2019-2020年高考英语优等生百日闯关系列 专题11 语法填空词类复习（一）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语优等生百日闯关系列 专题11 语法填空词类复习（一）方法与知识中等生在进行完词汇的复习之后，基础知识就基本巩固。第二个阶段就是根据高考题型进行对接训练。在短时间内熟悉高考题型并巩固基础知识。在新课标高考试卷中，语法填空题型是英语基础知识的最集中的体现。所以，我们依托高考题型语法填空来复习英语的基础知识，词类是语法填空中常考的内容。常考的词类包括：名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词及介词短语。这些词有一个共同特点，在高考试题中多以词形变化的形式进行考查，其次是固定搭配。名词命题规律 名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。名词的考查强调语言的情景化，重点考查在特定语境、真实语境中的准确辨析、选择和运用名词的能力。名词短语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是高考命题的注意点。 另外，在熟练掌握名词的基本意义和用法的同时，要特别留意某些名词的基本意义之外的引申、拓展和熟词生义的用法。名词的考点归纳：(1)抽象名词具体化：beauty美、美丽（不可数名词） a beauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）；experience经验（不可数名词）an experience一次经历（可数名词）；surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词） a surprise令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）；honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词） an honor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）；failure失败（不可数名词） a failure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）等等。(2)名词短语的固定的搭配：have/gain access to接近，到达；take into consideration考虑；take advantage of利用；in consequence of 由于 的缘故 ；put into effect 实行，生效 等等。【考例分析】1.“Learn through use” is a good piece of _ (advise) for those who are studying a new language. Ill stop and take a deep _.【答案与解析】考查名词。take a deep breath深呼吸，喘口气。We dont have to take great pains to control waste, but action and a grateful heart are needed; thank the water that runs through our fingers, and save it for poor Arabian or African countries struggling in water _ (short); 【答案与解析】shortage考查名词。根据句意：为贫穷的因水资源短缺而争斗的阿拉伯国家或非洲国家节约水，此处应填写short的名词形式，故正确词语是shortage。4.With the _ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious.【xx届甘肃省天水一中一诊】【答案与解析】随着工业的发展，空气污染变得越来越严重。考查名词：发展：development5.Air pollution is caused by the following 3_: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. 【xx届甘肃省天水一中一诊】【答案与解析】空气污染是由下面的原因造成的。考查名词“原因”reasons6. If everybody realizes the _(important) of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will be solved.【答案与解析】如果每个人都注意到环境的重要性。考查名词“重要性”：importance【方法总结】1.介词和动词后面可能缺宾语，这时填名词；2.考查含有名词的固定短语；3.句子缺主语时也可能填名词作主语；4.冠词后面可能填名词；5一定要注意名词的单复数形式。代词命题规律一、代词是每年必考，贯穿于各个试题类型的一个基本知识。考纲要求在广泛掌握代词基础知识的前提下，强调在具体语境中理解和使用代词。二、不定代词是代词中最重要、句法作用也是最为活跃的部分之一。因而，在复习中要注意总结、归纳，特别应熟记一批有特点的例句，以加深印象，更加准确地把握其用法。三、平时要多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视。代词高考常考点（1）人称代词：人称代词作主语一般用主格形式，做宾语用宾格形式，作表语用主格形式，做定语用所有格形式。反身代词一般做表语、同位语和宾语，作宾语的前提是宾语和主语一致。特别注意：人称代词用作表语时，如说明主语，一般要用主格，如说明宾语则要用宾格。在简单的答语中多用宾格形式替代主格形式。（2）反身代词：反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。（3） 指示代词：指示词有this, that, these, those等。注意以下4点：this, these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用；that, those是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用this。打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方，不用I或you。 this和that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。（4）不定代词：表示两者“都”用both，表示两者“都不”用neither/nor，表示两者中的“任一”用either。表示多者“都”用all，表示多者“都不”用none，no one, neither, nobody, nothing等表示多者中的“任一”用any。all单独使用，或者后接一个定语从句，或者前面有物主代词时，意为everything或the only thing(s)。