2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题一语法基础考点三形容词和副词.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题一语法基础考点三形容词和副词限时25分钟一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1To everyones surprise, the girl who no one thinks will succeed has set a(n) _ (ambition) goal to be admitted to Cornell University.答案ambitious 句意：让每个人都感到吃惊的是，没有人认为会成功的女孩竟然设定了一个雄心勃勃的目标，要考上康奈尔大学。ambitious“有雄心的，有雄心壮志的”。根据句意可知，应填ambitious。2She said she had never gone abroad, but _ (actual) she had ever been to three countries at least.答案actually 句意：她说她从未出过国，但实际上她至少去过三个国家。空格处前后表达的是相反的含义，空格后介绍的是真实情况，故用actually。3The message is very clearif you lose weight, you will have a happier, _ (healthy) and better life.答案healthier句意：意思很明显如果你减肥，你将会有一个更幸福、更健康和更美好的生活。根据空格前后都用的是形容词比较级的形式可知，此空填healthier。4A sacred feeling _ (sudden) arises which attracts me to know more about this country.答案suddenly句意：我突然产生一种神圣的感觉。这种感觉吸引着我去了解关于这个国家的更多的东西。修饰动词arises应用副词形式。suddenly“突然”。5Alex, who speaks English _ (fluent), says that fluency develops gradually over time and through lots of practice.答案fluently句意：亚历克斯能讲流利的英语，他说能流利地说英语是通过时间和大量练习逐渐提高的。这里用副词修饰动词speaks。6After the long journey, the three of them went back home, tired but _ (please)答案pleased在本句中形容词作伴随状语，表明他们三人累并快乐着。7How was your job interview?Oh, I couldnt feel _ (bad). I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.答案worse 根据答语的第二句可推知，回答者感觉再糟糕不过了，所以答案为worse。8The more you practice using English, the _ (good) youll learn it.答案better句意：你英语练习得越多，就会学得越好。“the比较级，the比较级”意为“越，就越”。9Our notes are much _ (thin) than the books so we can learn them more easily and can often review them.答案thinner句意：我们的笔记和书相比薄多了，所以学习起来相对比较容易，而且我们可以经常温习笔记。由空格后的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级，much修饰比较级。thin的比较级形式需要双写字母n再加er。10Dont always try to start something when everything is running _ (smooth)答案smoothly 句意：当一切都进行得顺利时，不要总想惹是生非。smoothly“顺利地”，符合句意。11It is reported that global warming is heating the planet twice as quickly as _ (previous) feared.答案previously句意：据报道，全球变暖正以两倍于先前所担心的速度加热着地球。previously“早先，以前”，相当于before“以前”，符合句意。12If you decide to do your own makeup, here are a few _ (value) tips that will help you look your best.答案valuable句意：如果你决定自己化妆，这里有一些有用的小窍门，可以帮助你呈现最美的一面。valuable“有用的；有价值的”，修饰tips。13It was one of the largest and _ (fine) ships at that time.答案finest句意：它是当时最大最好的船只之一。由句意及and前面的largest一词可知此处也应填形容词的最高级形式。14Whenever it is convenient to you, you can e to my house. I will teach you to make clothes _ (person)答案personally句意：当你方便的时候，你可以来我家，我亲自教你做衣服。personally“亲自”，符合句意。15The advertising world is very _ (pete) and when I look back, I cannot imagine how I survived in it.答案petitive句意：广告业是非常具有竞争性的。当我回顾的时候，我无法想象我是如何在这个行业中生存的。petitive“竞争的”，在句中作表语。16Seeing a dog suddenly appearing on the road, the driver turned the steering wheel _ (sharp) to avoid hitting it.答案sharply句意：看到一条狗突然出现在路上，司机迅速转动方向盘，以免撞上它。此处用副词sharply，表示“迅速地，突然地”。17Alex has been in China for quite a few years. _ (consequent), he speaks fluent Chinese.答案Consequently句意：亚历克斯已经在中国待了好多年了，因此，他说一口流利的汉语。consequently“因此，所以”，符合句意。18During my childhood many years ago, a hero was pictured in my mind as the _ (power), wellbuilt man.答案powerful句意：在很多年前的童年时期，我脑海中的英雄形象是强壮结实的人。powerful“强壮的”，符合句意。