2019-2020年高考英语 非谓语动词范例.doc

2019-2020年高考英语 非谓语动词范例若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.ing形式、v.ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。典例1 .but everyone added a little, always _25_(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.分析：因句中已有谓语动词added，动词think前又没有并列连词，即think不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词，作状语，表示伴随情况；又因he与think是主动关系，故用现在分词thinking。典例2The headmaster went into the lab, _ (follow) by the foreign guests.分析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。典例_ (plete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 分析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以plete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To plete。(3)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。典例 _ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary .分析：句中已有谓语wont make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。3若所缺词作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语或在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，用名词形式。典例Different from those who begin their _ (apply) for foreign colleges in Senior 2, Li made a late decision on a US education.分析：因在动词后作宾语，并且用在形容词性物主代词their后面，所以要用名词applications。非谓语动词的形式：在短文改错中，每出现一个动词或非谓语动词，都要通过分析句子结构的方法，来判断该词在句中所作的成分，如动名词可作主语、宾语、表语等；现在分词作状语、补语、定语等，而且它与其逻辑主语是主动关系；过去分词可作定语、表语、状语等，而它与其逻辑主语是被动关系；对不定式的考查主要是作补语、状语、宾语等，另外，还常考查一些固定结构或句式中非谓语动词的形式。Play football not only makes us grow up tall .分析：Play改为Playing。动词原形不能作主语，所以应用非谓语动词形式，动名词作主语与谓语动词makes一致。I find that the neighborhood which I used to living in has changed a lot.分析：living改为live。根据句意可知，此处应为used to do sth.结构，表示“过去常常做某事”，而be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，二者不能混淆。She saw the man with knife in his hand and his face covering with a piece of cloth running towards her.分析：covering改为covered。cover的逻辑主语是face，与其是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。5动词的误用：主要包括一些近义词的用法区别、形近词的区别。She past her driving test and told her husband .分析：past改为passed。此处作谓语，故用动词pass的过去时而不用介词past。I listened that she had e back from the USA.分析：listened改为heard。listen是不及物动词，表示动作，hear是及物动词，表示结果。典型例题1 _ in the countryside made Mr. Wilson very hardworking when he was very young.ABringing upBHaving brought upCBeing brought up DBrought up解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：Mr. Wilson在乡下被抚养长大，这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知，bring up与Mr. Wilson之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句子缺少主语，故用being brought up。2 _ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.Apleting BTo pleteCHaving pleted DTo have pleted解析：选B考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语， 因此使用不定式，排除A和C，而且不强调完成，因此使用不定式的一般式，故选B。3 _ in the bank robbery, Tod was arrested by the local police early in the morning.AInvolving BInvolvedCTo involve DTo be involved解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：因为参与了银行抢劫案，托德一大早就被当地警方逮捕了。involve与Tod之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用involve的过去分词形式。Involved in .Because Tod was involved in .，在句中作原因状语。4 Some people try to knock me down, only _ me more determined to do things better.Ahaving made BmakeCto make Dmaking解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人试图把我击倒，结果却使我更加坚定地去把事情做得更好。only与不定式连用，用来表示意想不到的结果。5 Ang Lees new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel _ in xx.Awas published Bhaving publishedCpublished Dto be published解析：选C考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意，相当于定语从句that/which was published。6 The meeting which is reported _ this month has been put off till the end of next month.Abeing held Bto holdCto be held Dholding解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：本来宣布要这个月举行的会议已经被推迟到下月底了。hold与the meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，不定式则表示将来的动作。故C项正确。7 With Hurricane Sandy _ the US east coast, Obama had to cancel Wednesdays campaign events in order to focus on the rescue and response efforts for Sandy.Aapproach BapproachingCapproached Dbeing approached解析：选B此处考查with的复合结构。