2019-2020年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列专题01Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读含解析必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列专题01Unit1-Unit2高频词汇分类解读含解析必修根据中等生基础知识不牢固的特点，将基础知识以2-3个单元为一讲，突出常考单词的背诵和用法区别。由于单选题退出大部分省份的英语试卷，所以这部分重点强调学练结合。集中识记常考的完形填空词汇；常考的阅读中出现的词汇；常考的书面表达中的句型。完形词汇重在词语的详细意思和词汇辨析；阅读词汇重在记住词义即可，但数量要大；书面表达句型重在在句子中背诵，力争背过的句子在话题中有高频的出现几率。这样可以大面积、迅速地提高成绩。聚焦少而精的知识，直接对接高考。练习重在做到有的放矢，基础练习以单词拼写、单词填空或短文填空为主。能力提升一定要由浅入深，让他们有成就感，迅速进入状态。句型复习采用翻译句子+背诵范文的方法。词汇基础知识狂背：I.常考的完形填空词汇及短语：（注意它们在完形中出现的几率极高，完形30分志在必得，现在开始狂背。）（1）词汇1.ignorev不顾，不理，忽视Tom is always saying Im ugly，MomJust ignore himYou are the most beautiful in my eyes汤姆总是说我很丑，妈妈。不管他，你在我眼中是最漂亮的。（多好的句子啊，背过吧！）2.concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n关注；担心；(利害)关系He is always concerned about the people around him. 他总是很关心周围的人。He asked several questions concerning the future of the pany. 他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。3.exactlyadv.确切地，精确地；恰好地，正好地；(用于答语)一点儿不错，确实如此Tell me exactly where she lives. 告诉我她的确切住址。Thats exactly what I expected. 那正是我所期待的。4.settle vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决They settled their quarrel in a friendly way. 他们友好地解决了他们的争端。5.advicenU忠告；劝告；建议He gave me some advice. 他给了我一些建议。I advise you to start at once.我建议你立刻出发。6.basevt.以为起点，以为根据n基部；基础；基地，地基This story is based on facts.这故事是有事实根据的。The pany is based in Shanghai.该公司总部设在上海。7mandn&vt.命令；指令；掌握He manded his men to go out.他命令手下出去。He manded that we (should) e at once.他命令我们立刻来。8.requestn& vt.请求；要求She made a request for some water.她请求给她点水。at ones request/at the request of sb 应某人的请求request sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 request that(should) do 请求9.recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认I dont recognize this word.What does it mean?我不认识这个单词。它是什么意思？recognize ones voice/handwriting/sb辨别出某人的声音/笔迹/某人【即学即练】单句填空1. Naturally, we were all _(concern)about him when we heard of the accident. 2. Recently, we have been _(tire) of the same old breakfast day after day. 3. He had pletely _(ignore) her remarks, preferring his own theory. 4. _(base) on this report, the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this continent.5. It was not until I walked close to the girl in front of me that I _(recognize) her.【答案】1. concerned 2. tired 3. ignored4. Based5. Recognized（2）短语1. It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是It upset her that he had left without saying goodbye. 他的不辞而别让她心情沮丧。【易混易错】upset的过去式和过去分词是：upset2.be concerned about/over/for 关心，挂念Our workmate has been in danger. Were all concerned about his health.我们的工友有危险，我们都关心他的健康。3.as/so far as. be concerned 就而言No news is good news as far as I am concerned. 我觉得没有消息就是好消息。4.suffer from 受折磨，受之苦；患疾病Hes suffering from a bad cold.他正患重感冒。5.be/get/grow crazy about对狂热/痴迷Young people in Britain are crazy about Harry Potter.英国的年轻人对哈利波特的喜爱近乎狂热。be crazy to do sth做某事是疯狂的You are crazy to buy a car at such a high price. It is crazy of you to buy a car at such a high price. 这么高的价格买辆车你疯了。6. on purposepurposely故意(地)Im sorry. Im not on purpose.抱歉，我不是故意的。Maybe he does this on purpose.也许他是故意这么做的。7.face to face面对面地We finally stood face to face. 我们终于面对面地站在了一起。During the storm I came face to face with death. 在暴风雨中我与死神只有一步之遥。8.get/be tired of对厌烦，厌倦 Im tired of this boring life. 我受够了这种枯燥的生活。 9.join in参加，加入join in (doing) sth 加入某人（做）某事I asked John to join me in my walking.我邀请约翰和我一起散步。10 because of因为，由于She was angry because of what he said.因为他说的话她生气了。 John didnt attend the meeting because of his illness.John didnt attend the meeting because he was ill.约翰没有出席会议是因为他病了。11e up走近；上来；提出；破土而出，发芽；出现Your question came up at the meeting. 你的问题在会议上被提出来了。Ill let you know if anything es up. 如果有任何事情发生，我会告诉你的。12even ifWell make a trip even if/though its bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。Even if (Im) invited, I will not attend his wedding. 即使被邀请，我也不去参加他的婚礼。13such as例如；像这种的He can speak several languages, such as English and Japanese. 他能说几种语言，如英语和日语。【即学即练】语法填空1. We were _(suffer) from a lack of balance between knowledge and wisdom. 2. More employees resign because _ a relationship conflict.3. He kept yawning (打哈欠) in class this morning. That is _ he stayed up late doing his homework last night.4. Chinas import of American agricultural produce, _ soybean, wheat and cotton in large quantities provides a huge market for American farmers.5. It seems that people are going to have problems finding a job _ they get A levels at school.