2019-2020年高三上学期英语能力题训练四 Word版含答案.doc

2019-2020年高三上学期英语能力题训练四 Word版含答案一、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分；满分20分）Canadian smartphone maker Research In Motion (RIM), which makes the BlackBerry, says its back. The pany is 1 to reclaim a market it once dominated by 2 two new devices. The last few years have been a painful time for the pany as customers deserted its platform in 3 of newer and more 4 devices. This may be the panys last chance to 5 a vital player in an increasingly crowded marketplace. Two brand new devices are perhaps a fresh 6 for a pany that has seen its global market share 7 from 20 percent three years ago to just over 3 percent today. For BlackBerry CEO Thorsten Heins, its another chance to remake a faded 8 . “We have 9 been on a journey of transformation, not only a journey to transform our business and our brand, 10 one that I truly 11 transforms mobile munications into true mobile puting,” he said. The pany promises the same 12 level of network security the BlackBerry is known for, 13 a fast new browser and a more intuitive operating system. The Z10 14 much like the touch-screen phones popularized by its petitors, but the Q10 maintains the “qwerty” keyboard that has bee BlackBerrys trademark.Besides the technical and cosmetic (外观上的) updates, Heins says the pany will no longer be called RIM or Research In Motion. “Our customers use a BlackBerry, our 15 work for BlackBerry and our shareholders are owners of BlackBerry. From today on, we are BlackBerry 16 in the world,” he said. Shareholders will be watching if customers 17 the new devices. The panys stock has dropped as much as 90 percent in the last four years as it lost 18 to petitors. But pany shares have doubled in the last four months as anticipation 19 for the new models.Analysts say the new devices could make or 20 a pany, which many people praise for starting the technological revolution in smart-phones.1. A. refusingB. tryingC. urgingD. pretending2. A. introducingB. reviewingC. rejectingD. discovering3. A. favorB. chargeC. honorD. defense 4. A. popularB. expensiveC. plicatedD. familiar5. A. replaceB. reactC. remainD. reset6. A. recordB. dilemmaC. endD. start7. A. loseB. increaseC. riseD. fall8. A. brandB. tradeC. techniqueD. phone9. A. speciallyB. definitelyC. doubtfullyD. essentially10. A. andB. orC. butD. so11. A. agreeB. believeC. suspectD. deny12. A. highB. averageC. backwardD. normal13. A. except forB. regardless ofC. apart fromD. along with14. A. soundsB. smellsC. looksD. finds15. A. employeesB. consumersC. relativesD. petitors16. A. howeverB. wheneverC. nowhereD. everywhere17. A. adaptB. adjustC. adoptD. advocate18. A. landB. groundC. soil D. earth19. A. droppedB. changedC. remainedD. grew20. A. desertB. abandonC. breakD. deny二、阅读理解 （共15小题，每小题2分；满分30分）ASurviving treasures from the National Museum of AfghanistanAFGHANISTANCROSSROADS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD3 MARCH 3 JULY xxAt the heart of the silk road, Afghanistan linked the great trading routes of ancient Iran, Central Asia, Indian and China, and the more distant cultures of Greece and Rome. Nearly lost during the years of civil war and later Taliban (塔利班) rule, precious objects that reveal this diverse past were bravely hidden in 1989 by officials from the National Museum of Afghanistan to save them from destruction. The surviving treasures date from xx BC to the 1st century AD and included rich gold ornaments (装饰品) found at a burial site and limestone (石灰石) sculptures of a Greek city.This is a unique opportunity to discover the story of Afghanistans ancient culture, its immense fragility, and the remarkable dedication (奉献) shown to its survival and protection.DETAILED INFORMATIONOPENING HOURSThe exhibition is open late on Fridays until 20:30.10, members freeEXHIBITION AND EVENTS BOOKINGbritishmuseum.org020 7323 8181MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR VISITOn weekdays, take advantage of a classic afternoon tea package in the Court Restaurant for just 26 (including exhibition ticket).The exhibition catalogue (25 paperback) and other related titles are available in the museum shops or online at britishmuseum.org/shop.The exhibition Multimedia Guide (1) is available at the exhibition entrance.If you are visiting with a group, ask for the group ticket price. Details on group lecture packages are available at britishmuseum.org/groupvisits.SPECIAL EVENTSNowruzMonday 18 March, 17:30.Nowruz, or New Year, is celebrated in many countries from Afghanistan and Iran to Uzbekistan.17:3018:00 Entrance to exhibition.19:00 Talks and discussion on Nowruz.15 (including exhibition entry).Performance: The art of the Afghan rubab.Tuesday 14 May, 16:3017:30.Afghan rubab virtuoso Soudi Homayun Sakhi and tabla player