2019-2020年高考英语专题汇编 专题5 非谓语动词（A卷）（含解析）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语专题汇编 专题5 非谓语动词（A卷）（含解析）I.单项填空1.（xx浙江省宁波市十校高三3月联考5）_ adequate water for all residents was, until only a few decades ago, a serious problem.A. Providing B. Provided C. Having provided D. Provide2.（xx浙江省杭州地区七校高三第三次质量检测14）My friend, Jack, is thought _ foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted3.（xx浙江省宁波市十校高三3月联考10）Chinas e-merce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov. 11 shopping carnival broke new records, the Double Twelve shopping day _ with success. A. having followed B. following C. followed D. to follow4.(xx江苏省南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市高三第三次调研24) What did David demand in the meeting just now? _ a chance to join the Debating Club.A. Being offered B. Having been offered C. To be offered D. To have been offered5.( xx江苏省南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市高三第三次调研32) _, the environment of our city has been greatly improved. A. Paid attention to B. Being paid attention to C. Paying attention D. Having paid attention6.（xx湖南省怀化市高三第二次模拟29）Was it _ the conference of APEC that made Shanghai the focus of the world?A. holding B. to hold C. having been held D. held7.（xx浙江省高三第二次五校联考13）Easy as the problem is _, Im still worried about _ another breakdown. A. worked out; there is B. to work out; there beingC. working out; it is D. to be worked out; it being8.（xx浙江省嘉兴市高三下学期教学测试12） My mom held me and my brother tight, tears of happiness _ her face, feeling proud of our final success. A. to cover B. covered C. having covered D. covering9.（xx江苏省泰州市高三第二次模拟25）Johnson is said to be the first young teacher _ to professor in your university this year. Exactly. _ of his own petence is an important factor in his success.A. promoted; Convincing. B. to have been promoted; ConvincingC. promoted; Convinced. D. to have been promoted; Being convinced10.（xx湖南省十三校高三第二次联考29）Every morning Jacks wife will stand before the mirror, _ herself before leaving home Aadmired Bbeing admired Cto admire Dadmiring;11.（xx 湖南省十三校高三第二次联考26）Many of the only children are so accustomed to_ that they react violently when they hear something different Ahaving praised Bpraised Cpraising Dbeing praised12.（xx湖南省怀化市高三第二次模拟34）Everyone in the city is sure to benefit from the new shopping mall _ next year.A. to be pleted B. having pleted C. pleted D. pleting13.（xx福建省福州市高中毕业班第二次质量检测27）Li Na, the first _ a ranking of world No2 in Asia, retired from tennis in September, xxAto achieve Bachieving Cto have achieved Dachieved14.（xx福建省普通高中毕业班4月质量检查28）Life is always full of hardships. _ a better life, we need positive energy. A. Live B. To live C. Living D. Lived 15.（xx福建省普通高中毕业班4月质量检查23）Jack Ma is ambitious about his firms future, _ that Alibabas achievements will one day top Walmart.A. says B. to say C. saying D. saidII.完形填空（xx南京市、盐城市二模）Why do young adult children bee independent so much later than they did in 1970，when the average age of independent living was 21? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销）not 16 higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of todays kids so poor when 17 with that of children in the 1935s and before? Why do todays 18 bee defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school? The answer in two words: parental 19 . Those two words best summarize the 20 between “old” child raising and new, post-1935s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be 21 involved with their kids. They were available 22 crisis, but they stood a (an) 23 distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the childs 24 , back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was 25 children learned to be responsible and determined.Todays parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are 26 when it es to an understanding of their purpose in their kids lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; 27, the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are 28 .University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in childrens academics. Their conclusions 29 what Ive