2019-2020年高考英语仿真模拟试题全解全析（9）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语仿真模拟试题全解全析（9）注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空 （共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify with(“把和联系起来”) a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 1 of that parent. The things parents do and say and the 2 they do and say to themtherefore strongly influence a childs 3 .However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 4 they want their child to bee.A parents actions 5 affect the self-image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 6 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 7 qualities in their parents will have difficulty seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may 8 their self-image; however, as they bee increasingly 9 by peers group standards before they reach 13.Isolated events, even dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 10 on a childs behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, 11 , accept the divorce of their parents or a parents early 12 .But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or punishment.In the same way, all children are not influenced 13 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 14 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 15 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it. 1. A. informedB. characteristicC. conceivedD. indicative 2. A. gestureB. expressionC. wayD. extent 3. A. behaviorB. wordsC. moodD. reactions 4. A. personB. humansC. creaturesD. adult 5. A. in turnB. neverthelessC. alsoD. as a result 6. A. eyesB. parentsC. peersD. behaviors 7. A. negativeB. cheerfulC. variousD. plex 8. A. modifyB. copyC. give upD. continue 9. A. matureB. influencedC. uniqueD. independent10. A. ideaB. wonderC. stampD. effect11. A. luckilyB. for exampleC. at mostD. theoretically12. A. deathB. rewardsC. adviceD. teaching13. A. evenB. at allC. alikeD. as a whole14. A. OhB. AlasC. RightD. As15. A. result B. effectC. scale D. cause1-15 BCAAC BAABD BACDB1. B 文中的意思是“代表他父母特点的品质和情感”。Inform“通知”；conceive“想象”；indicative“指示的”；characteristic“特点、特性”。2. C 这里way是指父母的行为方式。gesture手势，expression表情，extent范围，这三项与上行文不符。3. A 这里是说父母的行为方式对孩子的行为影响强烈。behavior行为，words语言，mood心情，reactions反应，均不符合题意。4. A 这里是说父母必须始终如一地表现出想让他们的孩子成为的那种类型的人。human指人类，creatures指生物，adult指成年人。5. C 前面是说父母的言行会强烈地影响孩子的行为，这里是说父母的言行还影响孩子的自我形象，所以用连词also。in turn依次；nevertheless然而；as a result结果。6. B 根据下文：Children who observe chiefly negative qualities in their parents，可以看出答案。7. A 由上句positive可以推测出此处要选其反义词negative。8. A 由however可以看出，这句话的意思是对前面“子女的自我形象要受到父母的言行影响”的转折。modify“修改、修饰”；give up“放弃”。copy和continue不符合文义。9. B influenced“受影响的”；mature“成熟的”；unique“惟一的”；independent“独立的”。句后用by作介词短语，故此处需要一个过去分词。10. D 这里是说“孤立的事件，甚至是富有戏剧性的事，都不一定会对孩子的行为产生永久的影响”。have an effect on“对产生影响”，固定搭配。11. B 逗号后面的一句是对前句的解释，是举例说明，故选for example。12. A 这里or与连接的两个词都应是意义相似的令人不愉快的事，选项中与divorce相对应的词只有death。13. C 这句是说“并不是所有的孩子同样地都受到玩具、游戏、读物、电视节目的影响。alike“同样地”，意思最接近。14. D as“正如”；A、B项选择是感叹词，后面多用逗号。Right在意思上不合适。15. B 本句意为：家庭关系的突然变化或某种经历对孩子的影响取决于他们对这些事如何理解。result“结果”；effect“影响”；scale“刻度”；cause“原因”。第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Many patients who dont want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest with a puter. The puter _16_ (use) for this purpose is programmed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that _17_ her parents are dead, the puter will say: “Im sorry to hear that, Ann.” Apart from expressing sympathy, the puter _18_ also question and remind. If a patient says he _19_ drinks alcohol, the puter can ask him, “Never? Not even at parties or at Christmas?” Does this direct contact _20_ the patient and the puter mean that we do not need doctors any more?It depends. puters are useful _21_ they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles of whisky _22_ day. And they do not stop to talk on the phone as doctors often do.But _23_ a doctor said, “We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or put arm around her shoulder if she _24_ (cry). That is _25_ people will always want us.”全解全析本文讲计算机在就诊中的作用，同时也谈到医生的不可替代性。16. used 因The puter与use是被动关系，用过去分词短语作定语。 17. both 由her parents想到用表示两者的both。18. can 主语the puter是第三人称单数，谓语动词却是原形，因此，此处可能是填情态动词；由句意可知电脑也“能”提问和提醒。另外，从下文the puter can ask him也可提到启示。 19. never 由下文电脑的问话Never? 可知。20. between 指在病人和电脑这两者之间。21. because 因后一分句与前一分句之间是因果关系。 22. a 表示“每一”。23. as 引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如的”。 24. is crying 医生应当在病人“正在哭时”，递给她手巾。25. why 因前面已讲清了原因，要引出结果，用“That is why(表语从句表示结果)”。.阅读第一节阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。ASelf-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the munity. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veterans hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups.Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal governments Public Health Service.Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not unmon for medical doctors to earn ines of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to bee a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each others patients in emergencies.Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.26. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _. A. a churchB. a corporationC. a cityD. a state27. The expenses for being a doctor are spent on _.A. schooling and retrainingB. practice in a hospitalC. facilities he or she usesD. education he or she receives28. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to bee an independent physician in the USA?A. About seven years.B. Eight years. C. Ten years.D. About twelve years.29. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _.A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of themB. they can take turns to work long hoursC. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulderD. no one wants to assume too much responsibility30. Which of the following statements could fully express the authors view towards physicians payment in the USA?A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large ine because their work is very dangerous.C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded. 