordshire. C. The ancient castle is well worth visiting. D. The castle is still in good condition. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段It is remended by the majority of people that you visit Bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. 一句可知, 游客之所以被建议游览贝德福德城堡, 就是因为它反映了该郡的历史变迁。4. The purpose of writing the text is. A. to introduce Bedford CastleB. to tell the history of BedfordshireC. to attract tourists to BedfordshireD. to show where the kings used to go【解析】选A。推理判断题。结合本文标题和内容可知, 作者写此文的目的主要是向人们介绍贝德福德城堡的有关情况。所以选A。阅读理解。The research carried out by the University of Bari in Italy could help prove hospitals who are accused of wasting money on art and decoration as it suggests a pleasant environment helps patients ease disfort and pain.A team headed by Professor Marina de Tommaso at the Neurophysiopathology Pain Unit asked a group of men and women to pick the 20 paintings they considered most ugly and most beautiful from a selection of 300 works by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli. They were then asked to look at either the beautiful paintings, or the ugly painting, or a blank panel while the team zapped(照射) a short laser pulse at their hand, creating a sensation as if they had been stuck by a pin. The subjects rated the pain as being a third less intense while they were viewing the beautiful paintings, pared with when looking at the ugly paintings or the blank panel. Electrodes measuring the brains electrical activity also confirmed a reduced response to the pain when the subject looked at beautiful paintings.While distractions, such as music, are known to reduce pain in hospital patients, Prof de Tommaso says this is the first result to show that beauty plays a part.The findings, reported in New Scientist, also go a long way to show that beautiful surroundings could aid the healing process.Hospitals have been designed to be functional, but we think that their artistic aspects should be taken into account too, said the neurologist. Beauty obviously offers a distraction that ugly paintings do not. But at least there is no suggestion that ugly surroundings make the pain worse. I think these results show that more research is needed into the field how a beautiful environment can alleviate suffering.Pictures they liked included Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh and Botticellis Birth of Venus. Pictures they found ugly included works by Pablo Picasso, the Italian 20th century artist Anonio Bueno and Columbian Fernando Botero. These people were not art experts so some of the pictures they found ugly would be considered masterpieces by the art world, said Prof de Tommaso.16. The underlined word “alleviate” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_”.A. cure B. ease C. improve D. kill17. How many artists have been mentioned in the passage?A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7.18. Which of the following is TURE about the view of Prof de Tommasos?A. Beautiful surroundings could help to heal sufferings pletely.B. Hospitals must take their artistic aspects into consideration first.C. Ugly surroundings will surely make the pain worse.D. Both music and beauty can reduce pain in hospital patients.19. From the last paragraph, we know that _.A. some artists paintings were beautiful, so they were masterpiecesB. only art experts could judge they were masterpieces or not, though uglyC. the artists mentioned above were not really art masters.D. some of them were art masters, while others were not.20. Which of the following is the suitable title for the passage?A. Beautiful surroundings can ease pain. B. Ugly paintings could be masterpieces.C. More research should be done in the field. D. Latest environmental research.【参考答案16-20】BCDBA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。I took the bus to work for many years. No one knew each other; the passengers all sat there sleepily in the morning. The bus was cheerless and silent. One of the passengers was a small grey man who took the bus to the center for senior citizens every morning. No one ever paid very much attention to him. One July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled. The driver nodded guardedly. The rest of us were silent. The next day, the old man boarded with a big smile and said in a loud voice, “A very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured “ good morning” in reply. The following weeks, our friend was dressed in a nice old suit and tie. The thin hair had been carefully bed. He said good morning to us every day and we gradually began to nod and talk to each other. One morning he even had a bunch of wild flowers in his hand. The driver turned around smilingly and asked, “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie?” We never got to know if his name really was “Charlie”, but he nodded shyly and said yes. The other passengers whistled and clapped at him. Charlie waved the flowers before he sat down on his seat. Every morning after that Charlie always brought flowers. Some passengers also brought flowers for him. The bus became a happy place. Then, one morning, as autumn was closing in, Charlie wasnt waiting at his usual stop. When he wasnt there the next day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick or hopefully-on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the center for senior citizens, one of the passengers even asked the driver to wait. We all held our breaths when he went to the door. The old gentleman was fine, but one of his close friends had died over the weekend. How silent we were the rest of the way to work.The next Monday Charlie was waiting at the stop, and without a tie. Inside the bus was silent. 1. The story is mainly developed by _. A. time B. logic C. parison D. cause and result 2. Greeted with “good morning” from the old man, people aboard the bus at first _. A. felt tired and sleepy and didnt want to talk B. greeted him back loudly and politelyC. guarded against the conversation from strangers D. felt surprised and became angry with him. 3. When the passengers found the old man was not waiting at the bus stop as usual, they did the following things EXCEPT _. A. buy flowers and wait for him to e B. feel anxious and worried about him C. miss him and expect to see him D. hope he was going on holiday rather than falling ill 4. It can be inferred from the text that _. A. the driver didnt like the old man at first B. people usually wear a tie when they are happy C. passengers brought flowers to express gratitude（感激） to the old man D. the old man had a great influence on the passengers emotion 5. The purpose of the passage is to _. A. introduce the old gentleman and praise his good deeds B. persuade us to bee friendly and considerate to people around C. tell us to keep silent when somebody passes away D. criticize those who remain silent when they are greeted 【参考答案】15、ACADB （xx广东卷）第二节 读写任务（共1小题；满分25分）阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and ironing other peoples clothes. As a laundrywoman, she was paid only a few dollars each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, so they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.The money was i me savings. She could save such a large amount of money because she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flew to anywhere till the donation（捐助），and in 50 years she had been out of the South only once. The house in which she lived was also a rather modest one her last uncle left her. Only after she became known in America did she begin to travel all over the country. Since then, she had been the subject of many interviews and articles and was even invited to the White House.Her donation was for students who clearly needed financial help. She herself left school in the sixth grade and had never married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebodys child go to college gave her much pleasure.写作内容用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。用约120个词就Miss McCarty的捐助谈谈你的想法，内容包括：你如何看待她的捐助行为；你认为她的捐助对受惠学生有哪些影响；如果你自己要捐助，你会选择哪个群体并陈述理由。写作要求作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子。作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。【考点】考察任务型写作【写作指导】本文要求首先叙述短文内容：别人眼里很贫穷的却为别人捐了$ 150,000。该部分一定要简洁扼要，不要使用过多的复杂句式，容易超过字数限制。 然后就如何看待她的捐助行为，捐助行为的影响，以及如果你捐助，你会选择什么群体。分别展开阐述。本文是是由一般现在时，在谈自己的看法时使用第一人称。考生可以用自己的亲身经历为例进行详细说明。 本文给考生自由发挥的余地很大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。【参考范文】