2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第5课时 锁定上下逻辑-攻克阅读“七选五”练习.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第5课时 锁定上下逻辑-攻克阅读“七选五”练习体裁：议论文话题：信任词数：296时间：8根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx新课标全国卷)Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._1_ Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately，weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore._2_ Its understandable，but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there._3_ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best oute would be for your wellbeing. _4_ If youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life._5_ Instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。信任是来源于人们以往经历的一种非天生行为。但有时它也会带来风险。当我们失去对别人的信任时，该如何重新获得呢？本文向前读者介绍了几点实用的做法。1.B本题考查综合分析能力。前句讲的是信任是人们从过去的经历中学来的一种行为。本空在此基础上做进一步的说明，即信任就是依赖某人。故答案选B。2.E本题考查联系上下文的能力。本段的主要内容是，人们由于遭受欺骗或受到误导等而倍感受伤，不能忍受此类事情再次发生，从而就不再相信任何人。E项中的they与前句中的people相对应，且与下句“Its understandable.”衔接自然，文意相通。故答案为E。3.A本题考查联系上下文的能力。后面一句是对空格的解释和说明。其中“Having confidence in yourself”与A项中的trust yourself意义相近。因此答案选A。4.C本题考查综合分析能力。通读本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛，你就成为客观环境的受害者，但作为一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。所选答案应当包含关键词victim。由此可知答案为C。5.G本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。本段的内容围绕主题句“You didnt lose everything.”展开。一旦失去了信任，就要将目光放在仍然拥有的一切上面，对生活中美好的人或事心存感激。通过这一次的经历，给谅解和自身的成长提供足够的空间才是正确的做法。因此答案为G。另外，空格之后的Instead一词对解答本题有明显的提示作用。Passage 2体裁：说明文话题：准备工作词数：180时间：6根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx新课标全国卷)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs._6_，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit._7_.As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day._8_，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._9_.After two weeks，start timing yourself._10_.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day，increase the distance by a half mileE.If they still feel good，you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time【语篇解读】这篇短文向读者介绍了马拉松训练之前要做的准备工作，包括跑鞋的挑选和注意事项，也给出了每日训练里程的建议。6. C本题考查综合分析能力。马拉松训练需要精心准备，且要按照循序渐进的原则增加跑步里程。而空格之后的购买鞋子的事宜也是准备工作的一部分，需要提前做好。故答案选C。7. E本题考查联系上下文的能力。由上句可知，找到合适的鞋子之后穿上几天，以确认一下是否合适。E项承接这一内容，若仍然感觉舒适，跑步时就可以穿上。8. A本题考查联系上下文的能力。由“to take a day off to rest”可知，在第一周时，要留出一天的休息时间。因此A项与语境相吻合。9. D本题考查综合分析能力。前文谈论的是跑步里程的问题，选项D与此相对应。关键词a half有助于锁定D项为正确答案。10. G本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。本段开始论述的是前两周的跑步里程，空格前面一句说的是时间问题，而选项G中的distance和time恰好与这两个话题相关联。因此答案为G。Passage 3体裁：说明文话题：做饭词数：261时间：6根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx新课标全国卷)Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money，and time._11_ Money is a topic Ill save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the ing week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？_12_2.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？_13_ It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3._14_ This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start._15_ and dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，就如何在紧张的时间里做一顿好饭给出了一些建议。11.B考查上下文衔接。作者在文章开头部分介绍了人们不太经常做饭的原因。有能力、时间和金钱等原因。然后空后面介绍了金钱和时间原因。只余下“能力”原因。故B项正确。12.G考查段落大意。根据本段开头“Think ahead”告诉人们提前计划，做好准备，这样做饭就不是件痛苦的事了。故G正确。13.C考查上下文衔接。本段讲到要让时间花得更值。空前说到“Are you making one loaf of bread？”空后说到“It takes around the same time.something.”所以空中应该是“要做三、四个”才能起到承上启下的作用。故C项正确。14.A考查段落主题句。本段中提到要多尝试新的菜谱和想法，这样做饭的能力就会提高，故A项正确。15.F考查上下文衔接。上文中作者提到了如何充分高效利用做饭时间，空后面又提到“不要因为紧张的时间安排而不能去享受生活”。所以空中应该是让做饭成为一种快乐而不是负担。故F正确。