Hurricane Sandy与approach之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用approaching。8 he quarrel _ to the fight started from their disbelief in each other.Aled Bto leadCleading Dhas led解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间的怀疑。此处为现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰the quarrel。9 _ so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.I wish I could, but English is the only one I can speak.AVisiting BTo visitCTo have visited DHaving visited解析：选D考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，故空处应用非谓语动词形式；且visit与you之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故应用动词的ing形式。根据语境可知，空处的动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用动词的ing形式的完成式。10 _ too much for his intelligence, Harry often overlooks the importance of effort.APraised BHaving praisedCPraising DBeing praised解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：因为他的才智被过度赞扬，Harry经常忽视努力的重要性。Harry与praise之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示原因，故选A。11 A worldshocking shooting rocked a school in the US, _ twenty children and eight adults dead.Aleave BleftCto leave Dleaving解析：选D考查非谓语动词。句意：震惊世界的美国校园枪击案导致二十名儿童和八名成人遇难。分析句子结构，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。12 My brother sent me an email with one of his photos on Mount Tai _ to it.Aattached BattachCattaching Dto attach解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：我哥哥发给我一封电子邮件并附上了一张他在泰山照的相片。分析句子结构可知，attach与one of his photos之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作补语。13 By the time I saw the job _ in the newspaper, it was already too late to apply.Aadvertised Bto be advertisedCbeing advertised Dhaving been advertised解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：当我看到报纸上刊登的招聘广告时，已经太晚而无法申请了。advertise与job之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。又因此处表示“已完成”，故排除B、C两项；having done的形式不能作限制性后置定语，故排除D项。14 _ as a responsible person, Tony was appointed head of the department.AJudging BJudgedCHaving judged DTo be judged解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：托尼被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。分析句子结构可知，Tony与judge之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用动词的ed形式置于句首作原因状语。15 I regret _ you that your application has not been successful.Not successful? I performed pretty well in my interview!Ainforming Bto informChaving informed Dto have informed解析：选B考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：“我很遗憾地通知你，你的申请没有成功。”“没成功？在面试中我表现得很出色呀！”当某一动作在regret之后发生时，regret后需加to do作宾语；当某一动作在regret之前发生时，regret后需加doing/having done/to have done作宾语。本句中inform后于regret发生，故选B。1 _ little such material left, they decided to hold a meeting to discuss what _.AThere was; was done BBeing; to be doneCHaving; to do DWith; was done解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：那种材料所剩不多，他们决定开会讨论做什么。分析句意和句子结构可知，第一空用现在分词having作原因状语或用with复合结构，但第二空处暗含将来意味，表示“能用这不多的材料做什么”，故用“疑问词to do”作宾语，故选C。2 Mr. Johnson, _ as a manager for many years, found it hard to be an ordinary clerk again.Ahaving worked BworkedCto have worked Dworking解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：由于已经当经理很多年了，Mr. Johnson发现重新做回一名普通职员很难。主语Mr. Johnson与work之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式，由空后的时间状语“for many years”可知，应该用完成式。3 Was it George who telephoned?No. A man _ himself Peter.Acalled Bwas calledCcalling Dto call解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：“是乔治打来的电话吗？”“不，是一个自称叫彼得的人。”A man与call之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，且空处在句中作后置定语，故用call的现在分词形式。4 Under the environment of fierce petition, the only way John could imagine _ stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.Ahandling Bto handleChandled Dhaving handled解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：在激烈竞争的环境下，John唯一能想到的处理压力的方法就是通过更努力变得更坚强。由于此处是the only way，后面需要用to do结构。要注意John could imagine的干扰，它是定语从句，用来修饰the only way。