2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book1 unit1 friendship 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book1 unit1 friendship 新人教版重点识记词汇1.on purpose故意2.face to face面对面地3at dusk在黄昏时刻 4.join in 参加；加入5fall in love 相爱；爱上 6.go through经历；经受7get/be tired of对厌烦 8.set down记下；放下；登记9get along with 与相处；进展 10.a series of一连串的；一系列；一套11no longer/not.any longer不再 12.grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的13pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n小包；包裹14power n能力；力量；权力powerful adj.有权势的15suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffering n痛苦；折磨16recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得recovery n痊愈17exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地exact adj.精确的18disagree vi.不同意disagreement n不同意agree vi.(反义词)同意19outdoors adv.在户外；在野外indoors adv.在屋内20entire adj.整个的；完全的entirely adv.完全地；整个地21dislike n& vt.厌恶like n& vt.(反义词)喜欢22loneliness n孤单；寂寞lonely adj.孤独的23add up合计add up to 总共有add to增加add.to.把加到里24upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset，upset) 使不安；使心烦25calm vt.& vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm (.) down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来26ignore vt.不理睬；忽视ignorance n愚昧ignorant adj.无知的；粗鲁的27concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系concerned adj.担忧的concerning prep.关于28settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使安居；安排；解决settled adj.稳定的；舒适自在的settlement n安居；定居必背经典句式1.but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.但是你的朋友直到把自行车擦干净他(她)才能走。2While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候，不小心把狗松开了，结果狗被车撞了。3I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。4.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚5She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered.她和家人躲藏了两年，后来被发现了。6Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。构词记忆arise /raIz/ vi.(arose，arisen)发生；出现；产生；起来；站起asleep /slip/ adj.常作表语睡着的；睡熟的awake /weIk/ vt.叫醒；唤起 vi.醒来 adj.作表语或补语醒着的；警觉的1多词一义ignore，take no notice of，leave outignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道out of/through ignorance出于无知ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的be ignorant of不知道Whats worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.更糟的是，他们随地吐痰，甚至把垃圾扔到湖里，完全忽视了附近“禁止扔垃圾”的警告牌。(福建书面表达)夯实基础用ignore的适当形式填空(1)They fought a long battle against prejudice and ignorance.(2)He felt himself very ignorant.(3)Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head，but I tried to ignore the pain，believing that it would go away sooner or later.(4)Ignoring the past means plete betrayal.2concern v.影响(affect)；涉及(involve)，与有关(be connected with)；让(某人)担忧(be worried about)；n.担心，忧虑；关心应试指导过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别concerned adj.(作表语或前置定语)担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的；(后置定语)有关的，涉及的；参与的as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言be concerned about/for (concern oneself about/for)对担心/关心be concerned with sb./sth.(concern oneself with sb./sth.)与有关concerning prep.关于It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。(福建书面表达)Instead，it is a major issue of right and wrong that concerns aggression versus antiaggression，justice versus evil，and light versus darkness.相反，它是关乎侵略与反侵略、正义与邪恶、光明与黑暗的大是大非问题。夯实基础用concern的适当形式填空(1)Concerning the tollfree policy on the express way，what concerns us most is the traffic jams while some are concerned about/for the safety.(2)Concerned about the student，the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.3应试指导在谚语中的应用e to/into power掌权；上台in ones power在某人的掌控中do all/everything in ones powerdo ones best尽力而为；竭尽全力As a saying goes，knowledge is power.俗话说，知识就是力量。She is said to have the power of foreseeing the future.据说她有预测未来的能力。She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。夯实基础(1)语法填空The President is the most powerful(power) man in America.They have invented a new car，which is powered(power) by solar batteries.(2)He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有what从句的复合句)He told her that he would do his best to prove that he was the man for her.(用do ones best改写句子)4suffer v(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨(to be badly affected)；遭受，经受(experience)；得病suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难suffer from受折磨；患病suffering n.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事On the other hand，they also suffer from less respect and lower pay，working all day on the street whether it shines strongly or snows，winds heavily.另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。(广东读写任务)This act hurt the people of all countries that once suffered from Japanese aggression and colonial rule.这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的各国人民感情的伤害。特别提醒suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。夯实基础(1)语法填空He has suffered from the lung cancer for many years.The sufferer(suffer) has decided to give up smoking.Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering(suffer) water shortages and millions of others affected(affect)(2)Having suffered from the lung cancer for many years，the sufferer has decided to give up smoking. (用非谓语动词短语作状语连接上题两句)5应试指导add非谓语动词作定语或状语的考查add up to加起来达到，总计为；总的来讲；等于说add to增添add.to.把加到里in addition除此之外，另外in addition to除之外additional(ly)附加的(地)，另外的(地)The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。“Chinas space program will not stop at the moon，” added Sun Huixian，a senior Chinese space official. “Our target is deep space.”一位中国资深太空官员孙辉先补充说：“中国的太空项目不会止步于月球，中国的目标是外太空。”图解助记夯实基础用add的适当形式填空(1)Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(2)Five added to four makes nine.(3)We need some additional information.(4)Additionally，some puters are needed badly.(5)He left，adding that safety is first.6go through经历，经受(experience)；仔细查看(go over)；(法律等)通过；用完(use up)；浏览(look through)应试指导“动词介词(副词)”类语境词义辨析get through通过；接通电话；花费look through浏览；往里面看break through冲破；突破see through看穿；识破pull through康复；渡过难关North Korea most resembles Stalins Russia or Maos China going through the horrors of the cultural revolution.朝鲜就像是斯大林领导下的苏联或者毛泽东领导下的文化大革命时期的中国。She was able to get through to me by email.她通过电子邮件能和我联系上。夯实基础用v.through的相关短语填空(1)They will never forget the experience they went through last year.(2)Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not.(3)We finally broke through the unfriendly atmosphere.(4)He gets through at least 500 every weekend.7多词一义set down，write down，put down，note down，take downset aside留出；置于一边set off动身；引爆；引起set about (doing) sth.