2019-2020年高中英语阅读理解 第一部分 异域风光（五）练习.doc

2019-2020年高中英语阅读理解 第一部分 异域风光（五）练习早在两千年前，罗马人就曾在这地方安营扎寨，屯兵驻军。在漫长的岁月里，剑桥只是个乡间集镇而已。直到剑桥大学成立后，这个城镇的名字才渐为人所知，今天它是座10万人口的城市。剑桥大学有近800年历史，孕育出60多位诺贝尔奖得主，共有31个学院。When we say that Cambridge is a university town, we do not mean just that it is a town with a university in it. Manchester and Milan have universities. But we do not call them university towns. A university town is one where there is no clear separation between the university buildings and the rest of the city. The university is not just one part of the town, but it is all over the town. The heart of Cambridge has its shops, pubs, market places and so on, but most of it is universitycolleges, faculties, libraries, clubs and other places for university staff and students. Students fill the shops, cafes, banks and churches, making these as well part of the university.The town was there first. Two Romans crossed there, and there were signs of building before Roman times (earlier than 43A.D.). In 1226, the authority of the university, the chancellor, was recognized by the king, and Cambridge became a centre of learning.At that time many of the students were too poor to afford lodgings. Colleges were opened so that students could live cheaply. This was the beginning of the college system which has continued at Cambridge up to the present day.The colleges were built with money from kings, queens, religious houses or other sources. One example is Clare College. It was first founded in 1326 as University Hall after the Black Death (a disease which killed half the population of England between 1349 and 1350). It was rebuilt with money from the countess of Clare. Today there are nearly thirty colleges. The newest are University College, founded in 1965, and Clare Hall, founded in 1966, both for graduates.With about 8,250 undergraduates and over 2,000 postgraduates, the city is a busy place in full term. Undergraduates are not allowed to keep cars in Cambridge, so nearly all of them use bicycles. Dont try to drive through Cambridge during the five minutes between lectures. If one has a lecture in Downing College at 9:55 and another in Trinity at 10, his bicycle must get him there through a boiling sea of other bicycles hurrying in all directions. If you are in Cambridge at five minutes to the hour any morning of full term, you will know that you are in a university town. Stop in some safe place, and wait.A. at least 1,960 years ago. B. some 780 years ago. C. about 43 A.D. D. after colleges were built there.3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? _A. Clare College was rebuilt in 1966. B. University College refers to University Hall.C. The newest college is Clare Hall. D. There is a university and nearly thirty colleges in Cambridge.4. According to the last paragraph, what do you think is the feature of Cambridge? _A. Many bicycles hurry in all directions during the five minutes between lectures. B. There are very few cars in the city. C. The city is too noisy and crowed. D. It is difficult to drive in the city.5. Which of the following statements is not considered correct according to your understanding? _ A. In the beginning many students were so poor that they couldnt pay for acmodation in the university. B. Colleges were originally sep up for the purpose of offering students cheap lodgings. C. The passage mainly tells us about the history of Cambridge University. D. The passage mainly describes why Cambridge is called a university town.(CBCAD)令人敬畏又惊奇的尼亚加拉大瀑布被称为世界著名七大奇景之一的尼亚加拉大瀑布，以丰沛而浩瀚的水汽和磅礴的气势，使前来观赏的游人都为之震撼。全长58公里的尼亚加拉河水在美国境内平静而温顺，毫无声息地流经平原之地，但流至美国与加拿大边境时，河面由宽变窄，形成了湍急的水流，而在一道石灰岩断崖形成50米以上的落差，使水量丰富的尼亚加拉河水在经过这里时骤然陡落，就形成了举世闻名的尼亚加拉大瀑布。