【答案】1. suffering 2. Of 3. because 4. such as 5. even if（3）易混易错点拨1. calm/quiet/still/silent这几个词都与“静”有关，但它们所描述的物体、场合是不同的。(1)calm常指“天气平静，无风；海无浪；镇定，无忧虑；镇定自若”，强调外表的平静。(2)quiet表示“静止的；宁静的；不激动，没有烦恼、忧虑的”，强调没有干扰，没有兴奋活动或闹声的“宁静”或“心神安逸”。(3)still表示“静止不动的/地”“平静的/地”，突出不发出动作。(4)silent表示“声音极小的，沉默的，寡言的”。(1)Ask the children to make less noise and keep _.(2)Although she was frightened, she answered in a _ voice.(3)John is a _， thoughtful boy.(4)Please stand _ while I am ready to take the photograph.Quiet calm silent still2. power/right/strength/force/energy(1)power主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或发挥出来的力量，还可指职权、权力或政权。(2)right指“权利”。(3)strength指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”，说物时，指“强度”。(4)force主要指自然界的力量；暴力、势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量；军事力量等。(5)energy主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。(1)Youll need to apply all your _ to this job.(2)You have no _ to treat me like this.(3)Congress has _ to declare war.(4)The _ of the explosion broke all the windows.(5)A washing machine is a saver of time and _.Energy right power force strength3. join in/take part in/attend/join(1)join in指参加正在进行着的活动，如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。也可用 join sb. in doing sth.。(2)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要加不定冠词。(3)attend正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、上课、上学、听报告等，重在强调“参与”的动作，不强调参加者的作用。(4)join指参加某组织或团体，并成为其一员。其宾语往往是 the army/Party/team/club/sb.。(1)Would you _ us _ the game?(2)All the students _ school activities.(3)There are many people _ the meeting.(4)My brother _ the army last year.Join in took an active part in attending joined4. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解。(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room.Realize known recognized5. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese, maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking, _， destroys many nutrients.(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.that is for example such as and so onII.常考的阅读理解词汇及短语：（它们在阅读中出现的几率极高，阅读40分志在必得，现在开始狂背哟。）Unit 1have got to 不得不；必须loose adj. 松的；松开的outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣n雷；雷声entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地power n. 能力；力量；权力curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty adj. 积满灰尘的partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人loneliness n. 孤单；寂寞highway n. 公路；大路recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱teenager n. 十几岁的青少年disagree vi. 不同意grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的dislike n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒secondly adv. 第二；其次swap vt. 交换Unit 2elevator n. 电梯；升降机petrol n. 汽油（=gasoline）official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的voyage n. 航行；航海native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人apartment n. 公寓住宅；单元住宅actually adv. 实际上；事实上gradual adj. 逐渐的；逐步的gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表spelling n. 拼写；拼法latter adj. 较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的identity n. 本身；本体；身份fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的frequently adv. 常常；频繁地expression n. 词语；表示；表达midwestern adj. 中西部的有中西部特性的eastern adj. 东方的；东部的southeastern adj. 东南方的；来自东南的northwestern adj. 西北方的；来自西北的lorry n. 卡车（=truck）lightning n. 闪电block n. 街区；块；木块；石块cab n. 出租车III.重点句型背诵1.when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。When (I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.我边等待，边看报纸。She went on working though (she was) exhausted.尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。I wont go unless (Im) invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去。2.should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldnt have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。You shouldnt have told him about it.你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。拓展：其他“情态动词havedone”结构：(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定”。(2)cant/couldnt have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能”。(3)neednt have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做”。(4)ought (not) to have doneshould (not) have done(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了”。(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做”。(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做”。3It is/was the first time(that).这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。This is the fourth time shes rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。It will be the second time that I have got the prize.那将是我第二次获得该奖。