2019-2020年高三英语语法专项形容词副词含答案.doc

2019-2020年高三英语语法专项形容词副词含答案 例题感悟1(2011年山东实验中学一模)The more expensive articles are not _better.Aevidently BnecessarilyCpossibly Doriginally解析：句意：比较贵的东西未必更好。necessarily必然地，必要地，not necessarily未必；evidently明显地；possibly可能地；originally原始地。答案：B2(2011年北京东城区示范校联考)Children are _to meet with setbacks as they grow up，so their parents dont have to worry about it.Apossible BdueCnecessary Dbound解析：句意：孩子们在成长的过程中一定会遇到挫折，所以父母不必担心。be bound to“注定，一定”，是固定搭配。答案：D3(2011年浙江六校联考)Were you satisfied with the exam result?Not a _.I should have done much_.Alittle；better Bbit；badClittle；bad Dbit；better解析：句意：你对考试成绩满意吗？一点也不，我本应该考得好得多。not a bitnot at all一点也不；not a little非常。第二空：much后修饰比较级而非原级(bad)，根据句意也可知此处为“好得多”，故选D。答案：D4(2011年安徽江南十校联考)_，the excited crowds in the square suddenly became so quiet.Its still puzzling.APersonally BNaturallyCSomehow DAnyway解析：句意：不知为什么，广场上激动的人们突然安静下来，真是令人费解。somehow不知为什么，不知怎么地；personally就个人而言；naturally自然地；anyway无论怎样。答案：C5(2011年山东临沂模拟)I am very sorry we made such a _decision，but there was really no time left for us.Aprecise BworthyCcasual Dtight解析：句意：很抱歉，我们做出了这么一个草率的决定，但我们的确是没有时间了。casual临时的，随便的，武断的；precise精确的；worthy值得的，有价值的；tight紧的，牢固的。答案：C6(2011年江苏南通二次调研)Were you disappointed when you received the book bought through the Internet?Well，yes，_.The back cover was a bit torn，but it didnt matter really.Asort of Bvery muchCnot at all Dnever mind解析：句意：当你收到从网上买的那本书的时候失望了吗？噢，是的，有点儿。封底有点破了，不过并无大碍。sort of有几分；very much修饰动词；not at all一点也不；never mind没关系。答案：A7(2011年东北三校二模)The volunteers will do _to help those injured in the earthquake.Aeverything possible humanlyBeverything humanly possibleChumanly possible everythingDhumanly everything possible解析：句意：那些志愿者愿意做力所能及的事情来帮助地震中受伤的人。首先，不定代词的修饰词应置于其后，故C、D不对；其次，单个副词修饰形容词时置于其前，故选B。答案：B8(2011年安徽江南十校联考)Wow！Jerry got full marks again！How lucky he is!Not exactly！_.He makes full use of his time to study.AHe is more lucky than hardworkingBHe is not so much lucky as hardworkingCHe is far less hardworking than luckyDHis classmates are no more hardworking than he解析：句意：哇！Jerry又得了满分！他太走运了！不完全是！与其说他走运不如说他刻苦，他充分利用一切时间来学习。not so much.as.与其不如。答案：B9(2011年湖北黄冈质检)Its wonderful to have a month in the faraway village，_all worries and responsibilities.Acontrary to Bfree fromCfar away Dfar from解析：句意：在遥远的村庄过一个月真好，无忧无虑。free from没有，免于；contrary to与相反；C、D两项中的far指距离远。答案：B10(2011年黑龙江哈九中二模)His humorous closing speech was a wele addition to the _dull meeting.Atherefore BmeanwhileCotherwise Dnevertheless解析：句意：他幽默的结束语在这次其他方面比较沉闷的会议上受到了欢迎。otherwise在其他方面，除此以外；therefore因此；meanwhile同时；nevertheless然而。答案：C11(2011年山东潍坊诸城测试)To our delight，the result of the experiment is entirely _with what we expected.Aparticular BenthusiasticCsatisfied Dconsistent解析：句意：让我们高兴的是，实验的结果跟我们预料的完全一致。be consistent with与一致；particular特别的；enthusiastic热情的；be satisfied with.对满意。答案：D12(2011年山东青岛一模)His explanation was so clear that everyone could understand it with _.Apossibly the least effortBthe least effort possiblyCthe possible least effortDthe least possible effort解析：句意：他的解释如此清楚以至于每个人不费吹灰之力就明白了。“the least形容词”构成最高级，意为：最小/最不/。答案：D13(2011年山东东营胜利一中)Punctuality is _a virtue to us.It is a rule of life and our respect for our friends and visitors.Abetter than Bmore thanCno more than Dno better than解析：句意：守时不仅仅是一种美德。它是生活的原则以及对朋友或来宾的尊重。more than不仅仅，多于；better than好于；no more than和一样不，仅仅；no better than和一样不好。答案：B14(2011年辽宁期中)The little girl couldnt work the problem out.She wasnt _clever.Athat BmuchCenough Drather解析：句意：那个小女孩解不出这道题，她没那么聪明。that作副词时，相当于so；much常修饰形容词或副词的比较级以及动词；enough用在形容词或副词后；rather相当。