2019-2020年中考数学复习一元二次方程专练因式分解解一元二次方程136题.doc

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2019-2020年中考数学复习一元二次方程专练因式分解解一元二次方程136题13(x2)2x(x2)=0, 23x(x+2)=5(x+2) 32x28x=04. x23x4=05 x22x3=06 x(x3)4(3x)=0,7. 3(x2)2=x(x2); 8. 2x25x3=0 9. (3x1)2=(x+1)2 10. x(x6)=2(x8) 114+4(1+x)+4(1+x)2=19 12x24x5=0 13.3(5x)2=2(5x) 14.(x3)2=2(3x) 152x2+x6=0 162x2x1=0; 17. 3x(x1)=2(x1)2 18x(x5)+4x=019 x22x=0 20(x3)2+2x(x3)=0; 21x23x=0;22(x2)2=(2x+3)2 233x211x4=0 242x(x1)x+1=025. 2x2+x3=0 26x22x15=0; 27. 2x(x3)+x=328. x(x3)=155x;29(x1)22(x1)=030x(x2)x+2=0;31. 2x23x5=032.4x2x1=3x2, 33. 34.(x3)22(x1)=x735. 3x(x2)2(x2)=0 36. 3x2x2=0; 37. (x6)2(32x)2=038(x3)2=5(3x)(x3)2=5(3x)39(2x+1)2=2(2x+1)40(3x1)(x1)=(4x+1)(x1)41 x2x6=0,42x28(x+6)=0432x26x=044(x3)(x+1)=5 452x28x=0;46x2+2x15=047. 2x25x7=048. 2y(y3)=4(y3)49. x27x18=050. 3x2+8x3=051 2x(x3)=93x 52x24x=553. 8x2+10x=0543x2+4x7=0,55. 3x25x+2=056. 2(x3)2=x23x 57x2=3x;58. (3x2)2=(2x3)259. (y2)2+2y(y2)=060.2y(y+2)=y+261. 5x2+3x=0 62.(3x2)2=(2x3)263. x(x3)=5(x3);64. (2x+3)25(2x+3)+4=065. (2x7)25(2x7)+4=066. (3x1)2=x2+6x+967.(2x+2)2=3(2x+2)(x1)68.(x+7)(x3)+4x(x+1)=069.2x(x+3)3(x+3)=070. x2=x(x2)71. x2+8x9=072x(2x5)=4x10 73 (2x5)2(x+4)2=0 742(x1)2=x21 75. 76. 4x(2x1)=3(2x1); 77. 2x2+x1=078. (3x2)(x+4)=(3x2)(5x1);79. (x+1)(x+3)=1580. x25x6=081. x22x=9982. (x3)24x+12=083. 4(x+1)2=9(x2)284. x2=2x85. (x+4)2=5(x+4)87. 16(x1)2=225 88. 4x24x+1=x26x+989. 9(x+1)2=4(x1)2(4)x24x+4=(32x)290. (x2)2=(32x)291. (x+2)210(x+2)+25=0 92x22(pq)x4pq=093x2+10x+21=0,942(x2)2=3(x2) 95. 3(x5)2=2(5x),96. ,97. 5x24x12=0,98. (x)=5x(x),999(x2)24(x+1)2=0100101x28x+15=0;103. 6x2x12=0104. 2x2x6=0105. x2+6x5=0 106. (x5)2=(2x1)(5x)107. (x+1)(x+2)=3x+6 108. x29=0, 109. x2+3x4=0,110. x23x+2=0,111. 