2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（5）(VI).doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（5）(VI)社会文化（阅读理解）由 (xx重庆,C)改编There is no better way to enjoy Scottish traditions than going fishing and tasting a little bit of whisky (威士忌)at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle.When Queen Victoria visited the castle in 1873 she wrote in her diary,“I never saw a lovelier spot.” And she didnt even go fishing.Scotland is not easily defined.In certain moments,this quiet land of lakes and grasses and mountains changes before your very eyes.When evening gently sweeps the hillside into orange light,the rivers,teeming with fish,can turn into streams of gold.As you settle down with just a fishing pole and a basket on the bank of River Orchy,near the Inverlochy Castle,any frustration (烦恼) will float away as gently as the circling water.Its just you and purple,pink,white flowers,seeking a perfect harmony.If you are a new er to fishing,learning the basics from a fishing guide may leave you with a lifetimes fun.For many,fishing is more than a sport;it is an art.Scotland offers interesting places where you can rest after a long days fishing.Set against a wild mountain and hidden behind woodland,the beautiful Inverlochy Castle Hotel below the Nevis is a perfect place to see the beauty of Scotlands mountains.Ben Nevis is the highest of all British mountains,and reaching its 1343-metre top is a challenge.But its not just what goes up that matters; what es down is unique.More than 900 metres high,on the mountains north face,lies an all-important source of pure water.Its name es from the Gaelic language “usquebaugh”or “water of life”;and it is the single most important ingredient (原料) in Scotlands best known drink:whisky.1.The story of Queen Victoria is to show that .A.the Queen is rich in tour experienceB.the Castle is a good place to go in ScotlandC.tasting whisky is better than going fishingD.1873 is a special year for the Queen2.How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?()A.By giving descriptions.B.By following time order.C.By analyzing causes.D.By making parisons.3.What is Ben Nevis special for?()A.The Inverlochy Castle Hotel.B.The beauty of its surroundings.C.The water from the mountain.D.The challenge up to its top.4.What is the main purpose of the passage?()A.To introduce Scottish traditions to tourists.B.To show the attractions of Scotland to readers.C.To explore geographical characteristics of Scotland.D.To describe the pleasures of life in Scotland.语篇解读:苏格兰是一个好地方,是一个著名的旅游胜地,漂亮的城堡、美丽的河流等令人流连忘返。本文对此作了介绍。答案及剖析:1.B推理判断题。作者在第一段用女王的评价“I never saw a lovelier spot.”是为了说明苏格兰的这座城堡Inverlochy Castle是一个值得去的好地方。2.A事实细节题。第二段作者分别描绘了几个场景:静静的湖泊,草地和山脉交互转换,落日余晖下金色的山坡和溪流,鲜花相伴在河边垂钓。故答案为A。3.C事实细节题。根据文章最后一段中的“what es down is unique”可知,从山上流下的东西(当然是后文中说到的)pure water是独特的,因为“.it is the single most important ingredient (原料) in Scotlands best known drink:whisky.”故C项与此内容相符。4.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章旨在向读者展示苏格兰的几个旅游景点(the Inverlochy Castle,River Orchy,Ben Nevis等)。【长难句子分析】 在山的北面,九百多米的高处,是非常重要的纯净水源。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。In presentday China，we can find two types of fast foodwestern food and Chinese food.However，not until the recent decade has western fast food bee popular in China.Before the first hamburger walked its way into the Chinese food market，we had little idea about such terms as hot dogs，pizza，potato chips，let alone KFC and McDonalds.It is the reform and openingup policy that has brought about the interflow of the food culture between China and the western countries.Fast food，both Chinese food and western food，has several advantages.In the first place，fast food，as is characterized by its name，is fast.The food is always ready and fresh，waiting for its customers.This saves peoples precious time，and consequently goes well with the tempo of life in modern society.Secondly，it is very convenient.As we know，fast food restaurants are much the same as cafeterias.Customers may feel free to help themselves to any variety provided and eat to their hearts content.Thirdly，fast food restaurants are environmentally fortable.Clean dishes，shiny tables，decent service and light music all stimulate peoples appetite to eat more.The above mentioned advantages make fast food bee rooted in almost all parts of the country and enjoy popularity among people.Thats also why nowadays Singapore fast food，Turkish fast food and IndiaPakistan fast food have found their homes in China.As every coin has two sides，fast food also has its disadvantages such as lack of nutrition and dull taste.Nevertheless，these are minor points pared with its advantages.Since most people agree with fast food，it tends to grow more rapidly.1Whats the best title for this passage？.AThe Road to the Western Fast FoodBThe Growth of Fast Food in ChinaCSingapore Fast Food in ChinaDEvery Coin Has Two Sides答案：B从第一段中国人一开始对快餐了解较少，后来西方的肯德基、麦当劳进入中国，直到倒数第二段新加坡等国的快餐进入中国，看出该文是叙述快餐在中国的发展。2Which of the following statements is NOT true?AAll the fast food is cooked hot.BFast food is worth its name.CFast food is ready for pupils.DFast food is especially convenient for those going to offices.答案：AA项所述太片面，并不是所有的快餐都是煮热，也有凉的。3The sentence“Customers may feel free to help themselves to any variety provided and eat to their hearts content”means“Customers may_”Aonly have fast food at the restaurants beside the schoolsBhave to run to the fast food restaurantsCeat whatever they like in the restaurantDhave meals according to the boss order答案：C根据本段第二句，可以看出顾客可以自由地选择他们喜欢的食物。variety“多样化”，to their hearts content“符合他们心意的”。4What do the words“environmentally fortable”mean?AIt will help keep the babies healthy.BIt will help fight against disease.CIt will help form good habits.DIts a pleasure for a customer to have fast food in the restaurant.