全解全析2630 BDDCA在美国，医师是高报酬职业之一。这是由于他们需要较长时间的学习和高学费投入的缘故。26. B。语义理解题。从第 1 段最后两句话中可得出答案。27. D。主旨题。从第 3 段的最后部分中可得出答案。28. D。计算题。从第 3 段的 Most would be physicians first attend college for four years Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four yearsThey still face three to five years of residency 可知答案为 D。29. C。细节题。从第 4 段第2句可找到答案。30. A。主旨题。通读全文便知高额学费和职业风险是医师获得高报酬的原因。BIn 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (=drink) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of panies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw material for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound end up buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of panies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence post, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and reduces the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.31. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.D. Beverage panies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.32. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to .A. be turned into raw materialsB. be separated from other rubbish C. have a second-life valueD. end up somewhere underground33. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is .A. how to reduce their recycling costsB. to sell them at a profitable priceC. how to turn them into useful thingsD. to lower the prices for used materials34. Recycling has bee the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because .A. recycling causes little pollutionB. other methods are more expensiveC. recycling has great appeal for the joblessD. local governments find it easy to manage35. It can be concluded from the passage that .A.recycling is to be remended both economically and environmentallyB. local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recyclingC. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materialsD. landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal 全解全析本文讲美国纽约1993年颁布法令要求商场就饮料瓶对顾客收费后的执行情况。31. C 推理判断题。由第一段第一句和第二句可推知。32. D 细节理解题。由第一段第三句中的but分句可知。33. C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句和第三段第二句可知。34. B 细节理解题。由最后一段第二句可知。35. A 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可推知。CNASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life.The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in xx. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In xx, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice.Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,” Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the xx Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in xx. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planets south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely, causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction. The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August xx and land on the planet nine months later.36. The passage mainly tells readers that _. A. clues of water will be found in Phoenix B. Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars C. August xx will see Phoenix lift off D. the Mars Scout program will be carried out37. The underlined word “prematurely” (paragraph 5) means _. A. on timeB. behind the timeC. out of workD. ahead of time38. According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars _.A. in May xx B. in August xx C. in August xx D. in September xx39. According to the passage, the name “Phoenix” is after the meaning of _. A. rebirth B. death C. energyD. hope40. After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly _. A. find soil samples and send them to the earth B. look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples C. take photos and send them to the earth D. find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander 全解全析 本文主要是讲美国国家航空和航天管理局计划xx年将Phoenix送到火星探索水源的线索和存在生命的可能性。36. B 主旨大意题。由第一段可知。37. D 猜测词义题。由该词所处语境和常识可知，是火箭引擎“提前”关闭，才会失去联系。38. A 细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句可推算出。39. A 推理判断题。由第五段第一句推知。40. B 推理判断题。由第二段第二句可知。DFrom good reading we can derive pleasure, panionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so pletely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may bee our panions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to wele as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their pany. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our hearts desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.41. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?A. No one has e to disturb you.B. Everything is so quiet and calm around you.C. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive.D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed.42. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more?A. They resemble human friends exactly.B. They are unfamiliar types we like.C. They never desert us.D. They never hurt our feelings.43. Which of the following is true?A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books. B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading. C. Books can always help you to live a colorful life. D. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books.44. The word “weary” means _. A. “to attract someones attention”B. “to distract someones attention” C. “to make someone very tired”D. “to make someone interested”45. “. the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that _.A. in books the world is more accessible to usB. we can ask to go anywhere in the worldC. we can make a claim to everything in this worldD. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge 全解全析本书主要讲读好书的益处。41. C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句(absorb our attention pletely)可知。42. C 推理判断题。由第二段第五、六和七句可知。43. D 细节理解题。由第二段第八句One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience.可知。44. C 猜测词义题。由两个分句的转折关系可知never weary应与bore反义，即weary与bore同义，都是“使人疲倦/