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话题13健康(Health),本文主要讲述人们的饮食习惯在改变，大家转而追求自然健康的饮食。自然的食物包括蔬菜、水果和谷物。他们种在地里并且是有机食物。自然的食物还包括能让家禽自由活动的牧场。人们对糖的理解也不一样，实际上，糖对人体并无益处。,美文研读,1.A在第一段“becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,especiallyprocessedfood,isnotgoodforthehealth”可知加工过的食物人们并不感兴趣。因此该选项错误，故选A。其他选项是正确的：选项B，由在第二段“Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers,themainpurposeofwhichistoincreasetheamountbutnotthequalityoffoods”可知，化学肥料到处都被使用，因为要提高产量而不是质量。选项C，由第二段中的“Naturalfoods,forexample,arevegetables,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganicmatter”可知，农民使用有机肥料种自然健康食物。选项D，在第三段“Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfood;theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins”，虽然没有直接说明，但是可以知道没有自由行走的鸡生的蛋无重要的维生素。,2.C从第三段可知鸡是在农场活动。A是森林，B山川，C草地，D公园，所以答案是C。3.A通读全文提到自然健康食物和少吃糖可知选A。4.sugarisunnecessaryfood,butweeatittoomuch.Soweshouldeatlesssugar,复记强化pare3.amount4.feed5.attention6.expert7.意识到8.“越来越浓的兴趣”或“越来越感兴趣”9.被影响到10.主要的目的11.拥挤地住在一起12.不需要的食物,一、句子翻译1.strength/advantages,plentyof/lotsof,bine,abalancedmenu3.Accordingto,neither,nor4.Inordertokeepfit/healthy,weoughttoknowmoreaboutourbody.,知识运用,5.Donteatfoodthatcontainsmuchsugarandfat.6.Itisbettertoeatfreshfruitsandvegetablebecausetheyhavemuchfibreandvitamins.7.Youshoulddoregularexercisetobuildupyourbody.8.Inaword/all,healthyfoodandgoodlivingconditionaregoodwaystokeephealthy.,二、短文填空loseweightdoesharmtoAsweknowareaddictedtoinsteadofcommunicatingwithleadtoformgoodeatinghabitspayattentionto,本篇为疾病介绍类说明文，向读者描述了疟疾的症状、人类所受的危害及此疾病传播的原因。1.A细节理解题。由文章第一段第四句中的earninglessthantwohundreddollarsayear可推断这些家庭是贫困的，故A正确。根据句中“notunusual”可排除B项。第一段最后一句“nofamily,village,hospital,orworkplacecanremainunaffectedforlong.”可知C项错误。D项属于事实，而非原因。,典型例题,2.B推理判断题。由最后一段的第三句(buttheyhavebeeninshortsupplyandareveryexpensive)得知B项正确。根据最后一段第一句“Fordecades,thefirst-choicetreatmentformalariaparasitesinAfricahasbeenchloroquine,achemicalwhichisverycheapandeasytomake.”可知是有治疗药物的，排除A。由“Malaria,theworldsmostwidespreadparasitic(寄生虫引起的)disease”可知“malaria”是由“parasites”所引起的，所以不需要“resist”,排除C。“Ifthesedrugsshouldfail,nobodyknowswhatwouldcomenext.”可知D项有误。,3.D细节理解题。由文章第二段倒数第三句话(itsabilitytochangerapidlytodefenditselfandresistnewdrugshasmadeitnearlyimpossibletocontrol)得知D项正确。由“Someofthediseasesspreadisduetoglobalwarming”可知A项与文意相反。由第二段倒数第二句“Studiesshowthatmosquitoesarepassingonthevirusmorefrequently，andtherearemoreoutbreaksincitieswithlargepopulations”可知B、C项有误，B项中“its”指代“mosquitoes”而非“thedisease”，C项为结果而非原因。,4.C细节理解题。由文章第二段第三句“Malariaparasiteslivebyeatingtheredbloodcellstheyinfect”可知C项正确。A项理解有误。根据文中第二段第五句“Ifitdoesntkillyou,malariacanhappenagainandagainforyears”可排除B项。而第三段第一句“Malariastartssuddenly,withviolentchills,whicharesoonfollowedbyanintensefeverand,often,headaches”可知D项有误。5.D主旨大意题。根据全文所讨论的内容得知，选项A,C在第二段讨论到了，选项B在第一段讨论到了。,复记强化disease2.seek3.earn4.income5.remain6.defend7.控制8.经常地9.爆发10.十年11.有抵抗力的12.可用的13.使相关；使依14.传给,文章说明了空气质量与人们心脏健康之间的关系。1.A主旨大意题。本文的主题句是第一段最后一句Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:theairyoubreathe可知。