2019-2020年高三上学期第一次段考英语试题.doc

佛山一中xx届高三第一次段考英语试题xx.10I 语言知识及应用 (共两节, 满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Ernest Hemingway probably made the best conclusion when he said , “ All modern American literature es from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn.” First published in 1885, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is now 1 to be one of the Great American Novels. However, the book was once labeled offensive by some readers. It was even banned in schools for its 2 of the word “nigger”, which was regarded as a sign of racism . But on the contrary, the novel is in fact against 3 . In the book, Twain 4 the character of Jim, a runaway slave who convinces Huck that African-Americans are 5 the freedom, and that equality is a goal for which we all should be fighting. Mark Twain wrote Adventures of Huckleberry Finn twenty years after the American Civil War. Slavery had been abolished, the North and South were 6 , and America regained peace. So why publish a tale about a system that was no longer in 7 ? Werent race issues a meaningless point once slavery was out of the picture? Although the Emancipation Proclamation (解放宣言) had been signed over two decades before Huckleberry Finns original publication date, African-Americans everywhere were still 8 of oppression and racism. Freedom didnt mean equality by any means-not legally, socially, or practically. Actually, this isnt an outdated idea at all. Rules and laws often dont 9 reflect whats really going on. From a legal standpoint today, we have equality of race, yet racism is still a problem. Men and women are 10 , yet many still see a “glass ceiling” for women in the workplace, meaning they often have unseen 11 to advancement. That doesnt mean laws are 12 . Laws may not immediately lead to change, but weve seen that they do 13 how people act and change the way we think. We cant rely on laws alone. We need people like Mark Twain to 14 us not to be self-congratulatory (自鸣得意) for starting a process, but instead to realize that greater change is always 15 .1. A. considered B. praised C. translated D. discovered2. A. explanation B. use C. understanding D. example3. A. war B. ignorance C. separation D. slavery4. A. wrote B. created C. described D. expressed5. A. deserving B. enjoying C. limiting D. respecting6. A. standing up B. making up C. turning up D. waking up7. A. reality B. advance C. place D. sight8. A. viewers B. witnesses C. victims D. petitors9. A. probably B. extremely C. eventually D. accurately10. A. powerful B. equal C. enthusiastic D. similar11. A. boundaries B. approaches C. choices D. adventures12. A. endless B. speechless C. careless D. useless13. A. arrange B. affect C. determine D. record14. A. force B. persuade C. require D. remind15. A. acceptable B. effective C. necessary D. positive第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Blue jeans represent American culture. Levi Strauss did not invent jeans, but he _16_ ( consider) the first person to make and sell great numbers of them. He was born in Bavaria, _17_ area that today is part of Germany. In 1847, he and _18_ family immigrated to the United States.Levi Strauss opened a small dry goods store, first in New York, then in San Francisco, California. Among the products he sold were jeans. These pants were especially _19_( use) to miners in California. They needed clothing _20_( make) from a heavy cotton cloth called denim. Levi Strauss partnered with a clothing maker named Jacob Davis. Davis had invented a process for making rivets(铆钉) for jeans. In 1873, the government gave Strauss and Davis a patent for their invention. That meant no one else could legally copy it _21_their permission. They began producing_22_ they called “copper-riveted waist coveralls”.Today jeans e in blue but also lots of _23_ colors and in many styles and in all prices. Some designers charge three hundred dollars or more _24_ a pair of jeans.Some people like to buy jeans that look fresh and new. Others like to buy new jeans _25_ are torn and look old. What kind of jeans do you like?II 阅读 (共两节；满分50分)第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。2019-2020年高三上学期第一次段考英语试题When the SS Gairsoppa was sunk by a German war boat 70 years ago，it took its huge silver cargo to a watery grave. Today, US divers are working to recover what may be the biggest shipwreck treasure ever.The Florida-based pany Odyssey Marine Exploration announced that it had found the Gairsoppa, and cited official documents indicating the British ship was carrying some 219 tons of silver when it sank in 1941 in the North Atlantic, some 300 miles off the Irish coast.Valued then at 600,000, the silver today is worth about $ 210 million, which would make it historys largest recovery of precious metals lost at sea.“Weve acplished the first stage of this project the location and identification of the target shipwreck and now were hard at work planning for the recovery stage，” Odyssey project manager Andrew Craig said.Under the terms of an agreement reached between Odyssey and the British government，the pany will retain 80 percent of the silver it can recover from the wreck.The 412-foot Gairsoppa had been sailing from India back to Britain in February 1941 carrying a cargo of silver, iron and tea, when a storm hit. Running low on fuel, the ship was forced to change direction and headed for Galway，Ireland，the nearest port of safety.It never made it，sunk by a German torpedo （鱼雷） in the contested waters of the North Atlantic. Of the 85 people on board，only one survived.The Gairsoppa came to rest nearly 15 ,400 feet below the surface, where for decades it was lost to the world. All previous efforts to locate the shipwreck failed.New photographs released by the Oddesy show clear details of the ship，including the hole blown open by the torpedo. The find highlights the influential role that modern technologies，such as global positioning systems and deepwater robots，have e to play in the business of finding shipwrecks.Odyssey president Mark Gordon said, The majority of the worlds ocean floor has not yet been explored. We know more about the surface of the moon than we know about the deepest parts of the oceans. Its exciting to be working at depths like these and to be among the pioneers of this unexplored frontier, ”26. What caused the ship to sink?A. A dangerous storm. B. A German attack. C. A loss of direction. D. An accidental explosion.27. Where was the ship headed when it sank?A. India.B. Ireland.C. The United States. D. Britain.28. Which of the following about the Gairsoppa is true?A. All the passengers aboard were killed.B. Some of its treasures have already been recovered.C. It is under more than 15,000 meters of water.D. It is officially owned by the British government.29. Why has it taken so many years to find the location of the ship?A. The required technology was not available before.B. People had pletely forgotten the ship had been sunk.C. Search permission had previously been refused.D. Official ship records have only recently been discovered.30. What does Mark Gordon think of deep-sea exploration?A. It is more difficult than space exploration.B. It is a very expensive activity.C. It is still in its early stage.D. It can make explorers very rich，BYou are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others. Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they dont let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they dont blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth. Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause othersand even themselvesto feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives. In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life. In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are. 31. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems. C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings. 32. According to Paragraph 2, creators _. A. seem willing to experience failures in lifeB. possess the ability to predict future lifeC. handle ups and downs of life wiselyD. have potential to create something new33. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life. B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives. C. Victims can influence more people than creators. D. pared with victims, creators are more emotional. 34. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _. A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains D. ones experiences determine his attitude toward life 35. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To define victims and creators. B. To evaluate victims against creators. C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators. D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators. CTwo friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isnt in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speakers position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to acplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue bees clearer, the conflict often simply bees smaller. Even if it doesnt, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, 64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.36. This article is mainly about_.A. the lives of school childrenB. the cause of arguments in schoolsC. how to analyze youth violenceD. how to deal with school conflicts37. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that_.A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtimeB. a small conflict can lead to violenceC. students tend to lose their temper easilyD. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight38. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?A. To find out who to blame.B. To get ready to try new things.C. To make clear what the real issue is.D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.39. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that_.A. there was a decrease in classroom violenceB. there was less student cooperation in the classroomC. more teachers felt better about themselves in schoolsD. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved40. The writers purpose for writing this article is to_.A. plain about problems in school educationB. teach students different strategies for school lifeC. advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsD. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violenceDThe Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequence other countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little munication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining pany discovered phosphate (磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The pany began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a pany strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip-mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By xx, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.41. What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To seek help for Naurus problems.B. To give a warning to other countries.C. To show the importance of money.D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.42. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?A. Rich and powerful.B. Modern and open.C. Peaceful and attractive. D. Greedy and aggressive.43. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _.A. soil pollution B. phosphate over-miningC. farming activity D. whale hunting44. Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?A. Its leaders misused the money.B. It spent too much repairing the islandC. Its phosphate mining cost much money.D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.45. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B. The leaders will take the experts words seriously.C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.第二节：信息匹配：（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）首先，请阅读下列商品的信息和下列顾客的信息，然后匹配商品与顾客：A. Hometown Favorites 1950s Nostalgic（怀旧的）Candy Gift Box: $26.99l Handpicked collection of candies from the 1950s with a “Back in the 1950s” insert l Contains over three pounds of candy from the 1950s l Over 30 pieces of hard-to-find treats l Gift box features full-sized versions of the original candies l Perfect gift for holidays, birthdays, and/or anniversariesB. The all-new Kindle - Lighter, smaller, faster: $139 l 30% lighter, less than 6 ounces l 18% smaller body, same 6 screen size - fits in your pocket l Most advanced E Ink display, reads like paper l Built in Wi-Fi - get books in 60 seconds l Massive book selection, over 800,000 titles are $9.99 or less C. Nikons D3100 digital camera: $479l Capture beautiful pictures and amazing movies with sound and full-time autofocus. l Assure breathtakingly rich image quality, managing color, contrast, exposure（曝光）and noise. l You can also select from 6 Automatic Exposure Scene Modes: Portrait, Landscape, Child, Sports, Close-up or Night Portrait for stunning results in otherwise challenging conditions. l Easily capture the action other cameras miss with a fast start up time and split-second（