Passage 4体裁：说明文话题：健康评估词数：236时间：5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx北京卷)Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources._16_Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study._17_Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior“contributes to”or is“associated with”an oute；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result._18_ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your mon sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements._19_ Evaluate“scientific”statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)._20_ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A.Make choices that are right for you.B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.D.And examine the findings of the original research.E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from mon sources.【语篇解读】对健康信息作出正确的选择需要对其进行理性的评估。文章对此提出了一些合理的建议：第一，找到原始信息；第二，小心误导信息；第三，利用自己的常识；第四，作出适合自己的选择。拥有理性、独立评估自己健康问题的能力将会使人受益终生。16.G通过整体把握，可以发现文章是“总分总”的结构，第一段与最后一段是开头和总结，而中间的段落便是作者提出的建议。因此第一段末的句子应该起到统领下文各条建议的作用，故答案是G。17.D本段的关键词是the original source，作者建议要认真考虑研究的内容，并能检测判断这些内容是否科学，故此处答案是D，the original research同the original source相对应。18.F本段与misleading language“误导性的语言”相关，故答案是F，要知道作者也许会错误地传递信息，所以为了完全了解这些信息，要仔细阅读或者倾听。19.B空格前提到的advertisements和B选项中的an ad是对应的。20.A本段说朋友和家人可能也会提供很多的建议和想法，但是我们每个人都应该找到适合自己的，故与选项A表达的意思是相同的，即要做出适合自己的决定。题组二尝试模拟Passage 1体裁：说明文话题：培养自信心词数：295时间：6根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx山西四校联考)Raising Confident KidsSelfesteem (自尊) is a collection of beliefs or feelings we have about ourselves.Having a healthy selfesteem can protect us through difficult times and help us remain focused on what is important to us.Research shows that children with high selfesteem grow up to be more confident adults.Selfesteem building should start from young._1_Praise ActionsYoung children need feedback.Its how they measure their actions and it plays a role in learning from experience.Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process._2_Identify StrengthsPreschoolers are always watching each other.On the bright side，they learn new things from each other.On the other side，they can bee selfcritical when they see a peer acplishing something they still struggle to do._3_ Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw parisons.Foster (培养) a Sense of BelongingYoung children may not understand how peer pressure (同龄人的压力) works，but they feel it when theyre being excluded (排除).Show your children that they are important by listening to and responding to their needs and ideas as much as possible.Save grownup conversations for later so that you can have family conversations._4_5_As much as they need us，they also need to work on taking small steps toward independence.When they know they can do things，they feel more confident.Teach problemsolving skills.Step aside and let them work on challenges before jumping in to help.Help by asking “How can we do this in a different way? Lets e up with some ideas together.” Getting kids involved in problemsolving teaches them how to deal with challenges in the future.Building and maintaining healthy selfesteem can be a lifelong process，but the sooner you start，the more confident your children will bee.A.Encourage IndependenceB.Spend quality time with childrenC.Try to address their concerns as they arise，no matter how minor.D.If praise is only attached to success，kids will focus on “winning”.E.Be sure to point out your childrens strengths regularly and be specific.F.Below are some tips to help you promote your childrens selfesteem.G.Each parent has the responsibility to help children to bee confident.【语篇解读】研究表明自尊的孩子长大后更有可能成为有自信的成年人，文章给出了一些培养孩子自信心的建议。1.F上文引出Selfesteem building should start from young.下文开始讲建议，可知此处应填承上启下的句子：下面是可以提升孩子自信心的建议。F项符合要求。2.D根据上文Provide specific praise about actual actions performed and efforts made in the process.可知需选与“表扬”有关的选项；而且这句话强调的是过程中的行动和努力，不应只关注结果。其后的句子应解释为什么应关注过程。故选D项。句意：如果表扬只是因为最后成功这一结果，孩子们会专注于“成功”(这一结果)。3.E根据下文Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw parisons.可知选E项。句意：要确保经常指出孩子的优点，而且要明确。4.C根据上文Young children may not understand how peer pressure works，but they feel it when theyre being excluded.表示孩子开始遇到问题。