American part of the Falls is 56 metres high and 320 metres wide; the Canadian part (called Horseshoe Falls) is 54 metres high and 675 metres wide.There are many ways to see the Falls. The easiest way is, of course, to walk along or lean over the low wall right at the water edge above the Falls on the Canadian side. From there, you can see both sides of the Falls. You can also get on top of a red double-deck bus and look at the Falls from a higher position. It is an ideal point from which to photograph the Falls.Today, an average of 12 million people visit Niagara Falls every year. They e from every corner of the worldto stand in awe to stand in wonder.prehension Questions:1. In this passage the word falls obviously means _A. autumn. B. going down. C. waterfall. D. rainy water.2. The five Great Lakes in North America are the worlds largest group of freshwater lakes. Four of them are mentioned in the passage. The last one is called_ A. Lake Ontario. B. Great Bear Lake. C. Great Slave Lake. D. Lake Winnipeg.3. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? _A. It is impossible to approach Niagara Falls because it is the most powerful. B. The Niagara River is the international borderline between Canada and the US.C. The Niagara River is a very short river in the world.D. The Goat Island divides the waterfall into two parts.4. Which of the following facts is not mentioned in the passage? _ A. The position of Niagara Falls. B. The height and width of Niagara Falls. C. The best time to see Niagara Falls. D. The number of people who visit Niagara Falls annually.5. If you want to take pictures of Niagara Falls, youd better _A. take a boat to look from a higher position.B. get on top of a red double-deck bus.C. stand or lean over the low wall right at the water edge above the Falls on the Canadian side. D. sit in a plane flying high enough.(CAACB)23. Houston, a City Named After a General休斯顿以将军名字命名的城市1836年，离墨西哥海湾约50英里。这儿气候温暖，雨量充沛，夏天炎热，时有大暴风来袭。城市以山姆休斯顿的名字命名。因为在1836年，休斯顿领导了与墨西哥的战争，并取得了辉煌胜利。今天，休斯顿是美国第三大港市，船只可以从墨西哥海湾沿休斯顿运河驶进休斯顿港口。它是美国重要的工业、商业及金融中心，又是美国航天工业中心。Houston in the state of Texas is a young city with a population of 1.6 million. It was founded in 1836 as a small town about 50 miles from the Gulf of Mexico. It has grown up on a low flat plain. It has a warm climate and a lot of rain. It is very hot in summer, and there are sometimes big windstorms. The city was named after General Samuel Houston. He led the war against Mexico in 1836. This was when the Americans took Texas from Mexico.Today Houston is the third biggest seaport of the U.S.A. Ships can sail to the port of Houston from the Gulf of Mexico up the Houston Ship Canal. Exports also e from the shipyards and the very many factories that are on each other side of the Ship Canal.Houston is also a major industrial, mercial, and financial hub, the center of the U.S. aerospace industry.prehension Questions:1. According to the passage, Houston is _ A. a city named after a general. B. the name of a state of America. C. a city with a long history. D. the third biggest city of the U.S.A.2. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? _A. General Samuel Houston once led the war in liberating Houston. B. Texas was under the rule of Mexico till 1836. C. The city of Houston was founded by General Samuel Houston. D. Houston is a very hot but dry city.3. It was _ that the American army under the leadership of Houston took Texas from Mexico. A. in 1826 B. in 1836 C. in 1827 D. The passage doesnt tell us. D. a major industrial, mercial, and financial hub.(ABBCA)24. Greenwich, a Historic Town of England格林威治英国历史名镇离伦敦城8公里的泰晤士河畔，有一座闻名世界的小山峰-格林威治。从海上经过泰晤士河河口进入伦敦的船只，必须从这里经过。15世纪初，英国王室就将其作为防守伦敦的要塞，在这里设置炮台和了望塔，用来监视泰晤士河上的舰船。1675年，英王查理二世决定在格林威治山顶的了望塔处建立英国皇家天文台。第二次世界大战后，格林威治天文台迁到苏萨克斯郡，旧址改为英国天文博物馆。天文台院子里保留着一条混凝土嵌着铜条的线，旁边的大理石上刻着醒目的大字“格林威治子午线”，表示地球在这里被分为东西两半球。