Yusuf Mahmoud give a performance of a full raga and folk pieces.5, members 3.Easter holiday activitiesThursday 18 Monday 22 April,11:0016:00.Explore the rich culture of Afghanistan. Listen to stories of Alexander the Great, try making a kite and be inspired by the treasures from the Hill of Gold.Suitable for all ages.Free, just drop in.21. When seeing “The art of the Afgahan rubab”, a tourist can pay less by _.A. booking tickets online B. attending talks and discussion on NowruzC. calling at 020 7323 8181D. being a member of the British Museum22. Where can you most probably find this passage?A. In a high school text book.B. In a history magazine.C. In a state-owned newspaper.D. In a travelers booklet.BIn this section, we are concerned with reconstructive memory. Suppose you are trying to remember some event. Reconstructive memory would involve bining the pieces of information about the event you can remember with your relevant knowledge and experience to reconstruct what probably happened. The concept of reconstructive memory is related to schema theory. A schema is an organized package of information containing your knowledge about the world; it helps us to make sense of it all. Schemas are stored in long-term memory. Your schemas tell you that if you were wearing a T-shirt it was likely to be summer. Bower, Black, and Turner showed that most people share similar schemas. Most people listed the following as the most important events associated with having a restaurant meal: sitting down, looking at the menu, ordering, eating, paying the bill, and leaving the restaurant.In the early 1930s, it was generally assumed that memory simply involves remembering the information presented to us. However Bartlett argued that memory was often more plex than that, in that previous knowledge in the form of schemas has influence on our memory. He thought what was of key importance was to ask participants to memorize a text selected to produce conflict between its contents and their knowledge of the world. As a result, the participants would connect their own schemas to the contents. This would result in misrepresentation of the material. For example, if people read a story taken from a different culture, then this would contain words and concepts that were foreign It would be likely that the participants previous knowledge would influence the way this information was remembered, making it more acceptable from the standpoint of their own cultural background. Bartletts work suggested that the process of remembering things is an active reconstruction of the bits that are stored. What is involved here has been pared to using a few dinosaur bones to reconstruct what the dinosaur probably looked like. When you learn something, it is actually only elements of the experience that are stored.So reconstructions are made by bining the real elements of a memory with your knowledge of the world. Our prejudices will influence what we think we have seen, and how we later recall the information.23. How does the author explain the schema theory in Paragraph l?A. By explaining principles in daily life. B. By paring different events.C. By reporting experiment results. D. By giving mon examples. 24. What is schema?A. An organized package of information that makes sense to people.B. Relevant information showing your understanding of the world.C. Pieces of information about the event you can remember.D. The most important events associated with each other.25. Bartlett believed that _ .A. earlier experience would affect what people recalledB. memory was more plex than what schema theory supportedC. conflict existed in peoples knowledge of the world D. people tended to make information acceptable26. What is the passage mainly about?A. What helps regain memory.B. How memory is reconstructed.C. What the real elements of memory are. D. How schema theory influences memory.CAmericas businesses are getting older and fatter, while many new businesses are dying in infancy.A study last month by the Brookings Institution found that the proportion of older firms has grown steadily over several decades, while the survival rate of new panies has fallen. In addition, young people are starting panies at a sharply lower rate than in the past.A new report from the National Association of Manufacturers shows a major cause: The cost of obeying government regulations has risen to more than $2 trillion (12.26 trillion yuan) annually, or 12 percent of the GDP, and this cost falls disproportionately on smaller, newer businesses.Its risky, difficult and expensive to start a business, and getting more so. Governments are imposing various new rules on a seemingly daily basis: health insurance, minimum wage increases and, most recently in California, pulsory