故选B。5 Studies show that students often _ to too much pressure tend to develop mental problems.Aexposing Bbeing exposedCto expose Dexposed解析：选D考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，因expose与students之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动形式，排除A、C两项，此处不表示正在进行的动作，排除B项，故选D，为过去分词作后置定语。6 It is necessary that we keep the young generation _ of the current affairs.Ainformed Bbeing informedCinforming Dto inform解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：让年轻一代时刻了解时事是很有必要的。the young generation与inform之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用informed。7 More children in Beijing will reach school age next year, _ a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.Acreate Bto createCcreating Dcreated解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：明年在北京有更多的孩子到了上学的年龄，这导致在首都小学教师短缺。结合句意可知，此处应用动词的ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。8 _ with conducting an interview by QQ online, a facetoface interview in person can provide people with more reliable details.Aparing BparedCTo pare Dpare解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：和用QQ在线面试相比，亲自面对面的面试可以给人们提供更多可靠的信息。pare与a facetoface interview之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用pare的过去分词形式，选B。9 When I got back home I saw a note pinned to the door, _ “Sorry to miss you; I will call you later.”Aread BreadsCto read Dreading解析：选D考查非谓语动词。句意：当我回到家时，我看到门上别着一张纸条，上面写着“很遗憾没有见到你；晚会儿我会打电话给你。”note与read之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用read的现在分词形式。read表示“写着”。10 She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live in.Ato have played BplayedCplaying Dto play解析：选D考查非谓语动词。play的逻辑主语是each of us，此处用不定式的一般式作后置定语。11 Helena was excited, just as I had imagined, _ her lost pet.Afinding BfoundChaving found Dto find解析：选D考查非谓语动词。句意：正如我所想象的，Helena找到了她丢失的宠物很兴奋。分析句子结构可知，主句为：Helena was excited to find her lost pet.此处用动词不定式表原因。12 _ more tourists, travel agencies from both China and the DPRK have developed a package of new products.AAttracting BAttractedCTo attract DHaving attracted解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引更多的游客，中国和朝鲜的旅行社已经推出了一系列的新产品。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。13 _ around the university, we then were taken to a building, where many scientists worked.AShowing BHaving been shownCBeing shown DHaving shown解析：选B考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，句中的主语we与show之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据题中的“we then were taken to a building”可知，应用完成被动式，故选B。14 Unfortunately, we rushed the fallen old man to hospital, _ that we were responsible for him.Aonly telling Bonly to tellConly told Donly to be told解析：选D考查不定式作结果状语。句意：很不幸，我们迅速把摔倒的老人送到医院，却被告知要对老人(的摔倒)负责。根据句首的Unfortunately可知下文是坏结果，“only不定式”可作结果状语，表示意想不到的不好的结果。15 Despite the governments measures to cool the house market, housing demand in China still grew steadily in the second half of xx，_ a rapid rise in house prices.Aresulted in Bto result inCresulting in Dbeing resulted in解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然政府采取了一些给楼市降温的措施，但xx年下半年中国的住房需求仍然稳步增长，导致房价迅速上涨。根据句意和句子结构可知，result in与xx年下半年中国的住房需求仍然稳步增长构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用动词的ing形式作结果状语。1_ enough money, Li Hua was unable to buy the new house.ANot saved BNot having savedCNot to save DNot saving解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有攒下足够的钱，李华买不起这套新房子。save这个动作发生在buy之前，且save与Li Hua之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词的完成式。再结合句意可知，应用分词的否定形式，故B项正确。2Misunderstandings _ from lack of social munication, unless _ properly, may lead to serious problems.Aarisen; handling Barising; handledCrising; handled Drisen; handling解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏社会交流而造成的误解，如果得不到恰当的处理，可能会导致严重的问题。misunderstandings与arise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以第一个空用arise的现在分词形式，arise from意为“由产生”。