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下一页,Rewrite the following sentences using the structure a./ad.+ as / though + Subject + v.,1. Although it was well-meant, the decision spoiled the peace talk in the Middle East.,Well-meant as it was, the decision spoiled the peace talk in the Middle East.,下一页,3. She gave up the idea to marry him because he was poor.,Poor as he was, she gave up the idea to marry him.,2. Although he tried hard, he failed to deceive the police commissioner in London in the end.,Hard as he tried, he failed to deceive the police commissioner in London in the end.,下一页,4. Though he may seem friendly, I wont regard him as considerate.,Friendly as he may seem, I wont regard him as considerate.,5. Although she was suspicious of him, she never came to the idea that the wealthy, soft-spoken, well-mannered man was a criminal.,Suspicious as she was of him, she never came to the idea that the wealthy, soft-spoken, well-mannered man was a criminal.,下一页,And now that he has fallen upon dark days at least some villagers are sticking by him. (= And seeing that he has fallen upon dark days, at least some villagers are sticking by him.) Now that you are older, you should know better. (=Since you are older, you should know better.),The word “now” can be used as a conjunction. In this case it often takes “that” with it to mean “seeing that”, “in as much as”, or “since” although “that” is sometimes omitted. For example:,Now rewrite the following sentences, using the expression “now that”.,下一页,1. You have studied the above models and understood the meaning and usage of the expression “now that”, and therefore you know how to do the following exercises.,Now(that) you have studied the above models and understood the meaning and usage of the expression “ now that”, you know how to do the following exercises.,下一页,3. Since the hotel is beautifully restored, many travelers like to stay in it.,Now that the hotel is beautifully restored, many travelers like to stay in it.,2. Ive heard the music and therefore I understand why you like it.,Now(that) Ive heard the music, I understand why you like it.,下一页,4. The criminal turned out to be one of their own, and therefore the London police commissioner publicly apologized for poorly supervising his department.,Now that the criminal turned out to be one of their own, the London police commissioner publicly apologized for poorly supervising his department.,5. Since you have got an MA degree, you are qualified for a PhD program.,Now that you have got an MA degree, you are qualified for a PhD program.,Models: A. “We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercises showed evidence of iron loss,” says Roseanne M. Lyle. Roseanne M. Lyle is an associate professor at Purdue University.,下一页,Combine the following groups of sentences after the model, using an appositive (同位语),“We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercises showed evidence of iron loss,” says Roseanne M. Lyle, associate professor at Purdue University.,下一页,Models: B. The first and most common is having low iron reserves. It is a condition that typically has no symptoms.,The first and most common is having low iron reserves, a condition that typically has no symptoms.,下一页,Mr. Howe is my favorite professor. He has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.,Mr. Howe, my favorite professor, has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.,2. Yesterday I went fishing. This is something I hadnt done in years.,下一页,Yesterday I went fishing something I hadnt done in years.,3. Some women are normally inactive, but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise.This action violates the laws of sports science.,Some women are normally inactive, but then all of a sudden start a program of intense exercise an action that violates the laws of sports science.,4. Even a brief visit to Greece gives you a deep sense of the roots of our culture. Greece is a modern country with ancient civilization.,下一页,Even a brief visit to Greece, a modern country with ancient civilization, gives you a deep sense of the roots of our culture.,下一页,5. The ancient Chinese were a people of inventors and discoverers. The ancient Chinese were a people of philosophers and soldiers. The ancient Chinese were a people of poets and craftsmen (工艺师). The ancient Chinese gave the world many of its most useful things.,A people of inventors and discoverers, philosophers and soldiers, poets and craftsmen, the ancient Chinese gave the world many of its most useful things.,Models: A. The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase. The level went up nearly 30 times.,下一页,The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times.,Combine the following groups of sentences after the model, using absolute structure (独立结构).,Models: B. Mary was sitting at her desk. Her head was slightly lowered (低下) over a pile of history notes.,下一页,Mary was sitting at her desk, her head slightly lowered (低下) over a pile of history notes.,下一页,His homework was done. His composition was written. Larry decided to go and see the film.,His homework done, his composition written, Larry decided to go and see the film.,下一页,2. The manager sat quietly in the office. His eyes were closed. He waited for the telephone to ring.,The manager sat quietly in the office, (his) eyes closed, waiting for the telephone to ring.,下一页,3. The room was in a mess. Empty bottles and beer cans were everywhere.,The room was in a mess, empty bottles and beer cans (being) everywhere.,4. