2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读理解、完形填空课外练（13）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语（四月）阅读理解、完形填空课外练（13）【xx山东省实验中学一模】Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing panies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”Depression hits one person in five around the world.Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any sixmonth period，between five to seven percent of the worlds population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large，and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentratemaking it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.Depression is made more serious in China by Chineses inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just dont get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say Hello，how do you feel？”In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.1Which of the following is true according to the passage?AIt is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.BDepression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.CDepression is a monlyexisting problem only in rich countries.DThe poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression.2pared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be_.Avery unconfident and often absentmindedBeasy to avoid being hit by heart attacksCworking efficiently and productivelyDeither weak or lazy3Depression bees more serious in China because of_.Athe understanding of the problemBthe lack of treatment and doctorsCtheir unwillingness to tell it to their bossDthe doctors careless work4What can we infer from the passage?APeople are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.BThe aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.CMore and more patients will turn to specialists for help.DWestern people are braver than Chinese people.5What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean?AHired.BDismissed.CPromoted.DRemended.语篇解读本文是一篇科普类说明文。抑郁症已经成为威胁人们正常生活和工作的一个重要的疾病形式，人们应正确地面对抑郁症。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B2解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“.brings loss of confidence and ability to concentratemaking it impossible for.”可知，答案A符合文意。答案：A3解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.”可知，抑郁症在中国更严重一方面是因为人们不能正视这个事实，另一方面是由于缺少专家和较好的治疗。答案：B4解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.”可推知，将会有越来越多的人向专家求助，故答案C正确。答案：C5解析：词义猜测题。根据对文章第三段的整体理解可以推知，员工一旦把自己抑郁的情况告诉老板，老板有可能会由于抑郁能使人没有自信或不能够集中工作而辞退员工。故stricken off the rolls与dismissed的意思最为接近。答案：B。阅读理解。Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.The gene es in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.6. The passage mainly tells us that _. A. people can not change their skin color without any pain B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked D. scientists have found out that peoples skin color is determined by the gene7. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer D. there are two kinds of genes8. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to _. A. find the different genes of humans B. prove the humans skin color is determined by the pigment gene C. find out the reason why the Africans skin color is dark D. find out the ways of changing peoples skin color9. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _ A. they are born light-skinned people B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production C. they have fewer activities outside D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin10. The writers attitude towards the discovery is _. A. neutral（中立的） B. negative C. positive D. indifferent（冷漠）【参考答案】610、DABBC 完形填空Did you hear the sports story that came out of Greece a few years ago? No, it wasnt from the country that started the Olympics, 1it has an Olympic quality. The story came out of Greece, New York, and it was about Jason McElwain, a 17-year-old autistic(自闭的)kid, and Jim Johnson, a high school basketball2. Jason, who didnt speak until he was five and always3with learning challenges, was4for a basketball player, only five foot six. In fact, he never5the team. He was the team manager, who kept statistics and handed out water bottles. But Coach Johnson6Jasons enthusiasm for the game and his unselfish dedication to the team. So he decided if the score7, he might let him8a few minutes. Word got around and a group of students came to the game with signs9his nickname, “J-Mac”, and cut-outs of his face placed on popsicle(冰棒)sticks. When Jason was put into the game with four minutes left, they10wildly hoping that he might even11a basket. In Hollywood, he would have done just that, and his teammates would have12him off on their shoulders. But in the13world of Greece, New York, Jason took a14and missed by about six feet. His supporters15and the coach worried that he may have set this young man up for16. But J-Mac17another shot, and another, and another. 18he took 10 shots, and scored 20 points in his four minutes of19. And, yes, he was carried off on the shoulders of his teammates. And it was the career high point in the life of a coach who just gave a good kid a(n)20. 【文章大意】一位教练给了一个孩子一次机会, 从而创造了一个奇迹。1. A. ifB. thoughC. sinceD. for【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。这个故事并非来自奥运会诞生的那个国家, 虽然它具有奥林匹克的特征。这个故事来自纽约的一个小镇Greece。2. A. starB. gameC. coachD. play【解析】选C。词汇复现题。由下文可知, 本文讲述的是一个男孩和一位中学篮球教练的故事。3. A. beganB. wentC. listenedD. struggled【解析】选D。固定搭配题。由上文的autistic以及“他五岁才说话”的事实, 我们可以推断出Jason学习有障碍。struggle with“斗争, 抗争”, 符合语境。4. A. shortB. bigC. goodD. ready【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据后面的only five foot six可知他太矮了, 所以不适合打篮球。5. A. gatheredB. organizedC. supportedD. made【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由下文的He was the team manager, who kept statistics and handed out water bottles. 可知Jason实际上并没有成为真正的球员, 而只是做一些计分、分发水壶之类的事情。make the team加入团队。6. A. showedB. likedC. developedD. lost【解析】选B。词语辨析题。虽然Jason并不是真正的球员, 但教练很欣赏他对篮球的热情以及他对球队无私的奉献。7. A. decreasedB. changedC. matteredD. permitted【解析】选D。词语辨析题。所以他想如果赛场上比分允许的话, 他会让Jason打一会儿球。8. A. trainB. restC. playD. direct【解析】选C。词语辨析题。教练很感动, 所以他想如果赛场上比分允许的话, 他会让Jason打一会儿球。9. A. givingB. bearingC. callingD. keeping【解析】选B。词语辨析题。bear此处的意思是“显示, 带有”。signs bearing his nickname写着他的绰号的招牌。10. A. blamedB. laughedC. ranD. cheered【解析】选D。词语辨析题。比赛还有四分钟就要结束的时候, Jason上场了。大家欢呼着, 希望他能投篮成功。11. A. scoreB. findC. fillD. hang【解析】选A。词语辨析题。score此处用作动词, 意思是“得分”。12. A. cutB. carriedC. putD. knocked【解析】选B。固定搭配题。如果是在好莱坞电影中, Jason很有可能在最后关头投篮成功, 队员们也会把他高高举过肩头。carry sb. off on sb. s shoulder将某人举过肩头。13. A. realB. modernC. wholeD. natural【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。但是, 在真实的世界里, Jason投篮未中。此处将现实与虚幻进行了对比。14. A. shotB. seatC. lookD. step【解析】选A。固定搭配题。take a shot投篮; 下文“he took 10 shots”也有提示。15. A. noddedB. brokeC. agreedD. plained【解析】选D。前后照应题。Jason投篮未中, 他的支持者开始抱怨。missed, worried是关键信息。16. A. fameB. embarrassmentC. courageD. achievement【解析】选B。词语辨析题。Jason投篮未中, 观众开始抱怨。此时, 教练开始怀疑自己的做法是否正确。他担心他把Jason置于尴尬的境地。17. A. tookB. heardC. gotD. fired【解析】选A。词汇复现题。与上一段“Jason took a”和下文“he took 10 shots”呼应。18. A. In factB. In turnC. HoweverD. Meanwhile【解析】选A。词语辨析题。Jason一次次地投篮。事实上, 他投了十次篮。in fact用来作进一步的解释说明。19. A. sorrowB. joyC. gloryD. guilt【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Jason在四分钟内得了20分。此处选glory突出他的成绩非凡。20. A. lessonB. chanceC. prizeD. award【解析】选B。前后照应题。本文讲的是一位教练给了一个孩子一次机会, 从而创造了一个奇迹。