19Our hope is to build connections among people of all races, because it is the diversity that _ (true) makes our country stronger.答案truly句意：我们的希望是在所有种族的人们之间建立联系，因为正是这种多样性真正地让我们的国家更强大。truly“真正地”，修饰动词makes。20His political views are rather _ (extremely), so few people want to support him.答案extreme 句意：他的政治观点相当极端，所以几乎没有人想支持他。extreme“极端的”，在句中作表语。21Jane is regarded as a role model in her class because she is a _ (determine) person.答案determined 句意：简被认为是班里的榜样，因为她是一个意志坚定的人。determined“意志坚定的”，符合句意。22The Forbidden City attracts a _ (constantly) stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.答案constant不定冠词a与名词中间应该填写形容词，因此填constant。23Dont defend him any more. Its obvious that he _ (deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.答案deliberately此处考查副词修饰动词的基本用法。空格后destroyed为动词，所以填副词。24Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _ (equal) respected.答案equally句意：任何人，无论他是官员还是公交司机，都应被平等地尊重。equally“平等地”，符合句意。25Australia is the _ (large) island country in the world, which is in the south of the earth.答案largest句意：澳大利亚是世界上最大的岛国，位于地球的南部。根据句意可知，这里应用形容词的最高级。26Sometimes success doesnt only depend on what you do; what you dont do is _ (equal) important.答案equally句意：有时成功不只取决于你做的事情；你没有做的事情也同样重要。equally“同样地”，修饰后面的形容词。27She worked so hard that _ (eventual) she suffered from a serious headache.答案eventually 句意：她工作这么卖力以至于最终得了严重的头痛病。eventually“最终”，相当于finally。28I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _ (much) meaningful things to do.答案more根据句意可以判断，后一个分句表示与看电视相比，有更有意义的事情可做。故填more，构成比较级。29The manager has a strong preference for a job interview, for it evaluates a candidate more _ (thorough)答案thoroughly 句意：经理对面试工作有强烈的偏好，因为这能够更全面地评估一个应试者。thoroughly“彻底地，全面地”，符合句意。30We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us, which made us even more _ (frighten)答案frightened句意：我们可以很清楚地看到在前方出现了一道奇异的光芒，使得我们更加害怕。由句意可知此处应填形容词frightened。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。1After an hour or so I began to feel very frightening of this movie._答案frighteningfrightenedfrightening“令人害怕的”，一般用于修饰事物；frightened“害怕的”，多用于修饰人或与人有关的名词，如：look, expression, voice等。2As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past._答案去掉moremuch用于修饰比较级，表示程度，而more用于构成比较级。此处longer本身已是比较级的形式，所以不需要加more。3Im sure that well have a wonderfully time together on our trip to Qingdao._答案wonderfullywonderful此处修饰名词time应用形容词。4I used to watch TV a lot in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football to build up my body._答案interestinginterestedbe interested in. “对感兴趣”，为固定搭配。5For instance, one night Jim played strong and loudly music till four oclock in the morning._答案loudlyloud此处修饰名词music应用形容词。loud music“重音乐，喧闹的音乐”。6However, we rarely felt lonely or helplessly because of each others pany._答案helplesslyhelplessfeel为系动词，后面只能用形容词或名词作表语，而不能用副词。lonely为形容词，“孤独的”。helplessly为副词形式，因此应使用其形容词形式helpless，意为“无助的”。7David sings better than me, but he doesnt sing as good as my brother._答案goodwell句意：戴维唱歌比我好，但他不如我兄弟唱得好。此处修饰动词sing，因此应用good的副词well来修饰。8We decided to stay at home instead of climbing the mountains because it was raining hardly._答案hardlyhard/heavilyhardly为否定副词，意思是“几乎不”。此处指雨下得大，因此应用副词hard/heavily来表示。9He is a hardworking boy and often es to class early and leaves lately._答案latelylatelately为副词，意思是“最近，近来”。