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table. The newspaper was spread before him.,When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread before him.,下一页,5. Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board. Tears streamed down her cheeks.,Diana stood motionless at the end of the diving board, tears streaming down her cheeks.,下一页,Study the following model and then combine the groups of sentences, using “as”.,Model: The quest for truth is widespread in Maine. The same thing happens at the school in Connecticut.,As in Maine the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut.,下一页,Now combine the following groups of sentences, using “as”.,1. There is a great demand for educational reform in America. There is a great demand for educational reform in Britain, too.,In Britain, as in America, there is a great demand for educational reform.,下一页,2. In Italy people use a lot of olive oil in cooking. The same thing happens in Greece.,In Greece, as in Italy, people use a lot of olive oil in cooking.,下一页,3. In the Hyde School values such as courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern are the first, most important lesson. The same is true for some public inner-city schools in Maryland.,As in the Hyde School, values such as courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern are the first, most important lesson in some public inner-city schools in Maryland.,下一页,4. In Japan, in order to get into a famous university a large number of middle school students take supplementary classes. The same thing happens in China.,In China, as in Japan, a large number of middle school students take supplementary classes in order to get into a famous university.,下一页,5. In the middle of 1950s many young people went down to the countryside. The same was true for the late 1960s and early 1970s.,As in the middle of the 1950s, many young people went down to the countryside in the late 1960s and early 1970s.,下一页,Youve practiced a bit. Youll find that its quite easy.,The word “once” can be used as a conjunction with the meaning “from the moment that”. Now study the following groups of sentences and then use “once” to combine each group into one sentence based on a sound logic.,Once youve practiced a bit, youll find that its quite easy.,下一页,2. The meal was finished. The discussion began.,Once the meal was finished, the discussion began.,3. You show any fear. He will attack you.,Once you show any fear, he will attack you.,下一页,5. Customers come to rely on these systems. Customers almost never take their business elsewhere.,Once customers come to rely on these systems, they almost never take their business elsewhere.,4. The decision took about 10 seconds. Hed read a market research study.,The decision took about 10 seconds once hed read a market research study.,下一页,Study the following models and then combine each group of sentences into one, using absolutes.,下一页,下一页,From the above two models, we see that generally there are two ways of making a full sentence into an absolute construction. One is omitting a form of the verb be such as is, are, was, or were as in Model A. The second way is changing the main verb into its ing form as in Model B.,Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground. His face was covered with tears.,Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground, his face covered with tears.,下一页,2. The hotel taxi sped away. The taillights (尾灯) disappeared into the distance.,The hotel taxi sped away, the taillights disappearing into the distance.,3. Their stomachs were crying for food. Their backs were burning from too much sun. Both boys gathered their things and headed for home.,Their stomachs crying for food, their backs burning from too much sun, both boys gathered their things and headed for home.,下一页,4. Barbara just lay there. Her mouth trembled. Her eyes were unfocused. She was unable to say a word.,Barbara just lay there, her mouth trembling, her eyes unfocused, unable to say a word.,5. Then the two players let him fall to the track. His chest landed first. His head followed, bounced, and finally lay still.,Then the two players let him fall to the track, his chest landing first, his head following, bouncing, and finally lying still.,下一页,下一页,Study the model carefully and then rewrite the following sentences after the model, using the structure of “conjunction + prepositional phrase”.,下一页,1. Although they have a threatening appearance, most snakes arent really dangerous if you leave them alone.,Most snakes, although with a threatening appearance, arent really dangerous if you leave them alone.,Women, even though with the same abilities, have failed to approach the income of men.,2. Women have failed to approach the income of men even though they have the same abilities.,下一页,3. Though there was a severe shortage of coal supply, the governor was not forced to close all the schools.,Though with a severe shortage of coal supply, the governor was not forced to close all the schools.,She is capable of making complete French meals even though with no cheese between salad and dessert.,4. She is capable of making complete French meals even though there is no cheese between salad and dessert.,5. When you are in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office.,When in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office.,
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