paid sick days for even hourly employees. These regulations shift huge social welfare costs directly onto often-struggling small businesses, while being proportionally much less costly for larger panies.This is partly an unintended issue of resourcesestablished panies can cope with new costs more easilybut its also deliberate. For instance, big insurance panies got a seat at the table to help write Obamacare, but less politically powerful firmslike medical device manufacturersgot squeezed.Mature, successful corporations can employ ex-lawmakers with connections, distribute campaign contributions and even write regulations for themselves. They are also more likely to want to protect steady revenue streams than revolutionize their industry.Major panies that have been so ill-managed they would otherwise collapseairlines, car panies and banksstagger（蹒跚）on because politicians ride to the rescue with bags of taxpayer money.The genius of our unique system of government is the determination to protect and defend the rights of the individual over the rights of the nation. As such, the rise of a well-connected oligarchy（寡头政治）that protects big business at the expense of small business, and the established over the new, is opposite to American ideals.Ine inequalitywhich is directly caused by faulty government policyis being promoted as the reason to impose more of that bad policy. But lets be perfectly clear, we do not have a free market but one where government picks winners and losers through regulations and financial aids.Politics is, and always has been, about balancing peting interests seeking to benefit themselves, and thats as it should be, but the force of government should never be used to reduce petition, kill innovation or support and extend artificial monopolies（垄断）by harming the consumer, the taxpayer and the economy. Policy must breed our new and small businesses or see the as-yet undreamed of innovations that could be our bright future die in infancy.27. We can learn from the passage that _.A. over several decades, new panies have grown steadilyB. The cost of obeying government regulations falls equally on all businessesC. less politically powerful firms also have their voice in making regulationsD. mature, successful corporations prefer to maintain their stable ines28. We can infer from the last three paragraphs that _.A. the rise of a well-connected oligarchy is contrary to American idealsB. the state economy may depends on those innovative businessesC. ine inequality is what the government should take action to resolveD. the government picks winners and losers through the law of free market29. It can be concluded from the passage that _A. Larger and older firms have a mand of resources of various aspectsB. most of the ex-lawmakers work in mature, successful corporationsC. politicians like providing financial aids to the panies of worse operationD. big insurance panies have better relationship with Obama30. As to the development of smaller businesses, the writer is _A. contentedB. confident C. concerned D. convincedDRosemary sat at her kitchen table, working a crossword puzzle. Crosswords were nice; they filled the time, and kept the mind active. She needed just one word to plete this mornings puzzle; the clue was “a Swiss river,” and the first of its three letters was “A”. Unfortunately, Rosemary had no idea what the name of river was, and could not look it up. Her atlas was on her desk, and the desk was in the guest room, currently being occupied by her grandson Victor.Looking up over the tops of her glasses, Rosemary glanced at the kitchen clock: it was almost 10 a.m. Land sakes! Did the boy intend to sleep all day? She noticed the pain in her wrist again, and put down her pen. Anyhow, at 87 years of age, she was glad she could still write at all. She had decided long ago that growing old was like slowly turning to stone; you couldnt take anything for granted. She stood up slowly, painfully, and started walking to the guest room.The trip, though only a distance of about 25 feet, seemed to take a long while. Rosemary arrived at the door to the guest room. It stood slightly open, and she looked through the opening. Victor lay sleeping on his side, his arms bent, his expression slightly pained. Get up, lazy bones, she wanted to say. Even in childhood, Rosemary had never slept past 4 a.m.; there were too many chores to do. How different things were for Victors generation! Her youngest grandson behaved as if he had never done a chore in his life. Twenty-one years old, he had driven down to Florida to visit Rosemary in his shiny new car, a gift from his dear parents. Victor would finish college soon, and his future appeared bright if he ever got out of bed, that is.Something Victor had