答案：D从本段看出，快餐店是干净，明亮，服务周到，伴有轻音乐，在这里吃饭是一种享受。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patientto speed recovery or to cover the ing of death？In medicine as in law，government，and other lines of work，the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed (变矮小)by greater needs：the need to protect form brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy；to advance the public interest.What should doctors say，for example，to a 46yearold man ing in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who，though he feels in perfect health，is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months？Is it best to tell him the truth？If he asks，should the doctors reject that he is ill，or minimize the gravity of the illness？Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors face such choices often.At times，they see important reasons to lie for the patients own sake；in their eyes，such lies sharply form selfserving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition，and that informing them risks destroying their hope，so that they may recover more slowly，or deteriorate (恶化)faster，perhaps even mit suicide (自杀)But other studies show that，contrary to the belief of many physicians；a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth，even about serious illness，and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled.We are also learning that truthful information，humanely conveyed (传达)，helps patients cope with illness：help them tolerate pain better，need less medicine，and even recover faster after surgery.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.Not only in medicine，but in other profession as well，practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences (后果)seem avoidable only through deception(欺骗)Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception，for such practices are peculiarly likely to bee deeply rooted，to spread，and to trust.Neither in medicine，nor in law，government，or the social sciences can there be fort in the old saying，“What you dont know cant hurt you.”1According to the authors opinion，lies _.Acan benefit the patientsBcan help the patients to recoveryCcan do nothing to the patients illnessDcan not benefit the patients答案：A细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段最后几句可得知答案。2Which of the following statements is NOT true?AMost of the doctors believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition.BThe truthful information helps patients to deal with their illness.CThere is a need to discuss whether to lie to the patients.DIt is true that“What you dont know cant hurt you.”答案：D细节理解题。文章最后，作者认为“What you dont know cant hurt you.”这一说法不对。3What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AThere is an urgent need to debate this issue openly.BNeither in medicine，nor in law，government，the social sciences can there be fort in the old saying.“What you dont know cant hurt you.”CThe public has every reason to be aware of professional deception.DWe need to discuss this issue in medicine，but not in other professions.答案：A主旨归纳题。第一句就是本段的主题句。4What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?ADeception is beneficial to patients.BWhether patients should be told the truth of their illness.CWhether patients really want to know the truth of their illness.DWho benefits from deception.答案：B主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，作者针对医生对病人隐瞒病情这一做法提出质疑：病人应不应该了解真相？了解真相对他们有没有好处？阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。When Frida Kahlos paintings were on show in London，a poet described her paintings as“ a ribbon (丝带)around a bomb”Such ments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.Sadly，she is actually a much_bigger_name today than she was during her time.Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City ，Kahlo suffered from polio(小儿麻痹症)at the age of seven.Her spine (脊柱)became bent as she grew older.Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a schoolbus accident.Throughout the rest of her life，the artist had many operations，but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.However，the accident had an unexpected side effect.While lying in her bed recovering，Kahlo taught herself to paint.In 1929，she got married to Diego Rivera，another famous Mexican artist.Riveras strong influences on Kahlos style can be seen in her early works，but her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband.Unfortunately，her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s，even in her home country.Her first onewoman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954，Kahlos works remained largely unnoticed by the world，but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.弗里达卡洛是一位画家，她的作品还有艺术影响力，但是她的名气在现在比她当时的时代要大得多。1What does the phrase“a much bigger name”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?Aa far better artistBa far more gifted artist Ca much stronger personDa much more famous person答案：D词义理解题。说句话说道卡洛对她那时期的世界艺术有很大的影响，故此处的“a much bigger name”是指她的影响力或者名声。2The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by _.ApolioBher bent spineCback injuriesDthe operations she had答案： C细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Then，in 1925，her back was broken in several places in a schoolbus accident.”以及第三句的“but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back”可知答案。3Kahlos style had bee increasingly independent since the _.A1930s B1940sC1950s D1970s答案：B细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句“her later works from the 1940s，known today as her best works，show less influence from her husband”可知，从1940s她的作品才渐渐独立。4. What is authors attitude toward Kahlo?ADevotion. BSympathy.CWorry. DEncouragement.答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段的“sadly”和最后一段的“unfortunately”可知作者对卡洛持同情的态度。