4(3x1)2 =25(2x+1)2112. (3x+5)24(3x+5)+3=0113. (3x+2)(x+3)=x+14 114. 3(x+1)2=(x+1)115.(x2)24=0 116.(x3)2+2x(x3)=0117.(3x1)2=(x+1)2118.(x+5)22(x+5)8=0119. x28x=9120. (x2)2=(2x+3)2121. x23=3(x+1); 122. (y3)2+3(y3)+2=0 123. 7x(5x+2)=6(5x+2) 1246(x+4)2(x+4)2=0 125. x2(3m1)x+2m2m=0,126x22x224=0 127.1285x(x3)(x3)(x+1)=0129x211x+28=0130. 4y225=0;131.(2x+3)236=0; 132. x23x+2=0;133. 2t27t4=0;134. 5y(y1)=2(y1)135. x2+(1+2)x+3+=0; 136.(x3)2+(x+4)2(x5)2=17x+24 137.x23|x|4=0 分解因式法解一元二次方程136题参考答案:13(x2)2x(x2)=0, (x2)(3x6x)=0, x2=0或2x6=0, 解得:x1=2,x2=3;23x(x+2)=5(x+2) 原方程可化为3x(x+2)5(x+2)=0, (3x5)(x+2)=0, 解得x1=2,32x28x=0 因式分解,得2x(x4)=0, 于是得,2x=0或x4=0, 即x1=0,x2=44. x23x4=0因式分解,得(x4)(x+1)=0,于是得,x4=0或x+1=0, 解得:x1=4,x2=15x22x3=0原方程可以变形为(x3)(x+1)=0 x3=0,x+1=0x1=3,x2=16x(x3)4(3x)=0,(x3)(x+4)=0,x3=0或x+4=0,解得:x1=3,x2=4;7. 3(x2)2=x(x2); 整理得3(x2)2x(x2)=0 即(x2)(x3)=0 x1=2,x2=38. 2x25x3=0(2x+1)(x3)=0 x1=0.5,x2=39. (3x1)2=(x+1)2原方程可化为:(3x1)2(x+1)2=0,(3x1+x+1)(3x1x1)=0, 4x=0或2x2=0, 解得:x1=0,x2=1;10. x(x6)=2(x8) x26x=2x16 x28x+16=0 (x4)2=0 x1=x2=4114+4(1+x)+4(1+x)2=19原式可变为4(1+x)2+4(1+x)15=02(1+x)32(1+x)+5=0 x1=,x2=12x24x5=0(x5)(x+1)=0 x5=0或x+1=0 x1=5,x2=113.3(5x)2=2(5x) 原方程可变形为: 3(5x)22(5x)=0(5x)3(5x)2=0 (5x)(133x)=0 则x1=5,x2=14.(x3)2=2(3x) 原式可变为(x3)22(3x)=0 (x3)(x1)=0 x1=3,x2=1152x2+x6=0 2x2+x6=0(x+2)(2x3)=0 x+2=0或2x3=0x1=2,x2=162x2x1=0; 原方程可化为:(x1)(2x+1)=0, x1=0或2x+1=0, 解得:x1=1,x2=17. 3x(x1)=2(x1)2原方程可化为:3x(x1)2(x1)2=0,(x1)(3x2x+2)=0, x1=0或x+2=0, 解得:x1=1,x2=218x(x5)+4x=0即x(x5+4)=0 x(x1)=0 x1=0,x2=119 x22x=0 x(x2)=0x=0或x2=0x1=0,x2=220(x3)2+2x(x3)=0; 原方程可化为:(x3)(x3+2x)=0 (x3)(x1)=0 x1=3,x2=121x23x=0; x(x3)=0 x1=0,x2=322(x2)2=(2x+3)2 (x2)2=(2x+3)2即(x2)2(2x+3)2=0(3x+1)(x+5)=0x1=5,x2=233x211x4=0 把方程3x211x4=0 即(x4)(3x+1)=0, 解得x1=4,x2=242x(x1)x+1=0原方程变形为:2x(x1)(x1)=0(x1)(2x1)=0x1=0或2x1=0解得x1=1,x2=;25. 