答案：A15(2011年北京西城二模)She is fed up with sharing a house with others；_，she is looking for her own flat.Amoreover Botherwise Chowever Dtherefore解析：句意：她讨厌和别人同住一间房子，所以她在找自己的套房。therefore因此，因而；moreover而且，加之，此外；otherwise否则，不然；however然而。根据句意可知，正确答案为D项。答案：D知识点梳理形容词、副词的位置以及易混淆的形容词、副词的用法形容词、副词的比较级结构；形容词、副词前面使用冠词的情况以及倍数的表达方法在比较状语从句中，所比较的人或事物之间的合理逻辑关系比较级的省略以及插入问题复合形容词的用法形容词的辨析一、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其排列顺序通常为：限定词(these; those.) 数量词three) +描绘性形容词(beautiful) 大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词large; long; high新 旧old) +颜色(red) 国籍Chinese) +材料(wood) +用途 (writing) 被修饰名词(desks) 口诀如下： 限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍出材料， 作用类别往后靠。all these last few days some beautiful little red flowers a beautiful white Japanese military jeep 二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是近几年高考的热点，其中句型“倍数as形容词/副词原级as”和“倍数more than.”更是常考项目。1表示倍数的5个句型：(1).times as形容词/副词原级as.(2).times the性质名词of.(3).times形容词/副词比较级than.(4).times that of.(5).times what it was.2同级的比较，用as.as，the same.as结构。3“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，越”。4“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”。5“the比较级of the two名词复数”表示“两者中较的一个”。6用介词by表示相差的程度。7一个人的两种品性的比较，用“more.than.”结构。8“否定词比较级”相当于最高级。9比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：any other单数名词all(the)other复数名词比较级thananyone elseany of the other复数名词the rest of复数名词或不可数名词典例1(2011年高考江西卷)The film is，I have to say，not a bit interesting.Why? Its_than the films I have ever seen.Afar more interestingBmuch less interestingCno more interestingDany less interesting解析句意：“我不得不说，这部电影一点儿也没意思。”“为什么？它比我曾看过的电影有趣多了。”根据Why？可知第二句应与第一句持相反观点，即“认为电影有趣”。而选项中只有A项表示有趣。far 用在比较级前表示程度较大的差异。答案A典例2Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost _his.Aas much twice asBtwice as much asCmuch as twice asDas twice much as解析本题句意应为：彼得的夹克看上去与杰克的相同，但价格却是他的两倍。表达倍数可用“倍数词asadj./adv.as”结构。答案B三、形容词作状语1形容词置于句子的后部作伴随状语。He stood there，full of fear.他站在那儿，充满了恐惧。He returned home，safe and sound.他安然无恙地回到了家。He went to bed，cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地去睡觉了。2形容词置于句首作原因状语。Cheerful and warmhearted, Lisa will do everything she can to help others. 注：此时，形容词前可加上being Being curious, Danny opened the box to see what was in 3形容词作状语和副词作状语的区别：形容词作状语是补充说明句中主语的状态，实际相当于一个“主系表”句子的省略，该形容词实际上是句中的表语；副词则是修饰句中动词或整个句子的。He told us the good news，excited.他把那个好消息告诉了我们，他非常兴奋。比较：He told us the good news excitedly.他非常兴奋地把那个好消息告诉了我们。三、形容词、副词的辨析1词形相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析典例3Lots of families once suffering poverty are now living in _fort and some of them are even wealthy now.Apetitive BconservativeCparative Dprehensive解析本题考查形容词辨析。根据语境判断，此处表示人们生活在“相对的”安逸中。parative相对的；petitive竞争的；conservative保守的；prehensive广泛的，综合的。答案C2词义相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析典例4Mistakes dont just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake bees _.Afavourable BpreciousCessential Dworthwhile解析worthwhile意为“值得做的，有价值的”，符合题意。此处意为“犯错误是值得的”。favourable有利的，赞同的；precious珍贵的；essential本质的。答案D3形式上易混淆的形容词和副词有些词尾加ly的词是形容词而不是副词，如friendly，lovely等。有些副词词尾加不加ly意义不同，如：deep“深”，指具体概念，deeply“深深地”，指抽象概念；high“高”，指具体概念，highly“高度地”，指抽象概念；wide宽阔地，widely广泛地；free免费地，freely自由地等。四、特殊比较结构所表示的意义1more的几个短语more than多于，不仅仅，不只；no more than“仅仅，只是(only)”，后面接名词或数词；more.than.与其说倒不如说。Tom is wise enough to achieve his success.But in my opinion，he is more lucky than wise.典例5Do you need any help，Lucy?Yes.The job is _I could do myself.Aless than Bmore thanCno more than Dnot more than解析根据语境判断，Lucy需要对方的帮助，这说明以她一个人的能力不能完成这份工作。