another或“another单数可数名词”泛指“另一个，有一个，再一个”，其复数形式是others或“other复数名词”泛指“别人或别的物”，有someothers(一些另一些)之搭配。the other(+单数可数名词)特指两者中的另一个，常有onethe other(一个另一个)的搭配；其复数形式the others或“the other 复数名词”特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，“其余的”“剩下的”人或物。another还可用于“another基数词或few复数名词”中，与“数词或somemore/other 复数名词”相当。everything(一切事，最重要的事), everyone =everybody (每个人，所有人); something(某事，重要的人或事物), someone =somebody(某/有人，重要的人); anything(什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物), anyone =anybody(任何人，无论谁，重要的人); nothing(没有东西，什么也没有，不重要的人或事), no one=nobody(没有人，不重要的人)等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语，如for nothing(徒劳，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，等等。（5）代词it(they),one(ones)和that(those)的用法：代词one和it都可以代替上文中提到的可数名词，但one指代的是与上文中提到的同类物（复数用ones,主格和宾格相同）；而it指代的是上文提到的同一物品（复数用they（主格）和them（宾格）。one(ones)和that(those)这几个代词都可以代替上文中提到的名词，但使用时应注意：替代不可数名词时用that,或者省略不用名词，或者重复那个名词，但不可用one来代替。替代单数可数名词时用one和that均可，但泛指用one(相当于a/an+名词）；特指时用that（相当于the+名词）。one(ones)可以有形容词等前置修饰语，也可以有后置修饰语（of短语除外）；而that(those)不能有前置修饰语，它（们）的修饰语只能后置。后跟of短语时，一般只能用that(those)。【考例分析】【例1】Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 【解析】it 作宾语从句主语，替代动词不定式短语to choose。【例2】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _. 【解析】him please him (使他高兴)，填代词；根据句意，此处指代her father。【例3】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like _?”【方法总结】句子缺主语或宾语，空格后没有提示词，填词多为代词。形容词和副词命题规律形容词与副词主要考查以下几个方面：考查形容词作状语；考查比较级的用法尤其是隐性比较；考查一些习语搭配；与形容词同形的副词和形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别；多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序等。另外，在熟练掌握形容词与副词的基本意义和用法的同时，要特别留意一些形容词与副词的基本意义之外的引申、拓展和熟词生义的用法。形容词与副词基本用法：（1）形容词和副词的辨析形容词和副词的辨析主要分为两类：一类是给出语境，让学生填出符合这种语境的形容词或副词；另一类是形容词或副词的词形变化。近三年常考的有：形容词：appropriate；conscious；generous；reasonable；confident；creative；grateful ；important；spare；public；convenient；apparent；unchallenged；vital；available；specific；similar；available；affordable；acceptable；valuable副词：hopefully；curiously；occasionally；gradually thus；besides；rather；otherwise petitively；recently；reasonably besides；however；therefore；instead besides；otherwise；however；altogether especially；equally；naturally；normally nevertheless；besides；otherwise；therefore especially；regularly；particularly；approximately（2）形容词和副词比较等级 比较等级的常见句型：两者比较，用“比较级 than”表示。表示“两者之间较的那个”用“the比较级n. of the two n.”。表示“越，就越”用“the 比较级，the 比较级”。as原级adj./adv.as .表示“和一样”。not as/so原级adj./adv.as .表示“不如”比较等级前常用的修饰语：a little, a bit, slightly，much, a lot, a great deal, any, far, by far, even, still等。否定词比较级最高级：“否定词比较级”表达最高级含义。【考例分析】【例1】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”【解析】sweeter 句意是“什么也不会比这更甜”=这是世界上最甜的东西。【例2】I left it early because I had an appointment _ (late) that day.【解析】later 指那天晚些时候。【例3】It might have made it a little _ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class.【解析】harder 句中a little修饰比较级harder，表示“更难一点”作宾补。 【方法总结】当括号内所提示的词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，很可能填比较级和最高级。介词及介词短语命题规律一、对介词句法功能的考查：介词构成的短语，可以在句子中充当定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等；介词有时在句子中活用为副词，充当状语。二、对常用介词的辨析：介词用法多且复杂，相近的意思又可以有不同的介词表示，介词更着重与动词、形容词和其他从句结合在一起进行考查，所以要根据语境和交际条件灵活运用介词；同时对常用的介词要重点进行区别整理。