下文应介绍应对方式，可知应选C项。句意：一旦发现他们有担心的事情，不管有多渺小都要尽力去解决。5.A所填内容为段落主旨句。根据下文As much as they need us，they also need to work on taking small steps toward independence.及全段内容可知选A项。句意：要鼓励孩子学会独立。Passage 2体裁：说明文话题：准备演讲词数：270时间：5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx北京第四十四中学一模) How to Prepare a LectureBeing invited to give a lecture is an honor.It means that people regard you as an authority on a given field，subject，or issue.It means you are worth listening to._6_ You have to make sure your lecture is interesting，and full of wisdom，from which the audience can take valuable insights.This is why it is important for you to prepare your lecture well.1.Think of a good topic.You most likely will be assigned to talk about a certain topic.If thats the case，you only need to make an outline and do some research.But in some cases，you will have to think of your own topic.Although it gives you more freedom to do it，thinking of a topic can be tricky._7_ or pick a topic that is timely and socially relevant.2.Make an outline for the lecture.Start by listing down the points that you will discuss，and then fill in each point with subpoints.If necessary，make a research about your topic._8_ But if in doing so you end up with a very long outline，figure how you can shorten the topic or cut where cutting is needed.3._9_Statistics，figures，medical information，historical accounts，and similar information should all be checked and it will save your credibility as an authority on the subject you are talking about.4.Add humor.Dont engage your audience in a dragging soliloquy (独白)._10_ Humor will interest your audience.Of course，make sure the elements in your lecture are in line with your main topic and are not nonsense，racial，and offensive jokes.A.Check your lecture for accuracy.B.Giving a lecture is challenging，though.C.If necessary，provide your contact information，such as an email address or blog site.D.Instead，make your audience smile，or burst into laughter at certain points in your discussion.E.To make it easier，consider what will interest your audience.F.It should summarize your whole talk in one sentence.G.Dont be afraid of exploring the topic，as this will allow you to discover other points that need discussion.【语篇解读】如何准备一个演讲？被邀请来演讲是一种荣誉。你必须确保你的演讲很有趣，充满智慧，听众从中可以获取有价值的见解。因此，准备好你的演讲很重要。6.B根据后面提到的你必须确保你的演讲很有趣，充满智慧，观众从中可以获取有价值的见解可知，选B项(但是，演讲是具有挑战性的)。7.E根据本段的中心思想选择一个好的话题和设空处后的选择一个适时的和社会有关的话题可知，选E项(说得再简单些，就是考虑什么会吸引你的观众)。8.G设空处前面提到：如果有必要，可以做一些有关你的主题的研究，与G项(不害怕探索主题，因为这会让你发现其他需要讨论的要点)意思相近。9.A设空处后面的内容讲到：统计、数据、医疗信息、历史记载以及类似的信息，都应该被检查所以本段的中心是检查你的演讲的准确性，与A项相符。10.D根据本段的中心内容是增加幽默的成分可知选D项(相反，让你的讨论中的某一点使你的观众发笑或大笑)。Passage 3体裁：说明文话题：生日免费就餐词数：217时间：5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx辽宁沈阳市高三一模)Many people like to eat at a favorite restaurant on their birthday._11_ Here are the tips about how to eat for free on your birthday.Notice promotional (促销的) cards or signs at restaurants for their eclub or online notification of special offers.Sometimes it is called a birthday club.In some cases they ask for your email address and at other times，you register online from your own puter._12_If you dont know whether your favorite restaurant has an eclub，look it up online.Just search the name if its a chain.Look over the webpage for anything that says SIGN UP or JOIN.It may be called an e-club.You will receive email advertisements from it._13_ If it asks for birthday and anniversary dates when you sign up，then the restaurant usually will send you a personal coupon and invitation for that event.Check your email the week leading up to your birthday.All the eclubs that you signed up for will be sending their invitations.Read the fine print on all the offers before deciding where to eat on your birthday.Some are only on the exact date._14_ There may be other requirements，like free dessert when you buy an entree (主菜).Choose the most inviting offer for over several days，and take advantage of free dining opportunities._15_A.Anyway，look around for these offers and get signed up.B.However，others may be for any time over a twoweek period.C.But how can we eat better in a free restaurant?D.It would be an even greater treat if the meal or part of the meal were free.E.Why not celebrate your birthday for a whole week，not just one day?F.Often the advertisements will include discount coupons(优惠券).G.So dont go to such restaurants.