2019-2020年高考英语书面表达集训（五）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语书面表达集训（五）【高阶特练】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 按照题目要求或提示来完成下列表述。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下面将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安排、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 xx年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿，这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇用法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。But, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：When he arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)On arriving in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail. Having arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) Hardly had he arrived in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误 双谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。【考点精练】 Test 1假定你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。写作要点：1做家务的理由；2做家务的过程；3你的感受。注意：1短文词数不少于100；2开头部分已写好，不计入总词数； 3不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 I am an 18yearold middle school student. Test 2请根据图画和所给词语的提示，叙述某天小明与其妈妈发生的故事。然后，再根据此故事内容，发表你自己的感想（自拟），不得少于三点想法。要求：1词数：120词左右2. 参考词汇：把瓶子扶起straighten the bottle upOne day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over._Test 3 假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li 希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况，并征求他们的教学建议。请按照以下几个要点用英语给她写一封信。1对英语学习的认识；2自己目前的英语水平；3自己在英语方面存在的主要问题；4对英语教学的两点建议。注意：1 词数120左右； 2 信的开头和结尾已给出（不计入总词数）。 Dear Ms Li, Im very happy that you are my English teacher._- Thank you! Li HuaTest 4假如你叫张明，前往同学王东家通知其出席有关会议，不巧王东不在家。请根据下列内容给王东写一张留言条。会议主题: 低碳生活 主持人: 校长发言人: 几位老师 出席对象: 全体师生时间: 星期日下午三点 地点: 校操场注意: 1. 自带椅子, 分班级按指定位置就座2. 原定周日下午三点举行的演讲比赛延至下周日下午三点举行词数：100左右。低碳生活：low-carbon lifeDear Wangdong,Just now, I went to your house, but unfortunately_Yours, Zhang MingTest 5假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席，你校的英语社团准备举办“英文电影周”活动。请你根据所给提示用英语写一则通知。内容主要包括： 1活动目的：丰富课外生活，了解异域文化等； 2参与方式：推荐自己喜欢的电影，在观看后进行讨论等； 3放映周是9月1酲至7日，电影征集截止日期是8月29日n 注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Test 6心理健康对我们非常重要，决定着我们的生活质量。请写一篇题为How to keep mental health的文章，向校报英文版Mental Health投稿。文章应包含以下内容：1.心理健康的重要性；2.保持心理健康的建议：了解自我，接纳自我；善于与他人相处；热爱生活与工作。注意：1.词数120字左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Test 7最近，某英语交流学习论坛提出一个话题“ Should square dancing be forbidden ?” 邀请网友参与讨论。你打算参加, 请根据题目写一篇发言稿。 内容包括：（1） 广场舞的现状；（2） 表明你的观点；（3） 给出理由。注意：词数100左右。 Should square dancing be forbidden ?Test 8星光中学（Xingguang High School）近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1.时间与地点：4月10日，大青山（Daqing Mountain）；2.活动的过程；3.你对于这次活动的评论。注意：1词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Test 9假如你是李华，目前正在一所外国语学校读高中。最近一段时间你对美国文化比较关注，尤其对美国的节日感兴趣。请你给你的美国网友Tom写一封电子邮件，询问关于感恩节的一些情况。内容要点如下： 1介绍自己的近况； 2询问关于感恩节的一些情况（起源、时间、庆祝方式等）； 3表示感谢。注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3开头语已为你写好。Dear Tom,Thanks for your E- mail last time Yours.Li HuaTest 10假设你是某外国语学校的学生会主席。最近，为了弘扬雷锋精神，你校决定开展多项志愿服务活动。请用英语写一篇倡议书，发表在校英语报上，号召同学们加入本校的志愿者俱乐部。内容包括：1.陈述当志愿者的好处；2.向同学们发出几点倡议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear fellow students,Volunteering has a positive effect on our munity. _ Students UnionTest 11假设你是新华中学的高三学生李华，你校打算邀请阿里巴巴首席执行官马云来学校做一次毕业典礼演讲，请你给马首席写一封邀请信。内容包括：1.说明写信的目的；2.说明演讲的具体安排-时间：5月30日；地点：学校操场; 主题：怎样通过个人奋斗实现人生理想；3.表达感谢与祝福。注意：1.词数100左右，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.参考词汇：毕业典礼演讲 mencement speechDear Mayun, CEO of Ali Baba, My name is Li Hua. Im a Senior 3 student from Xinhua Middle School.Test 12某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查，结果如下。请根据图表1提供的信息描述学生每天的课余活动，并针对图表2中任何一个数据中反映的情况写出你的一个看法。词数100词左右。生词：图表：chart课余活动：after-class activitiesTest 13火车、地铁、公交车内的“低头族”越来越多，尤其是青年人，上车后很快拿出手机，不管路程长短，不论坐着还是站着，人人都眼睛盯着屏幕，有的人走路也在看手机 针对这一现象 ，发表你的看法。 注意：行文连贯流畅；低头族：phubber 词数：100词左右 Test 14假如你叫李华，是某市某中学学生。最近你校在为一批来自英国的学生征询住宿家庭，你有意申请。请根据下表提供的信息用英语给校长写封信，说明你的理由。申请理由：住房条件宽敞、整洁、环境优美语言优势擅长英语，父母是英语教授，不会有交流困难接待经验上个月刚刚接待过两名美国学生参观游览父亲可驾车陪同参观附近的名胜其他（内容由考生自己添加）注意：1文章必须包括所有要点。 2词数：100左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear sir,Im writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families of the British students._Yours, Li HuaTest 15地球上的水资是丰富的，但可利用的淡水资却是有限的，因此在日常生活中我们必须节约用水。根据下面提供的信息，写一篇120词左右的短文，说明水的用处及我们应如何节约用水。1水对我们的日常生活非常重要，没有水一切生物都无法生存。2水可用发电、灌溉农田，工业和交通运输也需要大量的水。3节约措施：1）洗衣、洗菜水用冲卫生间；2）衣服尽量用手洗而不用洗衣机，因为洗衣机的用水量是手洗的三倍；3）洗漱、洗衣服时不要让水一直流着。4参考词汇：灌溉irrigate 冲洗flush 【高阶特练】xx高考英语-书面表达集训（五）答案Test 1Test 2One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over. He wanted to help the girl up, but his mother stopped him and said, “Dont do that, otherwise others will think it was you who knocked her down.” Another day, the mother was shocked to see Xiao Ming just let the fallen oil bottle be, so she said to him angrily, “Cant you see the fallen oil? Why didnt you straighten it up?” But Xiao Ming said to his mother, “If I had straightened the bottle up, you would have thought that I did it.”I disagree with what the mother did in the story. I think parents should set a good example to their children. They should not only care for their childrens health, but their minds. They should let their children know it is a pleasure to help others who are in trouble, because we live in the society which is a big family for all of us.There is no doubt that everyone should go all out to contribute to our society.Test 3Dear Ms Li Im very happy that you are my English teacher.As the world is being a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English Means we can see the world through a new window. My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by Heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. I really hope that you can give me some good advice on how to memorize new words. Another suggestion is that you should give us more chances to practice speaking. I believe