三、对介词短语搭配的考查：介词常和某些形容词、动词和名词联合运用，形成固定搭配，表示各种不同的意思，只要记住这些固定搭配，准确把握词组的语义。介词与介词短语高考常考点：（1）常见介词的活用by，with，against，over，on，in，at，besides，for等是常考的介词。掌握这些介词的用法和意义、准确把握句子语境是解题的关键。下面是近年高考考查最多的几个介词，应重点掌握：over可表位置，意为“在上方，越过；遮住，盖住”，也可表时间，意为“在期间，(多年)以来”等，它还有“在(问题)上，对(某事)”等引申意义。by的主要意思有“在旁，靠近；乘(车、船等)；不迟于；到为止；被，由；根据，按照(关系)；通过方式”等，还可以用来表示增加或减少的程度。by构成的常见短语有：by and by不久，迟早；by and large大体上；by oneself单独；by the way顺便说说；by far得多，最 by chance碰巧；by accident偶然地；by means of借助；by no means绝不，一点也不；by mistake错误地。with可以用来表示“带有，拥有；随着；就来说；用，以；和，与；对于，关于”等意思。with还可用来表示原因。beyond表示“(时间)过了，比晚，迟于；(位置)在那边，超出之外；(范围)超过，为所不及，超出的范围”等意思。（2）介词短语的主要类型 高考主要考查学生对固定短语的掌握程度、对短语意义的了解以及介词在这些固定搭配中的应用：介词+名词：on the contrary相反；in turn依次；in ones opinion根据某人的看法；in detail详细地；out of reach够不着；beyond description难以描述地；out of question不成问题；out of the question不可能。动词+介词：remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人的；result from由引起；call at访问(某地)。形容词+介词：be curious about对好奇；be proud of因而自豪；be popular with受到的欢迎；be absorbed in全神贯注于；be enthusiastic about热衷于。介词短语：apart from除之外；in addition to除之外(还)；because of因为；instead of代替；in fear of为提心吊胆；for fear of以免；in case of防备；thanks to由于；in the middle of在中间；according to根据；in front of在前面；in return for作为对的回报；in charge of负责；as a result of作为的结果；in exchange for与交换等【考例分析】【例1】When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _ the trouble.【解析】for reward sb. for sth. 表示“因而酬谢/报答某人”。【例2】He did so the next day. He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day.【例3】When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _ table having supper.【解析】atat table表示“在进餐”，是习惯搭配。【方法总结】当“（+限定词）+名词”或“+代词/doing/从句”在句中不做主语或宾语时，通常填介词。体验高考xx新课标全国卷 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about_61_(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_(disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _66_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _65_(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _66_(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _67_(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked，“_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _69_(I)” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _70_(sudden) became friendly to one another.61. being介词about后使用v.ing形式，因此用being。62. and根据语境可知上下文之间是顺接关系，故用and连接。63. disappointed本句的主语是some of them，所以使用形容词作表语。64. tonext to在旁边。65. caught根据文章第一句“One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop”可知本文叙述的是一件过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时。66. to stoprefuse to do sth拒绝做某事。不定式作动词refuse的宾语。67. ridingkeep doing sth不停地做某事 。68. Did本句是直接引语，是一个一般疑问句。因为询问的是过去发生的事情，所以使用助动词did。69. me/mine此处可以使用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my suitcase。 70. suddenly此处应该使用副词来修饰句子的谓语动词，在句中作状语。模拟新题精选1.