提示：(1) It is the first time that.后接现在完成时；It was the first time that.后接过去完成时；It will be the first time that.后接现在完成时。(2)the first time可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。(3)for the first time意为“第一次”，单独用做状语。He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。4. “withn.形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺着，眼瞅着天空。With his homework done, he went out to play.完成作业，他就出去玩了。With the guide to lead us, well have no difficulty finding his house.有导游带路，我们将不费力地找到他家。He came in, with a book in his hand.他手里拿着一本书走了进来。He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已经习惯了开着窗户睡觉。He often sleeps with the light on.他经常开着灯睡觉。能力提升测一测I.单词拼写1The snow is very _(疏松) and there is a lot of air in it.2His life is _(完全地) given up to work.3The _(幕布) rises and the play begins.4Thats _(正是) what I expected.5To send me to college, my parents _(受苦) a lot.6Our workmate has been in danger. Were all c_ about his health.7They e from Germany. They are G_.8On hot summer nights, people like to sit o_， chatting and enjoying the cool air.9Im g _ for your help.10Their age is from 13 to 19. They are called t_.11A lot of students p_ at the meeting took part in the discussion.12The tall tree was struck by l_ and broke.13The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p_ at the filling station.14Go up in an e_ to the fifth floor.15He looked calm, but a_ he was very nervous.16In the word “happy” the _(重音) is on the first syllable.17He has a poor _(词汇), so he cant express himself correctly.18The gentlemen disclosed their own _(身份)19Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the _(惯用法) of English.20Though he is not a _(本国的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.【答案】Loose entirely curtain exactly suffered concerned Germans outdoors grateful teenagers present lightning petrol elevator actually accent vocabulary identities usage nativeII.语法填空阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has played an important part _ international affairs in a responsible manner. 2. He has a habit of setting _ everything that happened in his diary. 3. The old man is said to have gone _ untold hardships before liberation. 4. It is reported that the police are looking into a series _ attacks in that area. 5. She requested that no one _(tell) of her decision until the next meeting.6. Mr. Smith doesnt live here any longer. That is, he _ lives here. 7.What surprised me was not what he said but the way _ he said it.8. His wife _(fall) in love with the house the moment she saw it. 9. I want very much to discuss this problem with him face _ face. 10. Did you break the vase _ purpose or by accident? 11. _ catch the last bus, Tom hurried through his work. 12. Jane has got such a bad temper that her colleagues find it hard to get _ well with her. 13. Tom joined his father _ helping to make the business a success. 14. He is now in hospital, _(recover) from a heart attack. 15. The money collected should be made good use of _(help) the people who suffered a lot in the terrible flood in Beijing on the night of July 21, xx, which caused great losses.16. This is the first time we _(see) a film in the cinema together as a family. 17. When _(pare) his handwriting with mine, I realize he makes rapid progress. 18. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _(interest) in his lectures. 19. There was a time _ I hated to go to school. 20. The book _(translate) into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 21. In the good care of the nurse, the boy is _(gradual) recovering from his heart operation.22. Ill be late home tonight because something unexpected has just e _.23. I only intended to be there for a few days, but _(act) I ended up staying there for a whole month.24. We are not sure whether the treatment has been successful. Only time will _(tell).25. The boy looked at his Christmas gift with an _(express) of satisfaction.26. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.27. China is now taking a path towards peace and development and has never threatened any country in the past and _ present, and will never do so in the future.28. The librarian manded that the books borrowed from the library _(return) as soon as possible.29. As is known to all language learners, the newly learnt words will soon be forgotten unless _(frequent) used in everyday munication.30. Happiness and success often e to those _ are good at recognizing their own strength.