Greenwich is a historic town of England on the River Thames, five miles from the middle of London, and its history is 2,000 years old. It is the site of the original Royal Observatory, through which passes the prime meridian, or longitude zero(本初子午线, 即0经线).The first English people, the Saxons, were fishermen there, and they gave Greenwich its name “green village” before came the Romans. You can still walk along the old Roman road in Greenwich Park. The name of the earliest palace was Placentia. Its windows were made of glass-the first in England. Henry VIII loved Placentia. He married two of his six wives there. He understood the future of his country, too. He knew that England must be strong at sea. So he started two big shipyards at Greenwich, and for 350 years the ships made there were the best in the world.But trouble was ing to Greenwich. In 1649, a war started in England and for eleven years there was no king. The men who had worked for him at Placentia decided to live in the palace themselves. They sold all its beautiful things, and bought small pieces of the palace garden with the money. Finally, the war ended and King Charles II came back. But Placentia was falling down. So King Charles II built a new and bigger palace, which is now the Royal Naval College and is open to the public. You can see the biggest pictures in the world in its beautiful Painted Hall. The painter worked on them for twenty years and he only got one pound a metre for the job! A. the men working at Placentia destroyed it. B. the kings servants once lived there. C. there was once a war in Greenwich.D. King Charles II built a new and bigger palace instead.4. In the Royal Naval College, you can see _ A. a new and bigger palace inside. B. a painted hall with the biggest pictures in it. C. a painter working on pictures. D. the old Placentia.5. Through reading the passage, we can infer that _ built the old roads in Greenwich Park. A. the first English fishermen B. the Saxons C. the Romans D. Henry VIII(CADBD)25. Canberra, Capital of Australia堪培拉澳大利亚首都堪培拉位于澳大利亚首都直辖区东北部澳大利亚阿尔卑斯山脉的山麓平原上，跨莫朗格洛河两岸。原为牧羊地，1913年按规划始建，1927年联邦政府从墨尔本迁此。全国政治中心。堪培拉的城市设计十分新颖，环形及放射状道路将行政、商业、住宅区有机地分开。城市中心的格里芬湖喷泉，即为纪念库克船长上岸200周年而建的“库克船长纪念喷泉”水柱高达 140 米，极为壮观。全城树木苍翠，鲜花四季，每年九月，堪培拉都举办花节，以数十万株花迎接春天的到来，被誉为 “大洋洲的花园城市”。Canberra, the capital of Australia, lies in the southeast of the country. From this city, it is 240 kilometres to Sydney, and over twice to Melbourne. The former faces the Pacific Ocean and the latter is close to the Bass Strait through which ships from Sydney can enter the Indian Ocean.When the federal government of Australia was formed in 1901, no one knew where Australias capital would be. The two cities of Melbourne and Sydney both wanted the honour. Instead, the founding father chose a piece of land between the two cities for the new capital. The government would build a new city called Canberra as the countrys capital.People find life in Canberra relaxing and pleasant. The city is surrounded by beautiful mountains where people can ski. There is a large man-made lake lined with beaches and parks in the center of Canberra. Canberra is now Australias largest inland city. Many people living there have e from other cities in Australia and from other lands. They have e to Canberra to work. Some have e to escape the busier way of life found in many other countries.prehension Questions:1. According to the passage, it is about _ kilometers from Sydney to Melbourne. A. 240 B. 480 C. 740 D. 7002. Canberra was designed by _ A. the founding father. B. the federal government. C. an American. D. the world leading architects.3. Canberra is now _ A. a lovely city to which no visitors can go by sea. B. the largest city and education center in Australia. C. a beautiful coastal city with beaches and parks. D. a pleasant place with mountains and lakes surrounding it.4. According to the passage, the government moved to this new city to work _A. in 1901. B. in 1911. C. in 1913. D. in 1927.