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Lesson4JourneytotheAntarctic,一、南极洲是地球上最遥远最孤独的大陆,它严酷的奇寒和常年不化的冰雪,长期以来拒人类于千里之外。数百年来,为征服南极洲,揭开它的神秘面纱,数以千计的探险家,前仆后继奔向南极洲,表现出不畏艰险和百折不挠的精神,创造了可歌可泣的业绩,为我们今天能够认识神秘的南极做出了巨大的贡献。我们在欣赏南极美丽景色的同时,不会忘记对他们表示我们崇高的敬意。你心目中的南极洲又是什么样的呢?请勾选出你对它的印象,并写下你对它的更多的认识。ItsprobablythecoldestplaceontheEarth.Itmustbeverybeautiful.Itsprobablyflatandboring.Thesilencemustbeamazing.Itsanextremelydangerousplace.Therecantbemuchwildlifethere.答案:略,二、从右栏中找出与左栏单词对应的英文释义1.cheerfula.theabilitytostaycalmandacceptadelayorsth.annoyingwithoutcomplaining2.distantb.somethingthatyouwanttodoorachieveverymuch3.functionc.somethingthatyouhopetoachieve4.patienced.happy,andshowingitbythewaythatyoubehave5.ambitione.farawayinplaceortime6.goalf.toworkinthecorrectway7.shockg.feelingorshowingnohope8.hopelessh.tosurpriseandupsetsb.答案:1.d2.e3.f4.a5.b6.c7.h8.g,三、短语互译A.从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1.failtodosth.2.spend.doingsth.3.trytodosth.4.meettheendwith5.gooutside6.havegreatdifficultydoingsth.7.makerapidprogress8.getslowerandslowerB.从文中找出与下列汉语对应的短语9.继续做某事10.在途中11.用完,耗尽12.损坏,不能运转,未能做某事花费做某事试图做某事以结束外出做某事有很大困难取得快速的进步变得越来越慢,carryonononeswayrunoutofbreakdown,四、阅读课文TheRACEtothePOLE,回答下列问题1.WhowasthefirsttostartthejourneytoAntarctic,CaptainScottorRoaldAmundsen?Andwhowasthefirsttoleave?答案:CaptainScottwasthefirsttostart;Amundsenwasthefirsttoleave.2.WhatwerethedifficultiesCaptainScottsteamencountered(遭遇)?答案:Histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.3.WhydidCaptainScottsteamlosethegoaloftheirambition?答案:BecauseAmundsenhadarrivedatthePolebeforethem.4.Whatwastheweatherlikeontheirreturnjourney?答案:Itwasterrible.5.WhatmadeCaptainScottandhismenintoheroes?答案:Theextraordinarycourageshownduringthejourney.,1,2,3,4,5,6,1.Duringthepolarsummerof19101911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.在1910年到1911年的极地夏天,两队人马都在为来年的探险做食物储备。考点preparationn.准备,筹备InpreparationfortheOlympicGames,hetrainshardeveryday.为了准备奥运会,他每天都刻苦训练。Thefamilybeganmakingpreparationsimmediatelyafteroneofthememberssawtheboat.在其中一名队员看到船只后,这个家庭就立刻开始做准备。Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.对明天最好的准备就是今天做到最好。,1,2,3,4,5,6,归纳preparation表示“准备”的抽象动作时用作不可数名词,可与介词for连用,inpreparation意为“在准备中”,inpreparationfor意为“为做准备”;表示“准备/筹备”的具体工作时用作可数名词,且常用复数形式,常用搭配为makepreparationsfor,意为“为做准备”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,2.First,histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。考点breakdown损坏,不能运转ThebusItookbrokedownhalfway,soIwaslate.我乘坐的公共汽车在半路上坏了,所以我迟到了。Wheneverthemachineshavebeenputinworkingorder,theyllkeepondoingthejobstheyhavebeen“told”todountiltheyareturnedofforbreakdown.机器每当进入工作状态,就会一直做着它们被要求做的工作,直到电路断开或坏了为止。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会breakdown的含义。Negotiationsbrokedownafteronlytwodays.仅仅过了两天谈判就破裂了。含义:失败;破裂Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.她因工作压力(大)身体垮掉了。含义:(身体)垮掉Policehadtobreakdownthedoortogetintotheflat.警察不得不破门进入公寓。含义:砸破,1,2,3,4,5,6,Ittakesalongtimetobreakdownprejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。含义:消除Thequestioncanbebrokendownintotwoparts.这个问题可以分成两个部分。含义:划分Foodisbrokendowninthestomach.食物在胃部得到分解。