handle与misunderstandings之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以第二个空用handle的过去分词形式。3If water bees increasingly scarce in decades _， water shortage will bee a hot issue all over the world.Aing Bhaving eCto e Dto be ing解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：如果在未来的几十年当中，水变得越来越紧缺，那么用水短缺将成为全世界的热点问题。此处是指未来的几十年，故应用不定式to e作后置定语，表将来，修饰名词decades。4_ the English speech petition will be a lot of work, so I need some volunteers to help out.AOrganize BOrganizedCOrganizing DBeing organized解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：组织英语演讲比赛是一项繁琐的工作，所以我需要一些志愿者来帮忙。“_ the English speech petition”作主语，且I与organize之间构成主动关系，故用organize的现在分词形式的主动式。5The new books _ in the factory these days are mainly intended for children.Aprinting Bto printCbeing printed Dto be printed解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：这些天工厂里一直在印的新书，主要是为孩子们设计的。分析句子结构可知，print与the new books之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式；又根据these days可知，此处表示这些天都在印这些新书。故C项正确。6Do you think you could get this package _ for me, please?No problem!Ato mail BmailedCmailing Dmail解析：选B考查非谓语动词。mail与package之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，构成get sth. done结构。7_ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted.AMaking BHaving madeCMade DTo make解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：出于情感而不是理智作了好几个重大决定，他感到极其后悔。分析句意可知，he与make之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且动词make发生在felt之前，故应用动词ing形式的现在完成式作原因状语。8Amy, please tell the people seated and _ for their turns to e to my office five minutes later.Yes, sir.Await BwaitingCwaited Dto wait解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：“艾米，请告诉坐在那里排队等着的人们，五分钟后到我的办公室。”“好的，先生。”分析句子结构可知，“seated and _ for their turns”是定语，修饰the people, the people与wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故选waiting。9_ to a top high school, as many parents believe, will guarantee their children a good university.AAdmitted BAdmittingCBeing admitted DHaving been admitted解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：很多父母相信，被顶级中学录取能保证孩子们上一所好大学。根据句意可知，孩子们是被顶级中学录取，应用动名词的被动形式作主语。注意：having done形式不能作句子的主语。10We had no one _ us, for we could deal with the case all by ourselves.Ahelp Bto helpChelped Dhelps解析：选A考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意：我们没让别人帮助我们，因为我们能够独自处理这件事。首先排除D项，helps为谓语动词，不作宾语补足语；no one与help之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故排除C项；have在本句中意为“使，让”，后面需加不带不定式符号to的不定式作宾语补足语，故选A。11The weather in Quzhou is rather cold in winter, especially _ that in my hometown.Ahaving pared to Bparing toCpare to Dpared to解析：选D考查非谓语动词。句意：衢州的冬天是相当冷的，尤其是把它和我家乡的气候相比较的时候。根据句意可知，句子的主语是weather，与pare之间构成被动关系，此处用过去分词作状语，故选D。12_ clearly _ nothing to do, the soldiers left the village the next day.AIt; was BIt; beingCThere; was DThere; being解析：选D考查独立主格结构。句意：很明显无事可做，士兵们在第二天就离开了那个村庄。Theres nothing to do“无事可做”，为固定用法，故可排除A、B两项；因逗号前后无连词，故应选用非谓语动词形式，所以正确答案为D。13With a great weight _ off her mind, she passed all the tests successfully.Ataking Bto takeCtaken Dbeing taken解析：选C考查with复合结构。句意：由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。分析句子结构可知，take与a great weight之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用“with宾语过去分词”结构。14By the age of two, Heidi could count to 40, draw pictures of people, and read books _ for sevenyearolds.Ameaning BmeantCbeing meant Dto mean解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：到两岁时，Heidi能数到40，画人物画，并能读专为七岁孩子写的书。be meant for sb.意为“为某人而准备的”。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语。故选B。15Sitting at the corner of the meeting room, he looked sad because there were so many problems _.Aremaining to settle Bremained settlingCremaining to be settled Dremained to be settled解析：选C考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在会议室的角落里，他看起来很伤心，因为仍然有许多问题需要解决。remain在there be结构中作后置定语，由于remain是不及物动词，故应用现在分词remaining；且settle与problems之间构成动宾关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式。remain之后接动词不定式表示动作还未完成。