着手(做)set out (to do.)开始；着手(做)set up竖立；建立；张贴set an example树立榜样be set in以为背景I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour.我想知道学校是否能在周围多设几个垃圾箱并制订特别的规则反对这种行为。(浙江书面表达)She has set a good example to us.她为我们树立了一个好榜样。(浙江书面表达)夯实基础(1)完成句子He set down(记下) a series of numbers.He set out to open/set about opening(开始打开) the door of the space lab.(2)根据要求将上题、合并成一个句子He set down a series of numbers before he set out to open/set about opening the door of the space lab.(用before连接两个句子)Having set down a series of numbers，he set out to open/set about opening the door of the space lab.(用非谓语动词作状语连接两个句子)8应试指导“动词副词介词”类语境词义辨析get about/(a)round传播；流传；四处走动get across讲清楚；被领会get down to开始认真做get over克服；控制；恢复过来Besides，Im easy to get along with and I like to make friends.而且，我容易相处，也喜欢交朋友。(辽宁书面表达)夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空(1)News soon got around that he had resigned.(2)No matter how I explain，I just cant get it across to her.(3)They got over many difficulties in their English study.(4)How are you getting along with your study?Quite well.I got an “A” in a maths exam.1I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分(若被强调的是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一律用that)。另外要注意：原句的谓语动词不能被强调。(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/was itthat.?(4)对not.until.句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。In a word，it is polite words that will make your life bee convenient.总之，礼貌用语会使你的生活更方便。(江西书面表达)It was not until the area was seriously polluted that they realized that it was high time to take action to stop pollution.直到这个地方被严重污染了他们才认识到该采取行动阻止污染了。夯实基础(1)Its not doing the things we like，but liking the things we have to do that makes life happy.(语法填空)(2)用强调句型强调下列句中的划线部分I didnt leave until he came.It was not until he came that I left.Who does this place belong to?Who is it that this place belongs to?I wonder what you were doing at this time yesterday.I wonder what it was that you were doing at this time yesterday.He came to see us yesterday.It was yesterday that he came to see us.2have difficulty/trouble (in) doing.做有困难(麻烦)have difficulty/trouble with sth.有困难(麻烦)There is some/no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做时有一些/没有困难do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble做有/没有困难take trouble to do.费力做take the trouble to do sth.不怕费事/不辞辛劳地做某事I have some trouble with the work.我做这项工作有些困难。夯实基础(1)Sorry Im so late，but you cannot imagine what great trouble I took to e here.(语法填空)(2)I had no trouble finding your home.I found your home without trouble/difficulty.(用without短语改写句子)There was no trouble/difficulty (in) finding your home.(用there be句型改写句子)3单元语法把下列直接引语变为间接引语(1)He said，“Im going to Beijing.”He said that he was going to Beijing.(2)He asked，“Are you a teacher？”He asked me if/whether I was a teacher.(3)The geography teacher said，“The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.(4)She says，“Ill never forget the days in the country.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.(5)He said to me，“Whats your name？” He asked me what my name was.高考题组.短文改错(xx新课标全国)Nearly five years before，and with the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden.Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result，the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!答案Nearly five years ，and with the help our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden.Since thenfor all these we been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result，the plants are growing .The fruits are small in size，but juicy and .There are so that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but或 we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing tomatoes at no cost!.写作常用句翻译1我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(suffer)(xx江苏书面表达)Our earth is suffering severe damage.2在我的细心照料下，母亲很快就康复了。(recover)(xx北京情景作文)With my special care，my mother recovered quickly.3为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在4月10号组织了爬山活动。(in order to)(xx江西书面表达)In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise，our school organized a mountainclimbing on April 10.4另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。(calm)(xx北京开放作文)The black pencil，on the other hand，remains calm.5就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。(concern)(xx江西写作)As far as Im concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.6是小组合作而不是靠我自己使我摆脱了烦恼并使我的工作更有成效。(强调句)(xx湖北短文写作)It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient.模拟题组.语法填空1Whats the matter with her?She is really upset over not finding(find) a job.2It always takes the class a while to settle down at the start of the class.3The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.4Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but recovered(recover) slightly in the afternoon.5You all like your English teacher?Yeah，she devotes herself entirely(entire) to teaching and it earns her a good reputation.6The money he spent within a month added up to more than 1,000 dollars.7Its love and responsibility that have driven him to go(go) through many hardships and survive.8Why！I have nothing to confess.What is it that you want me to say?9Film has a much shorter history，especially when pared(pare) to such art forms as music and painting.10When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble thinking(think) of the right things to say.单句改错1Many young men disagree their parents on most things because of generation gap.disagree后加上with 2He did it by purpose，knowing it would annoy her.byon3She will never forget the unhappy time she has gone recently.gone后加上through 4We all like Tom, who is easy to get along.along 后加上with5It is said that they have fallen in love with each other for two years.fallenbeen 6Would you please e and join our game？join后加上in7. There was a time that when girls couldnt go to school.去掉that8The exhibition hall, added many times，became the second largest in the world and could hold 100,000 people at a time.added后加上to9Is this reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？this和reason之间加上the10Broadly speaking，I would agree with Shirley，though not entire.entireentirely.写作句式升级训练The important thing is to learn to control your temper in order not to do or say anything youll regret.(素材来源于xx安徽书面表达)(1)The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.(用so that改写句子)(2)What is the most important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.(用what主语从句改写句子)