含义:分解,1,2,3,4,5,6,(2)与break相关的其他重要短语,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,3.TheywereshockedwhentheysawtheNorwegianflag.当看到挪威国旗时,他们感到非常震惊。考点shockvt.震惊,惊骇Sheknewhowmuchthebadnewswouldshockme.她知道那个坏消息会使我多么震惊。Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.=Iwasshockedtoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.看到我的邻居们这样对待他们的孩子让我感到震惊。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸(1)派生词:shockedadj.震惊的,感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的,令人惊讶的Theywereshockedtohearofthebadnews.他们听到这则坏消息很震惊。Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.这个令人震惊的消息让我认识到我们将面临多么严峻的问题。(2)阅读下面的句子,体会shock的词性及含义。Itwasashocktolearnthathesbadlyill.听说他得了重病,这真令人震惊。词性:名词含义:震惊,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,4.Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.队员们很快就筋疲力尽了,食品也快吃完了。考点runoutof用完,耗尽【高考典句】(2017北京高考)Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemayrunoutofhumancontrol.第一段主要告诉我们人工智能可能会超出人类的控制范围。Itsacitywhereeverythingisveryexpensive.Weranoutofallmoneywithinaweekafterourarrival.这是一个物价很高的城市。我们到这儿还不到一个星期,就花光了所有的钱。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸辨析runoutof和runout:Weranoutofpetroltheotherday.那天我们把汽油用光了。Thepetrolranouttheotherday.那天汽油用光了。归纳runoutof用sb.作主语;runout用sth.作主语。runoutof为及物动词短语,有被动语态;runout为不及物动词短语,没有被动语态。,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,5.Scottstartedtorealisetheirhopelesssituation:“.weareverycheerful,butwhateachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.”斯科特开始意识到他们所处的绝境:“我们看上去都很愉快,但我能猜出大家心里的想法。”剖析不定式短语torealise.作started的宾语;直接引语是一个并列复合句,but后的分句是倒装句,其中的宾语从句whateachmanfeelsinhisheart位于主句Icanonlyguess之前。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点一hopelessadj.没有希望的Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydontbothertolearntheskillstheyneedtosucceed.如果人们觉得没有什么希望就不会费心去学习他们要想成功所需要的技能。Withsuchbadweatherconditions,thesearchforthemissingboatwillprovehopeless.在这样恶劣的天气条件下,搜索那条失踪的小船肯定毫无希望。归纳hopeless表示此意时通常用于描述一种状况,而不用于修饰人。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸反义词:hopefuladj.充满希望的Everyonesfeelingprettyhopefulaboutthefuture.大家都对未来充满了希望。Imhopefulthatwecanfindasolution.我相信我们能找到解决的办法。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点二cheerfuladj.愉快的,高兴的Grandparentslifewashard,butDickwasalwayscheerful.祖父母的生活虽然艰苦,但迪克始终很快乐。Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,sayingnothingabouttheargument.萨拉假装很快乐,对争论什么都没说。考点延伸阅读下面的句子,体会cheerfully的词性和含义。Shegreetedhimcheerfully.她愉快地跟他打招呼。词性:副词含义:愉快地,1,2,3,4,5,6,1,2,3,4,5,6,6.Later,theserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpasttheAntarcticwascoveredbyplants.后来,这些石块证实,在遥远的过去,南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。考点distantadj.久远的,远处的Ithappenedinthedistantpast.这件事发生在遥远的过去。Theairportistenmilesdistant.机场离这里有十英里远。Thevillageisratherdistantfromhere.那个村子离这里还相当远。归纳distant既可以表示时间的“久远”,也可以表示空间的“远”。它可以与介词from搭配,表示“离远”。,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸阅读下面的句子,体会distance的含义。(1)Theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.他们注视着火车,直到它消失在远方。含义:远处,远方(2)Inancienttimes,peoplerarelytravelledlongdistances.在古时候,人们很少远行。含义:距离,1,2,3,4,5,6,
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