答案 1. in 2. down 3. through 4. of 5. (should) be told 6. no longer 7. that/in which 8. fell 9. to 10. on 11. In order to 12. along/on 13. In 14. recovering 15. to help 16. have seen 17. paring 18. Interested 19. when 20. has been translated 21. gradually 22. up 23. actually 24. tell 25. expression 26. in which 27. At 28. (should) be returned 29. frequently 30. who III.句型填空（用动词的正确形式填空）1.When first _ （introduce）to the market, these products enjoyed great success.答案introduced解析：将从句补全应为When these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语一致且从句中有be，可以省略主语和be。2.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ （eat）so much fried chicken just now.答案shouldnt have eaten 解析：由just now可知，本题谈论过去之事。谈论过去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推测只用于肯定句中，shouldnt have done表说话之前不应该做某事，但事实上却做了，含有责备的口气。3.This is the first time that I _ （be）to the Great Wall.答案have been解析：This is the first time that.之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。4.With five minutes _（go） before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.答案to go解析：本题考查with的复合结构，即“with宾语宾语补足语”。本题用不定式做宾补表示将来的动作。句意：在最后一班公交车离开的前五分钟，我们到了车站。IV语法填空【安徽省“皖南八校”xx届高三第二次联考】阅读下列材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。In the middle of April, if you walk through Jinghong, 1 capital of Xishuangbanna region in Yunnan province, 2 (chance) are that youll get very, very wet. The Dai people will be celebrating their water-splashing（泼水）festival from April 15 t0 17, marking the new year for the Dai ethnic minority.Lonely Planet, one of the worlds 3 (large) travel brands, has described what happens: “People race around the streets of Jinghong and the surrounding villages, soaking（浸透）every person _4 sight with buckets of water. _5 (tradition), water would be collected and poured only on family members as asymbolic way _6 (ensure) good luck in the ing year. Dai people believe that the wetter you get, the luckier you will be. Although water 7 (play)a vital role in the celebration, there is much more to the festival, especially during the first two days 8 water splashing is paratively kept under control, according to Lonely Planet. People wear their best clothes, while older women in nearby villages 9 (dress) in traditional outfits（服装）.They gather with their families and visit Dai temples. There, they wash the statues of Buddha（佛教）with water, a practice 10 (know) as ”Bathing the Buddha.【答案】thechances largestinTraditionally.to ensureplayswhenare dressedknown in 考查介词。此处是表示看得见的人，用 in sight，用in。 Traditionally 考查副词。“传统来说”，用副词修饰整个句子。填Traditionally。.to ensure 考查非谓语动词。way 后面用不定式结构解释内容，用to ensure。plays考查动词。通篇介绍节日，是一般现在时。主语是不可数名词，用单数，填plays。when考查连词。先行词是“前两日”，在定语从句中做时间状语，用when，故填when。are dressed考查动词。“穿着”，用be dressed in，主语是复数名词，故填are dressed。known考查非谓语动词。逗号前后没有连词，此处考查非谓语结构，“惯例”和“著名”是被动关系，故填known。V.短文改错【安徽省“皖南八校”xx届高三第二次联考】Good morning, everyone!Id like to share a quote with you, which go like this: “Time is said to be money, but it ismore-it is life.” It is true that time is great value. After all, anything is more precious thantime. In our daily life, weve often been told that lose time will never return. To be honest, Iam used to spend plenty of time playing puter games, what made me fall far behind myclassmates. Have realized how much time l wasted, Ive made up my minds to work hard tocatch up with them. Wasting time is just like wasting part of our lives. Such valuable is timethat if you want your dreams to e true, you should make the more of it.【答案】go-goes 加of anything-nothinglose-lost去掉amwhat-whichHave-Having, minds-mind,Such-So,more-most/best lose-lost 考查非谓语动词。此处是表示被动完成，用过去分词结构，“失去的”，因此 lose-lost。 去掉am 考查动词短语。根据句意：我过去总是浪费大量时间玩电脑游戏，“过去常常”used to do，因此去掉am。what-which 考查关系代词。用Which引导定语从句指代一件事“玩电脑”，因此what-which。Have-Having考查非谓语动词。根据句意：我认识到自己浪费了很多时间，表示主动，用动名词形式doing，因此Have-Having。minds-mind考查名词。“下定决心”， 固定短语 make up ones mind，因此minds-mind。Such-So考查副词。“如此有价值”，用so+形容词引导倒装句，因此Such-So。more-most/best考查固定短语。“充分利用”， 固定短语 make the best或most of，因此more-most/best。VI.范文背诵（翻译汉语句子并背诵全文）Mrs Wilson， Im going out shopping, and （1）我大约下午5点才回来_.I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 oclock this afternoon, Tracy called, （2）racy打电话说，她明天早上不能在Bolton Coffee见你，因为她有重要的事情要处理_She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. （3）你一回来，她就想让你给她会电话_She has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua答案：（1）wont be back until about 5：00 pm.（高级句型not. . .until. . .）（2）saying that she couldnt meet you at the Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to.（现在分词短语作状语，as引导的原因状语从句）（3）She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home.（高级句型. . .as soon as . . .）