因此用more than表示工作难度大。答案B2would rather do sth.than do sth./prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.表示“宁愿不愿”。He would rather beg in the street than get money in such a dishonest way.3the比较级，the比较级表示“越越”。The more the fans watched the football game，the more excited they became.4比较级and比较级表示“越来越”；多音节则用“more and more原级”。As we were watching the football game，we were being more and more excited.五、特殊的形容词1以a开头的形容词多作表语，若作定语，须后置。此类形容词不用very修饰，但可用其他副词修饰，如afraid，alive，alone，alike，ashamed，asleep，afloat，awake等The fish is alive.He is a great man alive.2某些表示健康状况或感觉反应的形容词只作表语。如：faint，ill，glad，pleased，sorry，well，content等。仅作表语的形容词：3下列以ly结尾的词是形容词，不是副词：lively活泼的；lonely孤独的；lovely可爱的；deadly致命的；friendly友好的；ugly丑陋的；silly傻的；motherly慈母般的；brotherly兄弟般的；sickly多病的；likely可能的；kindly关怀的。如：a sickly child一个多病的孩子；be likely of success有可能成功；an ugly wound一个丑陋的伤口；a friendly match一场友谊赛。六、副词常见类别有：1时间副词：常见的有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等。2地点副词：常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, upstairs, downstairs等。3方式副词：表示行为方式的副词大多以ly结尾，如quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。4频度副词：常见的有always, usually, often, frequently, constantly, occasionally, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never等。 5程度副词：常见的有fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。6. 连接副词：这类副词在语义上起连接作用，但用法上为副词，常见连接副词有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, furthermore, still, thus, meanwhile等。7关系副词：就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等。8疑问副词：就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等。动词及动词短语例题感悟 1. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to _ the problem. A. handle B. raise C. face D. present解析：A。动词辨析：handle“处理”；raise“提升，举起”；face“面对”；present“提出，呈现”。该句指“处理问题”，所以选择A项。 2. Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it _.A. collected B. contained C. loadedD. saved解析：B。动词辨析：collect“收集”；load“装填”；save“挽救，节省”均不符合题意。该句指“想知道里面有什么”，用contain，意为have sth. in。 3. Her shoes _ her dress; they look very well together. A. suitB. fitC. pareD. match解析：D。同义词辨析：suit指颜色尺寸适合某人；fit衣服适合某人；pare比较；match指某物与某物相配。由此可知该句选择D项。 4. The fact that she never apologized _ a lot about what kind of person she is.A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares解析：A。say a lot about是固定搭配，指“对有发言权/说服力”。句意：她从不向别人道歉，这最能说明她是怎样的一个人。 5. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still _ the traditional customs.A. performB. possess C. observeD. support解析：C。该句指遵守传统的风俗习惯，observe在此表示“遵守；遵循”。 6. Emergency line operators must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.A. growB. appear C. bee D. stay解析：D。stay连系动词，该句stay calm指“保持镇静”。 7. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _ pale. A. gotB. changed C. went D. appeared解析：C。go用作连系动词时，通常指由好的一面向坏的一面转化。go pale指“脸色苍白”。 8. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt quite _ as planned.A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. e up解析：B。turn out用作连系动词，表示“最后的情况是，结果是”。 9. Excuse me sir, where is Room 301? Just a minute. Ill have Bob _you to your room. A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing解析：A。have在此是使役动词，其后补足语用不带to的动词不定式。 10. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending解析：A。suppose属于心理活动类动词，在使用be supposed to do结构时要注意不定式时态和语态，该句是被动结构，所以选择A项。 11. Just in front of our house _ with a history of 1,000 years. A. does a tall tree standB. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standingD. a tall tree stands 解析：B。stand是方位动词，当表地点的介宾结构位于句首时通常构成完全倒装句。 