2x2+x3=0 原方程变形为:(x1)(2x+3)=0x1=1,x2=26x22x15=0; 原式可化为:(x5)(x+3)=0得x1=5,x2=327. 2x(x3)+x=3原式可化为:(x3)(2x+1)=0得,x2=328. x(x3)=155x;x(x3)=5(x3)(x3)(x+5)=0 x1=3,x2=529(x1)22(x1)=0(x1)22(x1)=0,(x1)(x12)=0,x1=0或x3=0,x1=1,x2=330x(x2)x+2=0;原方程可化为:x(x2)(x2)=0,(x2)(x1)=0,解得:x1=2,x2=1;31. 2x23x5=0原方程可化为:(2x5)(x+1)=0,2x5=0或x+1=0,解得:x1=,x2=132.4x2x1=3x2, 4x24x+1=0 即(2x1)2=0, 解得33.解: 34.(x3)22(x1)=x7 移项,合并同类项得,(x3)23x+9=0, 即,(x3)23(x3)=0, 因式分解得,(x33)(x3)=0 则x3=0或(x6)=0, 解得,x1=3,x2=635. 3x(x2)2(x2)=0 (x2)(3x2)=0 x1=2,x2=;36. 3x2x2=0; 原方程变形得,(3x+2)(x1)=0,x2=1;37. (x6)2(32x)2=0 原方程变形得,(x6+32x)(x63+2x)=0(x+3)(3x9)=0x1=3,x2=338(x3)2=5(3x)(x3)2=5(3x)(x3)2+5(x3)=0(x3)(x+2)=0x1=3,x2=239(2x+1)2=2(2x+1)原方程可化为:(2x+1)22(2x+1)=0,(2x+1)(2x+12)=0,(2x+1)(2x1)=0,解得:x1=,x2=40(3x1)(x1)=(4x+1)(x1)(3x1)(x1)(4x+1)(x1)=0,(x1)(3x1)(4x+1)=0,(x1)(x+2)=0,x1=1,x2=241x2x6=0,(x+2)(x3)=0,x+2=0或x3=0,解得x1=3,x2=242x28(x+6)=0原方程化为x28x48=0(x+4)(x12)=0解得x1=4,x2=12432x26x=0原方程变形为2x(x3)=02x=0或x3=0x1=0,x2=344(x3)(x+1)=5 x22x8=0, (x4)(x+2)=0 x1=4,x2=2452x28x=0;因式分解,得2x(x4)=0, 2x=0或x4=0,解得,x=0或x=4;46x2+2x15=0(x+5)(x3)=0x+5=0或x3=0x1=5,x2=3;47. 2x25x7=0因式分解得(x+1)(2x7)=0解得:,x2=1;48. 2y(y3)=4(y3)2y(y3)4(y3)=0(y3)(2y4)=0(2分)y1=3,y2=249. x27x18=0解:(x9)(x+2)=0x9=0或x+2=0x1=9,x2=250. 3x2+8x3=0解:方程可以化为(x+3)(3x1)=0x+3=0或3x1=0即x1=3,x2=51 2x(x3)=93x 2x(x3)(93x)=02x(x3)+3(x3)=0(x3)(2x+3)=0x1=3,x2=52x24x=5 x24x5=0(x5)(x+1)=0x5=0,x+1=0原方程的解为:x1=5,x2=153. 8x2+10x=0x(108x)=0x1=0,x2=543x2+4x7=0,(x1)(3x+7)=0,x1=0或3x+7=0,解得:55. 3x25x+2=0原式变形为:(3x2)(x1)=0x1=1,x2=56. 