独立主格结构一看就懂.ppt

独立主格结构 常见类型及其用法,一、独立主格结构的构成形式 1、逻辑主语+V-ing 两个分句间如没连词，从句的谓语要 作相应改变。如： 1) _no bus, we had to walk home. A. There being B. Being C. Having been D. There was,A,2)_no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was 3)_Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been 4)_Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is,B,C,D,2、逻辑主语+V-ed 例1）分句间没连词，从句的谓语变成了非谓语。 1)_, the train started. A. The signal given B. Giving the signal B. The signal being given D. The signal giving 2)_, the train started. A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given C. Giving the signal D. After the signal was given,A,D,3)_, the text became easier for us to learn. A. Explaining new words B. New words explained C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words 4)_, the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words C. New words explaining D. Being explained new words,B,A,3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词） 省去连词后的“主系表”结构： 1)_, the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions 2)_, the patient can leave the hospital. A. If better conditions B. If conditions better C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions,B,C,3._, wed like to go outing. A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK 4._, wed like to go outing. A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK C. Sunday OK D. A, B and C 5._, you can wait a while. A. The play being still on B. The play still on C. Being still on the play D. A and B,B,D,D,1._, I had to ask for two days leave. A. Mother being ill B. Bother ill C. As mother was ill D. A,B and C 2._, we have to work late into the night. A. The exam near B. The exam being near C. As the exam is near D. A,B and C,D,D,原因状语：可以用独立结构（没有连词） 原因状语从句：（从句当然有连词，不然用分号）,2、时间状语 由连词when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句； 省略连词的独立结构（状语） 1._, the train started. A. The signal given B. After the signal was given C. Given the signal D. A and B 2._, the text became easier for us to learn. New words explained B. When new words were explained C. When teacher explained new words D. all the above,D,D,3、条件状语 独立主格结构作条件状语,可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如： 1)._, well go to visit the Great Wall. A. Weather permitting B. If weather permits C. If permitting D. A and B 2.)_, the patient will recover himself soon. A. If the treatment is in time B. The treatment in time C. The treatment being in time D. A,B and C,D,D,4、伴随状语 并列句省去连词，将分句的谓语进行改变。 1).We have lessons every day, _. A. Sunday included B. Sunday including C. Sunday is including D. all the above 可以理解为: “，and Sunday is included” 2).The boy fell asleep,_. A. cap on head B. with a cap on head C. a cap on was on head D. all the above 答案B应为：with a cap on his head （不简明）,A,A,3.Father came home,_ A. a dog following him B. followed by a dog C. being followed by a dog D. all the above 还可以：“with a dog following him.” (不简明）,D,更多练习 1.省略连词后，主动的谓语变成-ing形式； 2.省略连词后，被动句的谓语变成-ed形式。 3.两句的主语相同，不是独立主格结构。 改写时，分句的主语可以省略，也可保 留，少用、慎用。,分词短语在句中常作以下状语： 1、原因状语 1._late, we had to walk home. A. Being B. As we were C. We being D. A and B 2._ busy, they had no time to play. A. As they were B. Being C. Because they were D. all the above,D,D,主语相同，就不叫独立结构,2、时间状语 1._ the students homework, the teacher found a lot of mistakes. A. When he was correcting B. When he was corrected C. Correcting D. A and C 2._by your teachers, you are supposed to be modest. A. When you are praised B. Praised C. When praised D. all the above,D,D,3、条件状语 1._ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper. A. If he is given B. If given C. Given D. all the above 2._ another chance, Ill do my job better. A. If I have B. If having C. Having D. all the above,D,D,4、伴随状语 1.Father came back, _a bag of money on his left shoulder. A. carrying B. he was carrying C. and carrying D. all the above 2.Father came back, _ by a monkey. and he was followed B. followed C. and was followed D. A and B,D,A,二、逻辑主语 1.分句的连词省略后，分句变成独立主 格结构，原分句的主语，成为“逻辑 主语”，逻辑主语不能省去； 2。“with + 复合宾语+其他”结构也有 逻辑主语。逻辑主语和主句的主语不 一致。,2._, he finished playing the game of chess. A. His eyes closing B. With his eyes closed C. Closed eyes D. Closed his eyes 3._, I couldnt get the book I wanted. A. Closed B. Library closed C. Closing library D. With library closing,B,B,1._, well go fishing in the country. A. Permitting weather B. Weather permitted C. Weather permitting D. Permitting 答案C. =If time permits, ,C,三、主语和逻辑主语相同 从属连词when, if, unless, though, while等 加分词的时候不要与and, but, or, so等混用。 1._ , the teacher told the class to go through the text A. Checking the answers B. Checking the answers and C. When checking the answers and D. all the above,A,2._a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside. A.It being B.Being C.It was D.all the above 3.As_a little sick, he remained at the clinic. A. feeling B. he felt C. he felling D. all the above,C,B,四、要注意句子主语同这些结构的逻辑关系。 1、主句与分句主语相同 1)_ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Lost B. As he was lost C. He lost D. A and B 2)._for the bus at the stop, he suddenly caught sight of a thief. A. Waiting B. When he was waiting C. As he was waiting D. all the above,D,D,2、主语不同：只能改写成独立主格结构（保留原主语）或with +复合宾语结构。,1.The soldier fell asleep _. A. with the candle burning B. burning the candle C. when he was burning the candle D. when he burning the candle,A,2._, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful. A. Being on B. When being on C. With all the lights on D. When it turns on all the lights,C,3._ the notice, he had an idea. A. When he was watching B. Watching C. When watching D. all the above 4._ the notice, an idea came to his mind. A. When he was watching B. Watching C. When watching D. all the above,D,A,