been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework 30 a childs academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.Parents who manage a childs social life interfere with the 31 of good social skills. Parents who manage a childs after-school activities grow kids who dont know how to 32 their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids, 33 with peers grow kids who dont know how to avoid much less trouble.These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and dont want to leave their 34 . And their parents, when the time es, dont know how to 35 being parents. You can imagine what will bee of their future.16. A. counted on B. resulted in C. touched on D. taken in17. A. associated B. linked C. pared D. matched18. A. parents B. adolescents C. psychologists D. youths19. A. assistance B. protection C. involvement D. preference20. A. differences B. similarities C. choices D. relations21. A. slightly B. passively C. highly D. fairly22. A. in case of B. in spite of C. in view of D. in fear of23. A. equal B. safe C. long D. short24. A. fault B. turn C. job D. attitude25. A. when B. how C. why D. what26. A. confused B. disappointed C. amazed D. satisfied27. A. however B. still C. yet D. thus28. A. unreasonable B. changeable C. understandable D. avoidable29. A. confirmed B. convinced C. realized D. reflected30. A. decides B. lowers C. helps D. stimulates31. A. appearance B. performance C. establishment D. development32. A. value B. devote C. fill D. save33. A. munication B. conflicts C. cooperation D. petitions34. A. home B. school C. career D. profession35. A. start B. ignore C. consider D. stopIII.阅读理解 (xx南京市高三第三次模拟考试)Knots are the kind of stuff that even myths are made of.In the Greek legend of the Gordian knot, for example, Alexander the Great used his sword to slice through a knot that had failed all previous attempts to unite it. Knots, enjoy a long history of tales and fanciful names such as “Englishmans tie, ” “and “cats paw. ” Knots became the subject of serious scientific investigation when in the 1860s the English physicist William Thomson (known today as Lord Kelvin) proposed that atoms were in fact knotted tubes of ether（醚）. In order to be able to develop the equivalent of a periodic table of the elements, Thomson had to be able to classify knots find out which different knots were possible. This sparked a great interest in the mathematical theory of knots.A mathematical knot looks very much like a familiar knot in a string, only with the strings ends joined. In Thomsons theory, knots could, in principle at least, model atoms of increasing plexity, such as the hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms, respectively. For knots to be truly useful in a mathematical theory, however, mathematicians searched for some precise way of proving that what appeared to be different knots were really different the couldnt be transformed one into the other by some simple manipulation（操作）. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the Scottish mathematician Peter Guthrie Tait and the University of Nebraska professor Charles Newton Little published plete tables of knots with up to ten crossings. Unfortunately, by the time that this heroic effort was pleted, Kelvins theory had already been totally discarded as a model for atomic structure. Nevertheless, even without any other application in sight, the mathematical interest in knot theory continued at that point for its own sake. In fact, mathematical became even more fascinated by knots. The only difference was that, as the British mathematician Sir Michael Atiyah has put it, “the study of knots became a special branch of pure mathematics. ”Two major breakthroughs in knot theory occurred in 1928 and in 1984. In 1928, the American mathematician James Waddell Alexander discovered an algebraic expression that uses the arrangement of crossings to label the knot. For example, t2-t+1 or t2-3t+1, or else. Decades of work in the theory of knots finally produced the second breakthrough in 1984. The New Zealander-American mathematician Vaughan Jones noticed an unexpected relation between knots and another abstract branch of mathematics, which led to the discovery of a more sensitive invariant known as the Jones polynomial.36. What is surprising about knots?A. They originated from ancient Greek legend.B. The study of knots is a branch of mathematics.C. Knots led to the discovery of atom structure.D. Alexander the Great made knots well known.37. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. No other application found except tables of knots.B. The study of knots meeting a seemingly dead end.C. Few scientist showing interest in knots. D. The publication of plete tables of knots.38. According to the passage, _ shows the most updated study about knots.A. t2-t+1 B. t2-3t+1 C. Alexander polynomial D. Jones polynomial39. Which one would be the best title for this passage?A. Mathematicians VS Physicians B. To be or Knot to beC. Knot or Atom D. Knot VS MathematicsIV.微写作（xx长春市普通高中高三质量监测）假定你是红星中学李华，你校正在开展提高社会公德活动。请你根据下列要点，用英文写一篇演讲稿。1. 不守公德现象； 2. 改进的方法； 3. 呼吁。注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好。Dear friends. Nowadays we can still see some behaviors against public morals. _Thank you!专题5 非谓语动词（A卷）参考答案与解析I.单项填空1.【答案】A【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：直到几十年前，给全体居民提供足够的是还是一个严重的问题。此处是动名词短语做主语，动词原形、过去分词等不可做主语。故选A。2.【答案】B【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：我的朋友，Jack，被认为做事愚蠢。现在没有人只有他自己因失去工作而受到责备。be thought to have done被认为已经做了，该结构只用于被动语态。be thought to do sth被认为将要做。故选B。3.【答案】B【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：由于双十一破了新纪录，双十二继续获得成功，中国电商阿里巴巴巨人拥有了令人惊奇的一年。the Double Twelve shopping day是follow的动作执行者，且是已发生，应该现在分词，故选B。4.【答案】C【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：刚才在会上David要求什么？提供一个参加辩论俱乐部的机会。答语是回答的what，将答语变成主句，则句子变成：David demanded to be offered a chance to join the Debating Club in the meeting just now。Demand后跟不定式作宾语，句子的主语David是offer的动作承受者，应用不定式的被动式作宾语，由于offer动作在将来发生，应用不定式的被动式。故选C。5.【答案】A【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：由于被关注了，我们城市的环境已经大大改善。句子的主语the environment of our city是pay attention to的动作承受者，应用过去分词作原因状语。故选A。6.【答案】A【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：是举行APEC会议让上海成为世界的焦点。强调句型的结构是：It is +被强调部分 + that +不被强调部分。不被强调部分一般用that引出，如强调人时，则可用who，其它情况下都要用that引出。该题强调的是句子的主语部分holding the conference of APEC，也就是v-ing形式作主语。故选A。7.【答案】B【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：尽管这个问题解答很容易，我仍然担心再有故障。第一空在as引导的让步状语从句中，从句使用的句型是：主语+ be + easy to do，做某事很容易，句子的主语也是do的宾语，第一空应用to work out；第二空在介词about之后，应用动词ing形式，there be句型的ing形式就是there being +名词。故选B。8.【答案】D【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：我的妈妈紧紧抱住我和弟弟，满脸幸福的眼泪，为我们最后的成功感到骄傲。此处是独立主格结构，happiness是cover的动作执行者，且动作正在进行，故应用现在分词构成独立主格结构。故选D。9.【答案】D【命题立意】考查非谓语动词。【解析】第一空前的名词teacher被the first修饰，一般只能用不定式作定语，排除A和C。第二空是动名词短语，根据convince的用法特点：be convinced of sth对有信心。题意：-约翰逊据说是今年你们大学晋级教授的第一位年轻教师。真的。他对自己竞争力的自信心是他成长的一个重要因素。所以选D。 10.【答案】D【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：每天早晨，出门前，Jack的妻子将会站在镜子前，欣赏自己。admiring作stand的伴随状语。故选D。11.【答案】D【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：独生子中的许多如此习惯于被表扬以致于当他们听到不同的事情时都会反应很剧烈。Be accustomed to +动词ing形式，“习惯于”，句子的主语是praise的动作承受者，故用v-ing形式的被动式。故选D。12.【答案】A【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：这座城市的每一个人相信将受益于明年完工的新购物中心。根据题干中的关键词next year可知此处只能用不定式表示将来发生的事情；mall是plete的动作承受者，故应选A。13.【答案】A【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：李娜，亚洲世界排名第二的第一人，在xx年9月份从网球界退役。当名词被序数词修饰或序数词中心词时，只能用不定式一般式作定语。故判断选A。14.【答案】B【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：生活总是充满艰辛。为了过更好的生活，我们需要积极的能量。只有不定式可做目的状语，根据句意句中缺少目的状语，故选B。15.【答案】C【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。【解析】句意：Jack Ma对他的未来雄心勃勃，说阿里巴巴的成功将有一天会超越沃尔玛。现在分词做主句的伴随状语，不定式和过去分词都不可做伴随状语。故选C。II.完形填空【文章解读】本文是一篇关于家庭教育的文章。作者主要论证了抚养孩子不应该再是自己父母的事，隔代培养不利于孩子的成长。16.【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词短语的用法。【解析】本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。count on依赖；result in导致，造成；touch on谈及，涉及；take in吸收。根据句意判断，“为什么缩减的班级规模和增加的每个学生个人消费没有导致更高的学业成功水平”。故选B。17.【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。associated联系；link联系；pare比较；match相配。和20世纪0年代或以前相比，孩子的心灵那么脆弱。be pared with和相比。故选C。18.【答案】A【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。