【语篇解读】文章介绍许多人在他们的生日时喜欢去餐馆吃饭，本文就怎样在过生日时免费就餐给出了一些建议。11.D结合上句Many people like to eat at a favorite restaurant on their birthday.和下一句内容可判断出空格处的内容应为“如果有免费的就更好了”，选D项。12.A根据上句句意可以推断出作者推荐随时关注餐厅提供的优惠并在网上早点报名。故选A项。13.F根据上句中的关键词advertisements(广告)，设空处的内容应与其相关，由此可推断出选F项(广告经常有打折的优惠券)。14.B根据上句Some are only on the exact date.与设空处应为转折关系，故选B项。15.E根据上句Choose the most inviting offer for over several days，and take advantage of free dining opportunities.再结合why not句型表建议可推断出选E项(为什么不用一周庆祝生日而是一天呢？)。Passage 4体裁：说明文话题：天线宝宝词数：325时间：7根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(xx北京朝阳二模)TeletubbiesTeletubbies is a very popular show featuring interesting and fun characters that keep children absorbed._16_Moreover，they are unique in their great contribution to preschoolers formal school readiness.The program fits well into the style of broadcasting that airs on PBS (Public Broadcasting Service)，which is nonprofit TV promoting high quality，educational programs without mercial interruption.A pany by the name of Ragdoll Productions in the United Kingdom developed the Teletubbies figures and their stories.Teletubbies producers，Anne Wood and Andrew Davenport，conducted extensive research to guarantee the effectiveness of their production as a teaching tool._17_ The conclusions they reached were put very well into words by Ms.Wood when she said，“I want children to smile.If they are smiling，they will be relaxed.If they are relaxed，they will be confident.If they are confident，they will dare to be curious.If they are curious，they will grow in understanding.” _18_ Young children over the world are privileged to enjoy the benefits，for since 1992 the program has been sold to 92 broadcasters in 70 countries.What exactly，though，makes Teletubbies so visibly and emotionally inviting to young children? The answer is that they are pletely designed from their point of view，being plump (fat and rounded in a pleasant way) and innocentfaced，as well as playful，warm，and funny._19_ Imagine a land that is part technological and part nursery rhyme.Their home is Tubbytronic Superdome，and they eat Tubby Toast and Custard.A windmill blows in wonderful surprises among rolling hills，talking flowers，and a smiling sun._20_ Teletubbies love each other very much；Teletubbies love to dance and sing；Teletubbies love their favorite things and interacting with their surroundings.These messages，conveyed in very basic，repetitive language，invite interaction with children，helping kids aged one through four expand the skills they need to watch and listen at the same time，which is key to the development of a childs thinking abilities.A.They live in a fascinating world that is brilliant and magical.B.They interviewed young children，linguists，and nursery school teachers.C.Lots of Teletubbies toys，books and DVDs are available to keep children entertained.D.Although the program aims at children aged one to four，it appeals to older generations.E.More importantly，the characters municate very special，elementary ideas to the children.F.Like other cartoon creatures，Teletubbies are colorful both in physical appearance and personality.G.Much creative energy and innovation were channeled into each one of the 365 shows thats been broadcast.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了电视节目天线宝宝及天线宝宝们的情况。16.F根据下文的Moreover.可知此处应该介绍说明天线宝宝的基本特点。17.B根据上文的.conducted extensive research to guarantee t