【xx年东北三省三校第二次联考】Camels certainly like eating green grass, not dry grass. But 1 (strange), camels always keep looking for dry grass 2 their stomachs are filled up.A classmate of 3 (I) whose home is on the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinjiang told me his home has two camels; he said you could imagine a camels appetite, for it can slowly swallow dozens of kilograms of hay (干草). I asked him 4 camels eat hay, not green grass. He said the camel is a kind of animal with 5 strong sense of suffering, 6 (fear) its master letting it travel through the desert the next day, and the hay in its stomach is more hunger-resistant 7 green grass.The camel has the best tolerance. Unfortunately, many people can only see a camels outstanding performance, but few understand its 8 (prepare) made for it.Life, 9 a camel traveling through the desert, 10 (need) the adequate accumulation, but not everyone can understand it.【答案】【小题1】 strangely【小题2】until/ till/ before【小题3】mine【小题4】why【小题5】a【小题6】fearing【小题7】than【小题8】preparations【小题9】like【小题10】needs【小题3】mine考查名词性物主代词。a ckassmate of mine等于my classmate，所以用mine。【小题4】why考查疑问副词。由后文的回答，可知此处用。why。【小题5】a考查冠词。a sense of固定搭配，所以用a。【小题6】fearing考查形容词。由前文的suffering可知此处用fearing。【小题7】than考查副词。more.than固定搭配。【小题8】preparations考查名词。preparation是可数名词。【小题9】like考查动词。生命，像骆驼在沙漠中旅行，所以用like。【小题10】needs考查动词。life是第三人称单数，所以加s。2.【xx山东省高三冲刺模拟一】Eleven-year-old Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous systemThe doctors did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering _1_ this illnessThey predicted shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair_2_ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again somedayThe doctors were charmed by her _3_（defeatable）spiritThey taught her about imagingabout seeing herself _4_（walk）Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(理疗），lying there faithfully doing her imaging，visualizing herself moving，moving，moving!One day，_5_ she was straining with all her might to imagine her legs moving again，_66_ seemed as though a miracle happened: the bed moved! She screamed out，“Look what I _7_（do）! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved，I moved！” Of course，_8_ this very moment everyone _9_ in the hospital was screaming，tooIt was the San Francisco earthquakeBut dont tell _10_ to AngelaShes convinced that she did itAnd now only a few years later，shes back in schoolOn her own two legsNo walking sticks，no wheelchair【答案】【小题1】from 【小题1】But【小题3】Undefeatable【小题4】walking【小题5】As【小题6】it【小题7】am doing【小题8】at【小题9】else【小题10】that/it【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Angela的坚强，最后成功的站起来的故事。【小题1】from。考查介词。from the illness从这个疾病中，是所以用from。【小题1】But。考查连词。后文她不相信医生们的预测，所以是转折关系，所以填but。【小题3】Undefeatable。考查形容词。后面spirit是名词，所以用Undefeatable修饰。【小题4】walking。老爱固定搭配。see somebody doing所以用walking。【小题5】As。考查副词。译为在的时候，所以填As。【小题6】it。考查固定搭配。it seems是固定搭配，所以填it。【小题7】am doing。考查时态。此处应是现在进行时，所以填am doing。【小题8】at。考查介词。at moment是固定搭配，所以填at。【小题9】else。考查形容词。其他的人也都尖叫，所以填else。【小题10】that/it。考查代词。it或that代指地震这件事，所以填that/it。考点：考查生活故事类短文阅读3.【xx宁夏银川一中第四次月考】Recently a new science behind incentives(激励), _1_ (include) in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children _2_ (do) better in school. _3 _ some cases, he gave students incentives based on input(输入), like reading certain books, while in _4_, the incentives 5 (base) on output, like results on exams. His main _6_ (find) was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryers conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be 7_ (effect) because students do not know how to do better on an exam, apart from general rules like “study harder”. Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over 8_ they have much more control. As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have 9_ much higher chance of success. And its easier to start again _10_ you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.【答案】【小题1】 including 【小题2】 to do 【小题3】 In 【小题4】 others 【小题5】 were based【小题6】 finding 【小题7】 more effective 【小题8】 which 【小题9】 a 【小题10】 If【解析】试题分析：题目考查学生对上下文的联系，还考查了学生对形容词比较级、最高级、副词、介词短语、条件句、代词、被动语态、非谓语动词等知识的掌握情况。【小题1】 考查非谓语形式 including做伴随状语，故填including。【小题5】考查动词的被动语态 be based on 以为基础。故填were based。【小题6】考查动词的名词形式finding 发现，故填finding。【小题7】考查形容词的比较等级用法。原文中此处含有更有效的意思。故写more effective。【小题8】考查定语从句的引导词。当定语从句引导词前油介词时，引导词只能用which。【小题9】考查冠词。该处泛指一个，故写a。【小题10】考查连词。If引导的是条件状语从句。故填If。4.【xx山东省菏泽市一模】Nowadays, more and more schools in China have rules making students wear school uniforms to School .A lot of Chinese students plain about 1 (wear) their school uniforms every day But 2 American students get annoyed about their uniforms, too? American high schools usually have a dress code,_ 3 is about requirements for students dressing. Boys at school must wear clean jackets every day. Girls are_ 4 (luck) than boys, they have more flexible 5 (choose) than boys. They can either dress similarly to the boys_6 wear a dress. In general, it takes a student 10-15 minutes every morning 7 (dress) up for class. As students do in China, plenty of American students also have their plaints about school uniforms. What if students really dislike the dress code and want to get rid of it? Instead of getting punished,_ 8 (actual) therere ways to do that. At my school, dress down tickets_. 9 (sell) on school days If students are willing to buy a ticket, they dont need to wear school uniforms the following day. I have a strong_ 10 (believe) that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too【答案】【小题1】 wearing 【小题2】do 【小题3】which 【小题4】luckier 【小题5】choices【小题6】or 【小题7】to dress【小题8】 actually 【小题9】are sold 【小题10】belief【解析】试题分析：该类试题主要考察考生的单词水平和上下文衔接能力。做题时要注意不仅选择适合的单词，还要根据不同的语境变换单词的形式。【小题3】which考察非限制性定语从句引导词。这里的which代指的是前面整个句子，并且在定语从句中做主语。故填which 【小题4】luckier考察比较级。根据该空后面的than以及所给单词luck是形容词可以判断出这里是要用比较级，故将luck变为luckier。该句意思为：女孩比男孩更幸运。【小题5】choices考察名词。根据该空其那面的助动词have（有）以及形容词flexible（灵活的）可以判断出空中应该是一个名词，故将所给动词choose改为choice。因为选择不止一个，所以要将s表示复数。故填choices。【小题6】or 考察固定短语。Eitheror不是就是。根据前面句子中的either可以判断出这是either or结构。该句意思为：他们既可以穿的像一个男孩也可以穿裙子。故填or【小题7】to dress考察固定结构这里是it takes sometimes to do sth结构，所以要将所给的单词dress变为不定时to dress。【小题8】actually 考察副词，这里是副词在句子中间做插入语。故将所给形容词actual变为actually。【小题9】are sold 考察被动语态。根据句意，在我的学校，上学的日子里有卖“换装”票，如果学生愿意买一张票，他们就不需要在明天穿学校制服。【小题10】belief考察名词。前面有一个形容词strong，形容词后面一般都是名词，故将所给动词believe变为名词belief。5.【黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学xx届高三期末】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A 24-year-old Long Island man was charged early Thursday morning after crashing his car and killing his girlfriend while driving over the speed limit. Kevin Daly 1 (sentence) to nearly three years in prison after losing control of 2 partner Alice Hicks car on a country road 3 80mph. She was a passenger in the Mini-cooper and was thrown from the car 4 he crashed into another vehicle 5 (move) in the opposite direction. Daly, 24, denied causing 6 (die) by dangerous driving and was found guilty by a jury (陪审团) at Taunton Crown Court. The court heard that neither Daly 7 Miss Hicks, 22, was wearing seatbelts at the time of the collision that happened on November 17, 2011. NBC New York reports Kevin Daly, was driving on County Road 83, when the road was blocked by a truck that was waiting 8 (turn) right. Witnesses described 9 Day had little or no chance of stopping behind the still traffic and he turned to avoid the van 10 hit a Mazda on the other side of the road.【答案】【小题1】was sentenced【小题2】his【小题3】at【小题4】when【小题5】moving【小题6】death【小题7】nor【小题8】to turn【小题9】that【小题10】but【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了一个交通事故，故事主人翁危险驾车，与搭乘车辆的人均未系安全带，最后引起了一起事故，最后Kevin Daly因此被判三年刑期。此类题型要注意句子间的逻辑关系，以及时态，固定搭配等用法。【小题1】考查sentence的用法。用作名词时，意为“句子；宣判”；用作动词时，意为“宣判；判决”。此题考查其作动词的用法，be sentenced to 被判处，且因为全文时态以过去时为主，故填was sentenced.【小题2】考查句子理解。从句子结构上判断，空白处应填入的成分为形容词来修饰partner. 根据句意，此题填入形容词性物主代词最符合逻辑，且主人翁为男性，故填his.【小题3】考查介词用法。mph=miles per hour 每小时英里数。可知前面应填修饰速度的介词。at常用来表示速度、价格、温度等，eg: The train runs at fifty kilometers an hour.句意：Daly在以80英里每小时的时速驾驶朋友Alice的车时，车子失控，他被判处近三年的刑期。故填at.【小题4】考查状语从句。句意：当他撞上对向驶来的汽车时，她被甩出了车子。此题要注意when和while的区别，两者均表示“当时候”，when多强调某一时间点；而while则表示某一时间段，谓语动词要为延续性动词。此题“was thrown”和“crashed”均为瞬间动词，故此题应填入when.【小题7】考查固定搭配。neither nor 既不也不 ；两者都不 句意：Daly和Hicks在撞击发生时都没有系安全带。故填nor.【小题8】考查wait用法。wait to do sth. 等着做某事 句意：当道路被一辆等着右转的卡册堵住时。故填to turn.【小题9】考查从句。填空处后面为完整句子，可知describe后接宾语从句，故填that引导宾语从句。【小题10】考查but的用法。句意：目击者描述道他很少有可能或几乎不可能将车停在停着的车后面，转向为了避让货车，然而撞到另一边的马自达。but作连词时，意为“但是；然而”；but作介词时，意为“除之外”，eg：I had nothing to do but wait. 除了等待，我别无他法。but作副词，意为“只不过”，eg：She is but a young girl. 她只不过是一个小女孩。考点：考查句子理解、动词用法、固定搭配等语法知识。6.【xx届河北保定市高三调研试题】Over the years Ive been teaching kids about a simple but powerful concept the ant philosophy（哲学）, an _1 (amaze)four-part philosophy.First, ants never quit. If theyre heading somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll climb over. theyll climb under, or theyll climb around They never quit_2 (look) for a way to get where they_3 _ (suppose) to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer. They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making_4_ . (prepare) for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer; think about rocks_5 _ _ you enjoy the sand and sun Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, they remind _6 , This wont last long and well soon be out of here. On _7_ first warm day, the ants are out. If it_8 _ (turn) cold again, theyll dive back down. But they e out again if it is warm Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it_9 (possible) can. _10 you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can【答案】【小题1】amazing【小题2】looking【小题3】are supposed【小题4】preparations【小题5】when/as【小题6】themselves【小题7】the【小题8】turns【小题9】p