2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读、短文语法填空自练（11）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读、短文语法填空自练（11）【由上海市徐汇区xx诊断卷改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It is evident that there is a close connection between the capacity to use language and the capacities covered by the verb “to think”. Indeed, some writers have identified thinking with using words: Plato coined the saying, “In thinking the soul is talking to itself”; J. B. Watson reduced thinking to inhibited(拘谨的) speech located in the minute(微小的) movements or tensions of the physiological mechanisms involved in speaking; and although Ryle is careful to point out that there are many senses in which a person is said to think and in which words are not in evidence, he has also said that saying something in a specific frame of mind is thinking a thought.Is thinking reducible to, or dependent upon, language habits? It would seem that many thinking situations are hardly distinguishable from the skillful use of language, although there are some others in which language is not involved. Thought cannot be simply identified with using language. It may be the case, of course, that the non-linguistic skills involved in thought can only be acquired and developed if the learner is able to use and understand language. However, this question is one which we cannot hope to answer in this book. Obviously being able to use language makes for a considerable development in all ones capacities but how precisely this es about we cannot say. At the mon-sense level it appears that there is often a distinction between thought and the words we employ to municate with other people. We often have to struggle hard to find words to capture what our thinking has already grasped, and when we do find words we sometimes feel that they fail to do their job properly. Again when we report or describe our thinking to other people we do not merely report unspoken words and sentences. Such sentences do not always occur in thinking, and when they do they are merged with vague imagery and the hint of unconscious or subliminal（潜意识） activities going on just out of rage. Thinking, as it happens, is more like struggling, striving, or searching for something than it is like talking or reading.Again the study of speech disorders due to brain injury disease suggests that patients can think without having adequate control over their language. Some patients, for example, fail to find the names of objects presented to them and are unable to describe simple events which they witness; they even find it difficult to interpret long written notices. But they succeed in playing games of chess or draughts. They can use the concepts needed for chess playing or draught playing but are unable to use many of the concepts in ordinary language. How they manage to do this we do not know. Presumably human beings have various capacities for thinking situations which are likewise independent of language.1、According to the theory of thought devised by J. B. Watson, thinking is_.A. talking to the soul B. concealed speechC. speaking nonverbally D. a non-linguistic behavior2、What does the author think about the relationship between language and thinking?A. The ability to use language enhances ones capacity of thinking.B. Words and thinking match more often than not.C. Thinking never goes without language.D. Language and thinking are generally distinguishable.3、According to the author, when we intend to describe our thoughts, we_. A. merely report internal speechB. have to search for proper words in the way we readC. are overwhelmed with vague imageryD. sometimes are not able to find appropriate words 4、Why are patients with speech disorders able to think without having adequate control of language?A. They use different concepts. B. They do not think linguistically.C. It still remains an unsolved mystery. D. Thinking is independent of language.【参考答案】14、BADC阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。An idea that started in Seattles public library has spread throughout America and beyondThe concept is simple: help to build a sense of munity in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same timeIn addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit（追求） to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to municate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schoolsThe idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched（发起） the If All of Seattle Read the Same Book project in xxHer original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong KongIn Chicago, the mayor（市长） appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the One Book, One Chicago programAs a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the cityAcross the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character The only problem came up in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse populationThis may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achievedOr it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itselfUltimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word66What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?ATo invite authors to guide readersBTo involve people in munity serviceCTo encourage people to read and shareDTo promote the friendship between cities67Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?AThey came from many different backgroundsBThey were too busy to read a bookCThey had little interest in readingDThey lacked support from the local government68According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?AIn large munities with little sense of unityBIn large cities where libraries are far from homeCIn medium-sized cities with a diverse populationDIn large towns where agreement can be quickly reached69The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean Aexchanged ideas with each other Bdiscussed the meaning of a wordCgained life experience Dused the same language70According to Nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by Athe careful selection of a proper bookBthe number of people who benefit from reading Cthe growing popularity of the writersDthe number of books that each person reads【参考答案】66-70 CADAB【xx届河北省石家庄二中高三开学考试】语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. 1 , some of us are upset 2 their body styles and looks. Its unnecessary and its not important at all. We neednt care about it. It is ones inner beauty 3 matters. Second, we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 4 our teachers, parents and classmates. 5 (face) with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the 6 (understand). Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good. Third, we may fall behind others, 7 makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage 8 to work efficiently, full of 9 (determine). At last, some of us dont have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isnt it strange? So long as we have some, thats enough. And we can learn 10 to spend money【答案】【知识点】语法填空【文章综述】 本文讲述高中生成长中有很多的烦恼，我们应该用正确的方式来处理。【答案解析】1.First 与第三行的Second形成呼应，都表示列举2.about 考察固定搭配be upset about对感到难过；很多人对于自己的体型和外貌感到难过。3.that 本句是一个强调句型It isthat/who；本句强调的是主语ones inner beauty，句意：重要的是我们的内在美。4.by 本句话考查被动语态。Be misunderstood by 被 。误解。5.Faced 本句中的faced是动词face的过去分词转换的形容词，构成be faced with面对着；在句中使用形容词来说明后面主句转换主语的情况。6.misunderstanding 考查名词。句意：我们找合适的时间来与父母面对面交谈，来消除误解。7.which 本句是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代前面一句话的内容在句中做主语。8.ourselves 本句中使用反身代词ourselves表示强调。我们经常鼓励自己高效工作。9.determination 本句中介词of后面要接名词作宾语，故使用determine的名词determination。10. how 本句考察的“特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中做宾语的用法，在本句中how to spend money作为动词learn的宾语。广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Crying marriage？_1_(surprise) ，isnt it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province, and _2_(remain) in fashion _3_ the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a_4_(necessary) to marriage procedure.It is very much _5_ same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. _6_， the brides neighbors would look down upon _7_ as a poorly cultivated girl and she would bee the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases _8_ which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.In a word，crying at wedding is a _9_ by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the _10_(arrange) marriages of the old days of China，there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.1解析此处意思是crying marriage(哭嫁)令人吃惊。答案Surprising2解析and前面的动词existed用了过去式，后面的动词也用过去式，与existed构成并列谓语。答案remained3解析这种习俗“直到”清末都很流行。答案until/till4解析a后面用名词，指哭嫁是土家族婚礼中一个必不可少的程序。答案necessity5解析same前一定有冠词the。答案the6Otherwise7解析新娘在婚礼上必须哭，“否则”邻居们就会瞧不起她。答案her8解析in which引导定语从句。答案in9解析a way to do sth.做某事的方法。答案way10解析arranged marriage意为“包办婚姻”，用过去分词表示被动，即“被包办的婚姻”。答案arranged