2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精炼（1）(I).doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精炼（1）(I)Its the worst event in human beings nautical（航海的）history , six times more deadly than the Titanic . When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes（鱼雷）fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II , more than 10,000 people mostly women , children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany were packed aboard . An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down . Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down . Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard . Most people froze immediately . “ Ill never forget the screams , ” says Christa Ntitzmann , 87 , one of the 1,200 survivors . She recalls watching the ship , brightly lit , slipping into its dark grave-and into seeming nothingness , rarely mentioned for more than half a century . Now Germanys Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead , including more than 4,000 children-with his latest novel Crab Walk , published last month . The book ,which will be out in English next year , doesnt dwell on the sinking : its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later : “ Nobody wanted to hear about it , not here in the West ( of Germany ) and not at all in the East . ”The reason was obvious . As Grass put in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche : “ Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant , we didnt have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings . ” The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable and necessary . By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous crimes in the Second World War , Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad , marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors . Todays unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long , troubled history . For that , a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay . But even the most politically correct Germans believe that theyve now earned the right to discuss the full historical record . Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims , but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy .【小题1】Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst event in nautical history ? AIt was attacked by Russian torpedoes .BMost of its passengers were frozen to death .CIts victims were mostly women and children .DIt caused the largest number of casualties .【小题2】How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy ? ABy presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack .BBy describing the ships sinking in great detail .CBy giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche .DBy illustrating the survival of a young pregnant woman .【小题3】Whats the meaning of the underlined word “ marginalize ” AhighlightBweakenCstrengthenDfasten【小题4】It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that Athey will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyBthe Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nations past misdeedsCGermany is responsible for the horrible crimes it mitted in World War IIDit is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries xx高考英语阅读理解-历史类Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War . Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.【小题1】The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because. Athey lived healthily in a dirty environment.Bthey believed disease could be spread in public bathsCthey thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inDthey considered bathing as the cause of skin disease【小题2】Which of the following best describes Henry IVs attitude to bathing? AApproving.BAfraid.CCuriousDUninterested.【小题3】How does the passage mainly develop? ABy providing examples.BBy making parisons.CBy following the order of time.DBy following the order of importance.【小题4】What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? ATo stress the role of dirt.BTo introduce the history of dirt.CTo call attention to the danger of dirt.DTo present the change of views on dirt.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 。In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and Englishand all at the same time. This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a puter science professor at USs Carnegie Mellon University(CMU)and Germanys University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be a reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other. One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into another. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Users also have to be trained how to use the programme. Another prototype (雏形机)can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what language they speak. “It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you,”Waibel said. Prefer to read? So-called Translation Glasses transcribe (转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal (液晶) display(LCD)screen. Then theres the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech. The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a persons face, according to researchers. During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMUs Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat. Then he mouthedwithout speaking alouda few words in Mandarin (普通话) to the audience. A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a puter screen and spoken out by the puter in English and Spanish: “Let me introduce our new prototype.”This particular gadget (器具), when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of languages or, as Waibel put it, “to switch your mouth to a foreign language”. “The idea behind the universitys prototypes is to creategood enough bridges for cross-cultural exchanges that are being more mon in the world,”Waibel said. With spontaneous (自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio, tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people, and leaders of different countries could have secret talks without any interpreters there. 1. Which of the following statements is not true? A. A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily. B. Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth. C. There is no Muscle Translator in the world now. D. The spontaneous translators will help us a lot. 2. What kind of equipment is NOT mentioned in this passage? A. Lecture Translation. B. Multiple Translator. C. Muscle Translator. D. Translation Prototype. 3. Whats the final destination of inventing the language translators? A. To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier. B. To help students learn foreign languages more easily. C. To make people live in foreign countries more fortably. D. To help people learn more foreign languages in the future. 4. What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph? A. The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need. B. The translator is being more and more mon in the world as a bridge. C. With the help of the translator, you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all. D. The translator needs to be improved before being put into market. 5. Where can this passage probably be excerpted from? A. A newspaper. B. A magazine on science. C. A fairy tale.D. A scientific fantasy book.【参考答案】15、CBADB 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A funny thing happened on the way to the munications revolution: we stopped talking to one another.I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation.There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day andI became invisible, absent from the conversation.The telephone used to connect you to the absent.Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent.Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every advance in munications technology is a tragedy to the closeness of human interaction.With email and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now municate without seeing or talking to one another.With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone.If my mom has a question, I just leave the answer on her machine.As almost every contact we can imagine between human beings gets automated, the alienation(疏远) index goes up. You cant even call a person to get the phone number of another person anymore.Directory assistance is almost always fully automated.I am not against modern technology.I own a cell phone, an ATM card, a voicemail system, and an email account.Giving them up isnt wise, theyre a great help to us.Its some of their possible consequences that make me feel uneasy.More and more, I find myself hiding behind email to do a job meant for conversation, or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn t really have time to talk.The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier, or at least facilitating my antisocial instincts.So Ive put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with people who live near me, no cellphoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when Im at home.1Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A.The Advance of munications TechnologyB.The Consequences of Modern Technology C.The Story of the munications RevolutionD.The Automation of Modern munications 2The sentence “Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent” means that _. Athe people sitting beside you have to go away to receive phone call Byou can hardly get in touch with the people sitting beside you Cmodern technology makes it hard for people to have a facetoface talk Dpeople can now go to work without going to the office3The writer feels that the use of modern munications is _. AsatisfyingBencouraging Cdisappointing Dembarrassing4The passage implies that _. Amodern technology is bridging people Bmodern technology is separating people Cmodern technology is developing too fast Dmodern technology is interrupting our munication5What does the underlined word “facilitating” mean?A加深 B限制 C帮助 D装备【要点综述】 本文主要论述现代技术的消极影响现代技术的使用在疏远人与人之间的距离。1. B主旨大意题。本文主要论述了现代技的影响。2. C句意理解题。第一段作者提出：通讯革命使我们不再面对面地交谈；第二段作者举自己生活的一例来予以说明； 第三段作者感慨“Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent”，即其意应为：现在技术使人们很难有面对面的交谈。故选C项。3. D推理判断题。根据第五段可知，作者并不反对现代技术，也认为它极有帮助，只是某一些结果让他感到不安，比如第二段中他所举的生活例子。由此判断他会认为使用现代技术有时令人感到尴尬，故选D项。4. B推理判断题。根据第四段可推断现代技术正在疏远人们之间的关系，故选B项。5. A词义猜测题。画线词所在的这一段主要在讲述现代技术对他的消极影响，因此他才决定限制自己对现代技术的使用。由此判断画线词应意为“加深”，即：加重他的不爱交际的天性。故选A项。