2(x3)2=x23x 原方程变形为:2(x3)2=x(x3)(x3)2(x3)x=0(x3)(x6)=0x1=3,x2=657(1)x2=3x;移项得,x23x=0,因式分解得,x(x3)=0,解得,x1=0,x2=3;58. (3x2)2=(2x3)2解:3x2=(2x3) 3x2=2x3或3x2=(2x3)解得:x1=1,x2=1;59. (y2)2+2y(y2)=0解:(y2)(y2+2y)=0 解得:y1=2,y2=60.2y(y+2)=y+2原方程变形为:2y(y+2)(y+2)=0,即(y+2)(2y1)=0,解得y1=2,y2=61. 5x2+3x=0 x(5x+3)=0,即:x=0或5x+3=0,x1=0,x2=62. (3x2)2=(2x3)2(3x2)2(2x3)2=0,(3x2+2x3)(3x22x+3)=0,5(x1)(x+1)=0,即:x1=0或x+1=0x1=1,x2=163. x(x3)=5(x3);x(x3)5(x3)=0,(x3)(x5)=0,x1=3,x2=5;64. (2x+3)25(2x+3)+4=0(2x+3)25(2x+3)+4=0(2x+34)(2x+31)=0(2x1)(x+1)=0,x1=,x2=165. (2x7)25(2x7)+4=0(2x74)(2x71)=0;x2=466. (3x1)2=x2+6x+9(3x1)2(x3)2=0即(2x+1)(x2)=0x1=2,x2=0.567.(2x+2)2=3(2x+2)(x1)(2x+2)23(2x+2)(x1)=0即(2x+2)【2x+23(x1)】=0(x5)(x+1)=0x1=1,x2=568.(x+7)(x3)+4x(x+1)=0化简:(x+7)(x3)+4x(x+1)=0 整理得,5x2+8x21=0, 因式分解得,(5x7)(x+3)=0, 即5x7=0或x+3=0, 所以x1=,x2=369.2x(x+3)3(x+3)=0根据题意,原方程可化为:(x+3)(2x3)=0,方程的解为:x1=,x2=370. x2=x(x2)即x2x(x2)=0(x2)(1x)=0 x1=2,x2=1;71. x2+8x9=0(x+9)(x1)=0 x1=9,x2=172x(2x5)=4x10 原方程可变形为:x(2x5)2(2x5)=0,(2x5)(x2)=0,2x5=0或x2=0;解得x1=,x2=274 (2x5)2(x+4)2=0 因式分解,得(2x5)+(x+4)(2x5)(x+4)=0,整理得,(3x1)(x9)=0解得,x1=,x2=9742(x1)2=x21 原方程即为2(x1)2(x21)=0, 2(x1)2(x+1)(x1)=0, (x1)2(x1)(x+1)=0, (x1)(x3)=0, x1=1,x2=3;75. (x1)(x+3)=0,x1=1,x2=-376. 4x(2x1)=3(2x1); 原方程可化为:4x(2x1)3(2x1)=0,(2x1)(4x3)=0, 2x1=0或4x3=0, 解得:,;77. 2x2+x1=0原方程可化为:(2x1)(x+1)=0, 2x1=0或x+1=0,解得:,x2=178. (3x2)(x+4)=(3x2)(5x1);解:(3x2)(x+4)(3x2)(5x1)=0(3x2)(x+4)(5x1)=0(3x2)(4x+5)=03x2=0或4x+5=0;79. (x+1)(x+3)=15 方程整理得:x2+4x12=0 ( x+6)(x2)=0 x1=6,x2=280. x25x6=0 解:(x6)(x+1)=0, x6=0或x+1=0, 原方程的解是x1=6,x2=181. x22x=99 解:(x11)(x+9)=0, x11=0或x+9=0, 原方程的解是x1=11,x2=982. (x3)24x+12=0 解:(x3)24(x3)=0, (x7)(x3)=0, x3=0或x7=0, 原方程的解是x1=3,x2=783. 4(x+1)2=9(x2)2 解:(2x+2)2=(3x6)2, (2x+2+3x6)(2x+23x+6)=0, 即:(5x4)(8x)=0, x=8或x=,原方程的解是84. x2=2x 移项,得x22x=0, 因式分解,得x(x2)=0, 所以x=0或x=285. (x+4)2=5(x+4) 移项,得,(x+4)25(x+4)=0, 因式分解得,(x+4)(x+4)5=0, x+4=0或x1=0, 解得,x1=4,x2=187. 