I can make much progress in English with your help. Thank you!Test 4Dear WangDong,Just now, I went to your house, but unfortunately, you happened to be away, so I had to leave a note to you.I want to tell you something important. An important meeting on low-carbon life will be held on the playground of our school at three oclock this Sunday afternoon. All the teachers and students of our school must attend it.Our headmaster will host the meeting and a few teachers will make speeches at it. Please e to it on time, and take your chair with you. All the students should take their seats according to the given situation.By the way, the speech contest planned to be held on Sunday afternoon will be put off until three oclock next Sunday afternoon. Yours, Zhang MingTest 5Dear schoolmates, We are planning to hold an English Movies Week , it is aimed to make our school life after class more colorful and interesting. Also, it can help us learn about foreign cultures. Besides, itll be a good opportunity to meet and make new friends Now its time for you to remend your favorite movies. And discussions will be held to share our opinions after we see a movie. Remember :The English Movie Week will be held from the first to the seventh of September , and the deadline for remending moves is the 29th of August Join in ,and enjoy yourselves!【思路点拨】范文中运用一些常见的短语be aimed to do 旨在；makefriends交朋友；share sth 分享某事；Besides, itll be a good opportunity to meet and make new friends这个句子it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式；And discussions will be held to share our opinions after we see a movie这个句子运用到一般将来时的被动语态；Test 6How to keep mental healthMental health is something that decides whether we can live a happy life or not. However, mental health is easy to be overlooked, which can result in serious mental diseases. Here is some advice on keeping mental health.First, know your own potential and accept yourself for who you are. Instead of having unpractical and high expectations and demands for yourself, you should make practical goals for your life.Second, be sociable and make as many friends as possible. Try to be a person easy to get along with. When you are discouraged, you can share your trouble with your friends, whose fort and help can greatly relieve your suffering and help you out.Third, love your life and work. Try to display your talent in your work and you can get pleasure and satisfaction from your achievements, which can help you keep a good mood.Test 7Should square dancing be forbidden ?In recent years, square dancing has been being increasingly popular in cities. Many people have a habit of dancing to music with others. However, the loud noise disturbs the people who live around the square. Should square dancing be forbidden ?I dont think so. Here are the reasons. First of all, dancing is a good way to take exercise, which can help people to build themselves up. It also provides a chance for people to municate with each other. Besides, the square is a good place for people to work out.At the same time, the people living near the square have the right to live in peace. So I suggest the time when people dance on the square should be limited.Test 8In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10. Hundreds of us took part in it.It was a nice day. At 8:00 am. We gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits. All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. When some fell behind, others would e and offer help. About two hours later, we all reached the top. Bathed in sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.The activity benefited us a lot. Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work, it also promoted the friendship among us. What a wonderful time!Test 9Test 10Dear fellow students, Volunteering has a positive effect on our munity. It can benefit us in several ways. First of all, volunteering can help us learn more about society and gain valuable experience. Secondly, volunteering provides us with a good opportunity to put what we have learned to good use. I hope more and more students will join the voluntary club of our school. Lets express concern for the old and disabled people around us and offer a helping hand. Lets clean the parks near our home. Lets go to nursing homes to bring love to those in need. Remember, we can make a difference to society if we are willing to lend a helping hand, so lets take action. Students UnionTest 11Dear Mayun, CEO of Ali Baba, My name is Li Hua. Im a Senior 3 student from Xinhua Middle School. I am writing to ask you a favor. Would you please e to our school and give us a mencement speech? The speech is scheduled to be given on May 30th on the school playground ,the theme of which will be how to realize our dreams through personal efforts. We are eager to hear you talk about your own experiences and unique views. I sincerely hope you can take time out of your busy schedule, and I would appreciate it very much if you could e. Thank you in advance and wish you all the best! I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Sincerely yours, Li HuaTest 12 Test 13 Test 14Dear sir,Im writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families of the British students.We have a large and clean house, which lies in a beautiful area of the city. Im good at English and my parents are both professors of English, so Im sure we wont have any difficulty municating with English speakers. My father is an excellent driver and we will be very glad to show foreign students around some nearby places of interest in our own car. Last month we received two American students. We had a great time. Besides, my mother cooks well, so the students will be able to enjoy delicious Chinese food. I would greatly appreciate it if I could have the chance to make friends with them.Looking forward to your reply. Yours,Li HuaTest 15