12. Dont take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you _.A. do B. take C. like D. have解析：A。do指代上文take too much of the medicine。 13. In the dream Peter saw himself _ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. A. chased B. to be chased C. be chased D. having been chased解析：A。see是感官动词，其宾语与chase时间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作补足语。 14. Dont be so discouraged. If you _ such feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away解析：D。carry on“继续进行”；get back“收回”；break down“抛锚”；put away“收好”。句意：不要泄气；如果你将这样的情绪收起来的话，下次你会做得更好。因此选择D项。 15. The present situation is very plex, so I think it will take me some time to _ its reality. A. make up B. figure out C. look throughD. put off解析：B。make up“编造”；figure out“了解，弄明白”；look through“浏览”；put off“推迟”。句意：目前情况复杂，我想要过一段时间才能弄清事实真相。所以该句选择figure out。 16. Its going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me _ the clothes on the line? A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on解析：C。get off“下车”；get back“找回”；get in“收割，收回”；get on“上车，进展”。该句指把衣服收回家，所以C项符合题意。 17. What are you reading, Tom? Im not really reading, just _ the pages. A. turning offB. turning around C. turning overD. turning up解析：C。turn off关掉；turn around转过身；turn over翻转；turn up出现。该句指只是翻了几页书。所以选择C项。 18. Im still working on my project. Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is _. A. running outB. going out C. giving outD. losing out解析：A。该句指时间快要到了，所以选择run out “到期；用光”。另外几个短语动词不合题意。go out“出去，熄灭”；give out“分发”；lose out“失败”。 19. Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah. Ill tell you later. A. e aboutB. e into C. e up with D. e out with 解析：C。该句指你想出新主意了吗？所以选择e up with“想出”，另外几个短语不符合题意。e about“发生”；e into“形成”；e out with“说出”。 20. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talkingD. to not talking解析：D。be accustomed to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，该句表示否定。考点归纳动词和短语动词是高考试题考查的一大热点。高考试题对动词和短语动词的考查主要集中在：动词词义辨析、同义动词比较、动词的习惯搭配、短语动词的搭配及含义辨析等。下面结合近几年试题中常见的动词和短语动词做如下归纳，希望同学们从中得到启发。 一、一般动词常见考点1. 动词词义辨析；2. 同义动词比较；3. 一词多义的考查；4. 动词与句中其它词的惯用搭配；5. 及物动词与不及物动词的比较；6. 动词的主动形式表示被动含义。1)、系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来)， sound (听起来)， prove(证明是)， feel(摸上去感到)， look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等，例如：Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口2)一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有： lock(锁住)， shut(关上) ， open(打开)， act(上演)， write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等，用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。例如：The door wont open.这门打不开。It cant move.它不能动。3)一些动词如sell(销售) ， wash(洗)， clean(打扫)， burn(燃烧)， cook(煮)等与副词如well(好)， easily(容易地)， perfectly(十分地)等连用 ，描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如： The book sells well.这种书很畅销。 These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。二、连系动词常见考点1. 表示“是”的be动词，根据主语有各种形式；2. 表示“感觉”的连系动词。如look, feel, smell, taste, sound等；3. 表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如bee, turn, get, grow, go, fall, e等；4. 表示“结果”的连系动词。如turn out, prove等；5. 表示“仍然”的连系动词。如remain, stand, stay, keep等；6. 表示“似乎、好像”的连系动词。如seem, appear, look等。三、特殊动词常见考点1. 使役动词，如have, let, make等。在主动语态中，其后补足语用不定式时不带to；而被动语态中不可以无to；如果补足语是分词，注意区分主动关系（用doing）和被动关系（用done）；2. 感官动词，如feel, hear, listen, see, watch, notice等。使用时注意后续不带to的不定式与后续分词作补足语的区别；3. 方位动词，如lie, stand, seat, live等。该类动词多运用在倒装句或there be句型中；4. 心理活动类动词，如think, believe, suppose, consider等。注意其后不定式的时态考点或用it作形式宾语，将真正宾语放在补语之后；5. 动词替代词do的形式，通常指代上文中出现的动词。