注意，but,however等是作者表达自己观点的重要提示词，即常常是主题句的信号词。,实战演练,2.C词义猜测题。根据这句话中的信息词small及and可知，与small并列的或“同现”的应是low，故选relativelylow。3.C是否判断题。由NOTtrue可知，选项是三正一误，题目要求考生选出错误选项。选项C与第二段最后一句意思相反，错误，故选C。选项A与第二段第一句but后的内容相同，正确；由第三段第一句可知，选项B正确；由文章最后一句可推断出，应当对污染物制订更加严格的规定，选项D正确。,4.A写作目的题。本文主要说明一个事实和现象，给人们提供相关知识和信息(inform)，而不是“说服”“描写”“娱乐”。5.A文体推断题。据文章内容判断，本文应选自asciencemagazine，而不是选自“科幻小说”“旅游指南”“个人日记”。,复记强化fatty2.risk3.breathe4.pollution5.quality6.强调7.血压8.袭击9.先前的10.因素11.sufferfrom12.beawareof13.不顾，不管,第一步，写出关键词。publicplaces2.acrossthewholecountry/alloverthecountry3.bansmoking4.carryout5.aim6.Indoor7.takemeasures8.post9.signsofsmokingban10.affect,典型例题,二、信息表达。1.TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtobansmoking.2.TheChinesegovernmentwillcarryoutthesmokingbanacrossthewholecountryfromJanuary1,2011.3.Theaimofsmokingbanisthattherewillbenosmokinginallindoorpublicplaces.4.Weshouldtakesomemeasuressuchaspostingsignsofsmokingban.,5.InChina,thereareabout350millionsmokers.6.75%ofthesmokersaremen.7.25%ofthesmokersarewomen.8.About540millionpeopleareaffectedbysecond-handsmoke.9.100thousandpeoplediefromsecond-handsmokeeveryyear.,第三步，信息整合。第一组：TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtobansmokingandwillcarryoutthesmokingbanacrossthewholecountryfromJanuary1,2011,theaimofwhichisthattherewillbenosmokinginallindoorpublicplaces.第三组：InChina,thereareabout350millionsmokers,amongwhom75%aremenand25%arewomen.,第四组：About540millionpeopleareaffectedbysecond-handsmoke，whichcauses100thousanddeathseveryyear.第四步，连句成篇。Torealizetheaim，Whatsworse，Therefore,itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttobansmokinginourcountry.,TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtobansmokingandthebanwillbecarriedoutacrossthewholecountryfromJanuary1,2011,theaimofwhichistomakesurethattherewillbenosmokinginallindoorpublicplaces.,第五步，润色提升。该作文各个句子依次使用的语法句式有：定语从句、非谓语和虚拟语气、并列句（while），被动语态、固定表达（衔接性句式whatsworse）和简单句。为了进一步丰富作文的表达，可以使用的语法句式还有：感叹句、强调句、倒装句和IT句型等。,Toachieve/accomplishiteffectively,weshouldtakesomemeasuressuchasposting/puttingupsignsofsmokingban.Uptonow,thereareapproximately350millionsmokersinChina,consistingof75%maleand25%female.Whatisworse,about540millionpeopleareaffectedbysecond-handsmoke,whichcauses100thousanddeathperyear.Therefore,itisnecessaryfortheChinesegovernmenttobansmokinginthewholecountry/itishightimetotakestrongactiontobansmoking.,TopMealoftheDayArecentstudyshowsthat50%oftheschoolkidsofcitiesdonothavebreakfast.Somestudentswhostayuplateintonightchoosenottohavebreakfastsothattheycanhaveafewextraminutesinbed.Besides,someschoolgirlswanttostayslimandoftengotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.,实战演练,Asaresultofthese,thesestudentstendtofeelsleepyalldayandhavebadmemories,soitishardforthemtogethighmarksinallkindsoftests.Infact,themorningmealplaysanimportantpartbecauseitcanprovide30percentofthewholedaysenergy.Foracreativemindandbetterjudgment,schoolkidsshouldstarttheirdaywitharegularbreakfast.,
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