16(x1)2=225 16(x1)2152=0,所以4(x1)+154(x1)15=0,即4x+11=0,4x19=0,得x1=,x2=88. 4x24x+1=x26x+9方程变为(2x1)2(x3)2=0,所以(2x1)+(x3)(2x1)(x3)=0,即3x4=0,x+2=0,得x1=,x2=289. 9(x+1)2=4(x1)2(4)x24x+4=(32x)2原方程变为3(x+1)22(x1)2=0,所以3(x+1)+2(x1)3(x+1)2(x1)=0,即(5x+1)(x+5)=0,得x1=,x2=590. (x2)2=(32x)2(x2)2(32x)2=0,(x2+32x)(x23+2x)=0,(1x)(3x5)=0, 所以x1=1,x2=91. (x+2)210(x+2)+25=0 因式分解得,(x+2)52=0,解得,x1=x2=392x22(pq)x4pq=0x22(pq)x4pq=0(x2p)(x+2q)=0,x1=2p,x2=2q93x2+10x+21=0,把左边分解因式得:(x+3)(x+7)=0,则:x+3=0,x+7=0,解得:x1=3,x2=794.2(x2)2=3(x2) 2(x2)2=3(x2),(x2)(2x43)=0,即x2=0或2x7=0,解得:x1=2,x2=;95. 3(x5)2=2(5x),变形得:3(5x)2=2(5x),移项得:3(5x)22(5x)=0,分解因式得:(5x)(133x)=0,则:5x=0,133x=0,解得:x1=5,x2=;96. ,分解因式得:(x)(x)=0,则x=0,x=0,解得:x1=,x2=97. 5x24x12=0, (5x+6)(x2)=0, 5x+6=0,x2=0, x1=,x2=298. (x)=5x(x),(x)+5x(x)=0,(x)(1+5x)=0,x=0,1+5x=0,x1=,x2=999(x2)24(x+1)2=0 9(x2)24(x+1)2=0(3x6+2x+2)(3x62x2)=0,整理得:(5x4)(x8)=0,解方程得:x1=,x2=8100 x(x2)=2(x+6), x22x=2x+12, x24x12=0, (x6)(x+2)=0, x1=6,x2=2原方程的根为x1=6,x2=2101(2)x28x+15=0;把左边分解因式得:(x3)(x5)=0,则x3=0,x5=0,解得:x1=5,x2=3;102. ; 移项得:y22y+2=0, (y)2=0, 两边开方得:y=0, 则y1=y2=;103. 6x2x12=0 由原方程,得(2x3)(3x+4)=0,解得,x=,或x=104. 2x2x6=0原方程化为(2x+3)(x2)=0,解得x1=,x2=2;105. x2+6x5=0 原方程化为x26x+5=0 分解因式,得(x1)(x5)=0, 解得x1=1,x2=5;106. (x5)2=(2x1)(5x) 移项,得(x5)2+(2x1)(x5)=0, 提公因式,得(x5)(x5+2x1)=0, 解得x1=5,x2=2107. (x+1)(x+2)=3x+6 (x+1)(x+2)=3x+6, (x+1)(x+2)=3(x+2), (x+1)(x+2)3(x+2)=0, (x+2)(x+13)=0, x+2=0或x+13=0 x1=2,x2=2108. x29=0, x2=9, 解得:x1=3,x2=3,109. x2+3x4=0,(x1)(x+4)=0,解得:x1=1,x2=4,110. x23x+2=0,(x1)(x2)=0,解得:x1=1,x2=2111. 