Parents父母亲；adolescents成年人；psychologists心理学家；youths年轻人。根据空后的defensive有保护意识的，应是父母亲。故选A。19.【答案】C【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。assistance帮助；protection保护；involvement卷入；preference偏爱。与下文的involved对应。故选C。20.【答案】A【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。differences不同；similarities相似性；choices选择；relations关系。“这两个单词最好地总结了古老的孩子抚养和新的，35后的父母抚养之间的不同。”故选A。21.【答案】C【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。slightly轻轻地；passively被动地；highly高度地；fairly相当，很。Be highly involved with高度参与。故选C。22.【答案】A【命题立意】考查介词短语的用法。【解析】本空考查介词短语基本含义的辨析。in case of避免，万一；in spite of尽管；in view of鉴于；in fear of害怕。根据句意：他们随叫随到，以免出现危急时刻。故选A。23.【答案】B【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。equal平等的；safe安全的；long长的；short短的。a safe distance安全的距离。故选B。24.【答案】C【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。fault瑕疵，错误；turn次序；job工作；attitude态度。“让父母们别卷进来，是孩子的工作（职责）”。故选C。25.【答案】B【命题立意】考查表语从句的用法。【解析】本空考查表语从句的用法。空后的表语从句中缺少方式状语，故选B。26.【答案】A【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。confused混淆不清的；disappointed感到失望的；amazed感到惊奇的；satisfied感到满足的。“这些就是那些当谈及他们在孩子生活中的目的时迷惑不解的父母们。”故选A。27.【答案】D【命题立意】考查副词的用法。【解析】本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。however尽管如此；still还；yet还；thus这样，也就是说。空后的defensiveness就是解释前文的 personalize everything that happens to their kids。故选D。28.【答案】C【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。【解析】本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。unreasonable不合情合理的；changeable可改变的；understandable可理解的；avoidable可避免的。与该句的状语部分given.相对应，应是“可理解的。”故选C。29.【答案】A【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。confirm确认；convince使相信；realize实现，意识到；reflect反映。此处作者用这个大学的研究分析来支持自己的观点，故选A。30.【答案】B【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。decide决定；lower降低；help帮助；stimulate积累。根据前文作者反对父母对孩子照顾过多，父母般的对孩子照顾降低了孩子学业上的成就。故选B。31.【答案】D【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。appearance出现，表情；performance表演；establishment建立；development发展。the development of good social skills良好社交技能的发展。故选D。32.【答案】C【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。value骨架，尊重；devote投入；fill充满；save挽救。根据句意：管理孩子课外生活的父母养大不知道如何充实自己自由时间的孩子。故选C。33.【答案】B【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。munication交流；conflicts冲突；cooperation合作；petitions比赛，竞争。此处指孩子和父母之间在抚养孩子方面观点的冲突故选B。34.【答案】A【命题立意】考查名词的用法。【解析】本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。Home家；school学业，学校；career职业；profession专职。有焦虑和各种各样的恐惧的孩子不想离开家，因为他们害怕遇到挫折。故选A。35.【答案】D【命题立意】考查动词的用法。【解析】本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。start开始；ignore忽视；consider考虑；stop停止。父母们也不知道如何停止做父母，做回自己。故选D。III.阅读理解【文章解读】该文章主要讲述了一个新的数学分支的历史，就是不是Knot展开了讨论。36.【答案】B【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据文章第三段的最后一句话“the study of knots became a special branch of pure mathematics.可知knots已经变成数学的一个分支了。故选B。37.【答案】A【命题立意】考查词义猜测题。【解析】根据文章前文的without any other application in sight判断that代指的是No other application found except tables of knots，故选A。38.【答案】D【命题立意】考查细节辨认题。【解析】根据题干关键词the most updated study about knots找到文章对应段落是文章最后一段的最后一句话中的another abstract branch of mathematics, which led to the discovery of a more sensitive invariant known as the Jones polynomial可知选D。39.【答案】B【命题立意】考查主旨大意题。【解析】通读全文，可知文章主要告诉我们knot变成数学分支的历史，并就是不是knot进行讨论，故选B。IV.微写作 【范文】 One possible version:Dear friends. Nowadays we can still see some behaviors against public morals. As is often the case, people tend to talk loud in public places, annoying others around. Spitting and littering rubbish can be seen everywhere. Whats more, its mon that the young or middle-aged sit on the bus while the elderly stand. Measures must be taken to change this situation. First of all, as students, we should manage our own behaviors and help people around us form good habits. Meanwhile, it is necessary for the government and authorized organizations to encourage people to behave properly. Dont underestimate the role you can play. Do remember, we can make a difference! Take action right now!Thank you!【思路点拨】 本文是应用文，要求学生就提高社会公德写一演讲稿，故应用一般现在时和第一人称。 文章的时态使用得当，足见作者语言功底。文中使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，that引导主语从句，while引导时间状语从句；还有whats more，meanwhile等插入语或连词和It is necessary for sb to do sth固定句型等的灵活运用等让文章一气呵成，堪称佳作。