四、助动词情态动词常见考点1、情态动词的基本用法；2、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法；1）must对现在和未来的肯定推测must + 动词原形;对过去的肯定推测must have done 2）may / might may / might + 动词原形 May / might have done 3) can /could can / could do； Can / could have done4）shouldshould 用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”should do/be ；should have done 肯定句、否定句、疑问句例如：It must have rained last night.She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.She cant be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home.They should be there right now.3、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法五、短语动词常见考点1. 不同短语动词在句中含义的比较；2. 同一动词跟不同介词或副词搭配使用的比较；3. 同一介词或副词跟不同动词搭配时的词义比较；4. 注意含介词to的短语动词；5. 短语动词常见六种类型：动词副词；动词介词；动词副词介词；动词名词介词；be动词形容词介词；动词反身代词介词等。巩固练习（形容词副词）1(2011年高考江西卷)She has already tried her best.Please dont be too _about her job.Aspecial BresponsibleCunusual Dparticular2(2011年高考陕西卷)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.Aas three times big asBthree times as big asCas big as three timesDas big three times as3(2011年高考福建卷)Nowadays, there is a_increase in childrens creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.Asharp BslightCnatural Dmodest4(2011年高考浙江卷)The professor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture.Acold BblankCinnocent Dfresh5(2011年高考浙江卷)Ive been writing this report _ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.Afinally BimmediatelyCoccasionally Dcertainly6.The professor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture. 2011浙江A.coldB.blankC.innocentD.fresh7._, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 2011安徽A.Hopefully B.Normally C.ThankfullyD.Conveniently8、The boy apologized to the girl，for he didnt break her bottle_. Adeliberately Bdesperately Cdizzily DDistantly9、Do you think that bridge _ 2,000 meters long? It doesnt appear _ long. A. measures; that B. is measured; so C. is measured; such D. measures; much 10、The new airport is built close to the freeway, and it is _ by Bus No. 2. A. accessible B. available C. alternative D. abundant 11、Students should devote most of their time to studying rather than playing puter games. . No pains, no gains.A. Really B. Obviously C. Actually D. Exactly12、Look at that old woman! She is looking around _ for help. She must be lost. A. socially B. accidentally C. desperately D. absolutely13、How did you do in your essay? I got an okay grade, but Mrs. Jones gave Sarah Evans top marks_.A. as well B. though C. in general D. yet14、 Sorry. Somebody borrowed the book last week, but Ill let you know once it is_. A. possible B. probable C. available D. punctual 15、Sir, do you have any double room _ now? Just a moment, I will find out. A. available B. fit C. reached D. suitable 16、“Overall, export performance will be better, and its going to accelerate in the months.” said an economist in Hong Kong. Amore; ing Bmuch; following Clittle; to e Dmuch; to follow17、In my opinion, your position is not as interesting as his but yours is in writing. Athe best organized Bbetter organized Cso organized as Das organized as18、（东北三省三校xx届高三下学期第一次联合模拟考试yy）This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air, soil and water_ from pollution. A. free B. empty C. loose D. short19、（山东省济南市xx届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题）On snowy days, you have to drive very to avoid traffic accidents.Acautiously Bneatly Csmoothly Dproperly20、（浙江省金华十校xx届高三上学期期末考试（英语）Boris has brainsIn fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has Aa high Ba higher Cthe higher Dthe highest21