4(3x1)2 =25(2x+1)24(3x1)225(2x+1)2=0,2(3x1)5(2x+1)2(3x1)+5(2x+1)=0,2(3x1)5(2x+1)=0或2(3x1)+5(2x+1)=0,x1=,x2=112. (3x+5)24(3x+5)+3=0设3x+5=y,则原方程变为y24y+3=0,(y1)(y3)=0,解得,y=1或y=3;当y=1时,3x+5=1,解得x=;当y=3时,3x+5=3,解得,x=;原方程的解是x=,或x=;113. (3x+2)(x+3)=x+14 由原方程,得(x+4)(3x2)=0,解得x=4,或x=;114. 3(x+1)2=(x+1)移项得,3(x+1)2(x+1)=0,提公因式得,(x+1)(3x+31)=0,即x+1=0或3x+31=0,解得x1=1,x2=115.(x2)24=0 (x22)(x2+2)=0,x22=0或x2+2=0,x1=4,x2=0;116.(x3)2+2x(x3)=0(x3)(x3+2x)=0,x3=0或x3+2x=0,x1=3,x2=1; 117.(3x1)2=(x+1)23x1=(x+1),即3x1=x+1或3x1=(x+1),x1=1,x2=0;118.(x+5)22(x+5)8=0(x+5)4(x+5)+2=0,(x+5)4=0或(x+5)+2=0,x1=1,x2=7119. x28x=9变形为:x28x9=0,(x9)(x+1)=0,则:x9=0或x+1=0,解得:x1=9,x2=1;120. (x2)2=(2x+3)2变形为:(x2)2(2x+3)2=0,(x2+2x+3)(x22x3)=0,(3x+1)(x5)=0,则:3x+1=0,x5=0,解得:x1=,x2=5121. x23=3(x+1); 整理得x23x4=0, (x+1)(x4)=0, x+1=0或x4=0, x1=1,x2=4;122. (y3)2+3(y3)+2=0 (y3+2)(y3+1)=0,y3+2=0或y3+1=0,y1=1,y2=2;123. 7x(5x+2)=6(5x+2) 7x(5x+2)6(5x+2)=0, (5x+2)(7x6)=0, 5x+2=0或7x6=0, x1=,x2=124(3)6(x+4)2(x+4)2=0 6(x+4)2(x+4)2=0,3(x+4)22(x+4)+1=0,(3x+4)(2x+7)=0,3x+4=0,2x+7=0,解得:x1=,x2=;125. x2(3m1)x+2m2m=0,(xm)x(2m1)=0,xm=0,x(2m1)=0,解得:x1=m,x2=2m1126x22x224=0 x22x224=0(x16)(x+14)=0,解得:x1=16;x2=14127方程两边同时乘以2,得(x+3)2=4(x+2)2,移项,得(x+3)24(x+2)2,=0,(x+3+4x+8)(x+34x8)=0,即5x+11=0或3x5=0,解得x1=,x2=;1285x(x3)(x3)(x+1)=0(x3)(5xx1)=0,x3=0或5xx1=0,x1=3,x2=129x211x+28=0x211x+28=0,(x4)(x7)=0,x4=0,x7=0,x1=4,x2=7130. 4y225=0;(2y+5)(2y5)=0,所以y1=,y2=;131.(2x+3)236=0; (2x+3)236=0;(2x+3+6)(2x+36)=0,所以x1=,x2=;132. x23x+2=0;(x1)(x2)=0,所以x1=1,x2=2;133. 2t27t4=0;(t4)(2t+1)=0,所以t1=4,t2=;134. 5y(y1)=2(y1)方程变形得:5y(y1)2(y1)=0,因式分解得:(y1)(5y2)=0,可得y1=0或5x2=0,解得:y1=1,y2=135. x2+(1+2)x+3+=0; (x+)(x+1+)=0x+=0或x+1+=0x1=,x2=1136.(x3)2+(x+4)2(x5)2=17x+24 原方程整理得:x25x24=0 (x8)(x+3)=0 x1=8,x2=3137.x23|x|4=0 |x|23|x|4=0(|x|4)(|x|+1)=0|x|4=0|x|+10|x|=4x1=4,x2=4
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