said last night over dinner had disturbed her. Now what was it? Oh yes; he had been talking about one of his college courses a “gut”, he had called it. When she had asked him to explain the word, Victor had said it was a course that you took simply because it was easy to pass. Rosemary, who had not even had a high school education, found the word unpleasant. If she had been allowed to continue her studies, she would never have taken a “gut” .The memory flooded back then, still painful as an open wound all these years later. It was the first day of high school. She had graduated from grammar school the previous year, but her father had forbidden her to go to high school that autumn, saying she was needed on the farm. After much tearful begging, she had gotten him to promise that next year, she could start high school. She had endured a whole year of chores instead of books, with animals and rough farmhands for pany instead of people of her own age. Now, at last, the glorious day was at hand. She had put on her best dress (she owned two), her heart racing hopefully.But her father was waiting for her as she came downstairs.“Where do you think youre going?” he asked.“To high school, Papa.”“No youre not. Take that thing off and get back to work. ”“But Papa, you promised!”“Do as I say!” he thundered.There was no arguing with Papa when he spoke that way. Tearfully, she had to drag herself upstairs to change clothes. Rosemary still wondered what her life would have been like if her father had not been waiting at the bottom of the stairs that day, or if somehow she had found the strength to disobey him.Suddenly, Victor moved slightly, without waking, and whispered something unintelligible. Waken from her daydreaming, Rosemary stared at Victor. She wondered if he were having a nightmare.31. From the second paragraph we know that Rosemary felt it _ to be getting older.A. acceptable B. terrible C. unbearable D. enjoyable32. By saying “if he ever got out of bed” (Para. 3) Rosemary thought Victor was _.A. too tired to get up B. promising but lazyC. impolite to oversleep D. old enough to help with chores33.Why did Rosemary dislike Victors use of the word “gut”？A. Because it showed that Victor didnt take education seriously.B. Because it reminded Rosemary of her grammar school classes.C. Because it indicated that college courses were too easy to pass.D. Because it implied that Rosemary was lacking in high school education.34. The year after Rosemary graduated from grammar school was _.A. used for reading and writing.B. ruined by illness and hardship.C. filled with travel and adventure.D. spent entirely away from her fellows.35. The passage as a whole is mainly about_.A. Rosemarys concern for Victors study.B. Rosemarys struggle to keep painful memories.C. whether Rosemary will go up to wake Victor up.D. whether Rosemary should fight for her schooling opportunity.三、任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）Born to WinEach human being is born as something unique, something that never existed before. Each person is born with what he needs to win at life. A normal person can see, hear, touch, taste, and think for himself. Each has his own unique potentials-his capabilities and limitations. Each can be an important, thinking, aware, and creatively productive person in his own right-a winner. The words winner and loser have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose. Instead a winner is one who responds honestly by being trustworthy and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society. A loser is one who fails to respond honestly. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. He can separate facts from opinion and doesnt pretend to have all the answers. He listens to others, evaluates what they say, but es to his own conclusions. A winner is flexible. He does not have to respond in known, rigid ways. He can change his plans when the situation calls for it. A winner has a love for life. He enjoys work, play, food, other people, and the world of nature. Without guilt he enjoys his own acplishments. Without envy he enjoys the acplishments of others. A winner cares about the world and its people. He is not separated from the general problems of society. He tries to improve the quality of life. Even in the face of national and international difficulty, he does not see himself as helpless. He does what he can to make the world a better place. Although people are born to win, they are also born totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the change from dependence to independence, losers do not. Somewhere along the line losers begin to avoid being independent. This usually begins in childhood. Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are among the many e