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观察描述类作文,该类作文的写作三要素为人物（who）、环境（where）、情节（what）； 记叙的基本线索是时间顺序或空间顺序，因此通常行文中用一些表示时间的词语（如 when, while, before, after, then, during, suddenly, finally, at last 等）， 或表示空间的词语（如 along, above 等），把一系列时间或动作连接起来。,观察描述类作文在2003年以前从未出现在四级考试中，但2003年一年中连续出现了两次，分别为 The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured) 和 An Eyewitness Account of a Traffic Accident,需要注意以下几个方面： 1交待背景 文章的开头应介绍时间、地点、人物等，这样有助于读者对文章的理解。例如 The Day My Classmate Fell Ill 一文，开头需要有一个简单的自我介绍，以便读者弄清楚作者在故事叙述中充当的角色。 2详略得当 该类作文中细节描写必不可少，但过多的细节会冲淡文章的主题，扰乱读者的思路。因此在细节的选择上，只有选用那些与主题相关或能表达中心思想的，才能收到预期的效果。 3条理清楚 观察描述类作文不同于论说文，一般不能按逻辑推理顺序来组织语言，也没有现成的框架可遵循，更谈不上总分（总）的结构。这类文章一般按照时间顺序或空间顺序来描述，所以必须层次清晰、条理清楚.,An Eyewitness Account of a Traffic Accident （2003年6月） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an eyewitness account of a traffic accident. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点： 1）车祸发生的时间及地点； 2）你所见到的车祸情况； 3）你对车祸原因的分析, My name is Li Ming. I am an English major in Peking University. A week ago, I saw a traffic accident in a rainy day, which still sticks in my mind. It was about 9:00 on Saturday morning, June 15th. I was talking to my friends on the sidewalk near my university when I heard a sudden noise of clash of metals. It happened just at the crossing nearby. A motorbike was hit by a taxi. I went up and found that the motorbike was badly damaged. The driver was groaning on the ground, bleeding. The street turned chaotic. According to the stopping track on the road, it is clear that the motorbicycle failed to see the car coming from behind a truck. On the other hand, the taxi driver was driving too fast in such a rainy day. Anyway, I believe accidents may be avoided if everyone drove slowly. (157 words),模板 第一段： My name is . I am . (自我介绍) At noon, around (时间) , I was when I was shocked by . (事故的发生) I saw . (第一眼所见场景) 第二段： Soon . (事情的发展一) I got there and found . (事情的发展二) At the same time I saw . (同时发生的事) It was obvious that . (作者的推断) After a moment, . (事情的发展三) 第三段： The above is all I saw about the accident. (概述) It is my opinion that , especially . (事故原因一) Besides, . (事故原因二) Anyway, I believe accidents may be avoided if . (总结),常用句式,一、交待主题 It was the most exciting moment that I have ever experienced. 那是我所经历过的最激动人心的时刻。 Last week, I narrowly escaped being drowned. 上个星期，我差点被淹死。 Yesterday, I narrowly escaped being fined. 昨天，我侥幸逃过罚款。 I was on my way home when something terrible happened. 我正走在回家的路上，突然一件可怕的事情发生了。 I was listening to music when I heard someone calling for help. 我正听着音乐，突然听见有人喊救命。 I quickly turned aroud, just in time to see the whole process of the accident. 我迅速转过身去，正好看到了事故发生的全过程。,二、表示事件发生的时间 The event took place in the early morning. 事情发生在清晨。 The story happened the day I entered this university. 故事发生在我刚进大学的那一天。 All through my college life, I couldnt forget 在我整个大学生涯中，我无法忘记 In the years that followed 在接下来的几年中 No sooner had I arrived there than I realized the trip would be unusual. 一到达那里，我就意识到这次旅行将不同寻常。,三、表现作者的心理活动 I could hardly believe my eyes. 我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。 I felt as if I were on top of the world. 我感觉自己好象是世界上最幸福的人。 I was completely shocked. 我彻底惊呆了。 I was bursting with joy. 我欣喜若狂。,四、描写人物外貌和性格 He is of medium height. 他中等身材。 He is good-looking/ordinary-looking. 他相貌很好（平平）。 She is plump/slim, with fair skin and curly hair. 她很丰满（苗条），皮肤白皙，头发卷曲。 He looks handsome in a sports suit/blue jeans. 他身穿运动服（蓝色牛仔服），显得很帅气。 He is of mild/bad temper. 他脾气温和（暴躁）。 He never stops studying/complaining. 他勤于学习（喜欢抱怨）。 He shows great interest in classic music. 他对古典音乐有着浓厚的兴趣。 At first glance, you would say he is the perfect image of an obedient boy, but deep down, he is not that way at all. 乍一看，你可能会觉得他是个很听话的孩子，但骨子里，他并非那样。,四、描写物体 It comes in a variety of color/shapes. 它有各种各样的颜色（形状）。 It consists of several integrated parts. 它由几个互相关联的部分组成。 It is shaped like a circle. 它的形状像个圆。 It is flat in shape and small in size. 它形状扁平，体积纤小。 Attached to the bottom is 与底部相连的是,
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