late也可用作副词，意思是“晚”。根据句意，应该用late。10More important, it reminds them that youre thinking of them._答案importantimportantlymore importantly“更重要的是”，作整个句子的状语，因此必须用副词。11Chopsticks may be made of any of the follow materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, or plastic._答案followfollowingfollow为动词，意思是“跟随，遵循”；following为形容词，意思是“下面的，接着的”。the following materials“下面的材料”。12The donkey realized what was happening and cried pitiful._答案pitifulpitifully此处修饰动词cried应用副词pitifully。13The more words you know, the more easy you can read._答案easyeasily句意：你知道的单词越多，读起来就越容易。修饰动词read，应用easy的副词形式easily。“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”。14Your job here is only temporarily, for you will be removed from it when we have a proper post for you._答案temporarilytemporary句意：你在这里的工作只是临时的，因为当我们有适合你的岗位时，你就会被调离。在系动词be后，只能用形容词或名词来作表语，因此应使用temporarily的形容词形式temporary，意为“暂时的，临时的”。15I am not satisfied with his answer at all. It couldnt have been bad._答案badworse句意：我对他的回答一点也不满意。真是糟糕透了。“否定词比较级”表示最高级的含义，因此应用bad的比较级形式worse。形容词和副词(一)一、形容词和副词的基本用法 句子中，形容词一般用作定语修饰名词，用作表语说明主语的性质、状态等或用作宾语补足语说明宾语的情况。副词一般用作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子等。 但是，也有少数几个形容词，如：tired, hungry, dead等也可作状语，说明主语当时的情况。同时，有的副词，如：here, there等也可作后置定语。二、“形容词ly”构成副词的规则情况构成例词一般情况加lyquickquickly，. bravebravely，immediateimmediately辅音字母y结尾将y改为i再加lyeasyeasily, happyhappily，heavyheavily, busybusilyle结尾去e加ysimplesimply，gentlegently元音字母e结尾去e加lytruetrulyll结尾只加yfullfully, dulldullyic结尾加allybasicbasically，scientificscientifically三、与形容词同形的副词一般情况下形容词词尾加ly可以构成副词，但有的形容词以ly结尾，如：friendly, lively, lovely, manly等。另外，英语中也有一类副词，不是以ly结尾，而是与形容词同形，这两种同根的副词意义大都不同。(1)通常与形容词同形的副词表示直接、具体意义，ly结尾的副词表示抽象意义。常用的这类副词有： An eagle is circling high overhead.The government thinks highly of his invention.We were all deeply moved by his story.(2)也有一些这样的副词意义毫无关联。hard 努力地；艰苦地hardly 几乎不late晚；迟 lately近来，最近，前不久most十分，非常，很 mostly大部分地；主要地四、形容词和副词某些特殊用法1当形容词修饰不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词，如：something, anything, nothing时，经常位于这些词的后面作后置定语。I have something important to tell you.我有件重要的事要告诉你。2形容词作状语表示伴随或结果。说明主语所处的状态，并不表示动作的方式。He went to bed, cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地去睡觉了。3“否定词比较级”表示最高级。It cant be worse.Its the worst thing (Ive ever known)这是(我知道的)最糟糕的事情。4most前如果没有定冠词the，就没有比较的意思，只是用来加强语气，有“很，非常”之意。This is a most interesting story.这是一个很有趣的故事。5though也可以用作副词，但用作副词时常放在句末。意为“然而，可是”。She promised to phone. I heard nothing, though.她答应要打电话来，可我没听到回信儿。6有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。Obviously, your answer is absolutely wrong.很显然，你的答案绝对错了。7can not/never与enough或too连用，意为“无论怎样都不过分；越越好”。You can not be careful enough/too careful to study.在学习方面，你再细心也不为过。限时25分钟一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1xx全国卷The title will be _ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.答案officially句意：这个头衔会在伦敦的典礼上正式地授予我。此处修饰动词given应用副词形式。2xx全国卷If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of _ (great) and less importance.答案greater句意：如果你因为工作责任而感到有压力的话，那么你应该暂缓一下，识别哪些事情更重要，哪些不太重要。由and连接两个并列成分可知，所填词应与less并列，故用比较级greater。3xx全国卷Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _ (regular)答案regularly句意：近期的研究表明，如果有规律地短暂休息，我们的工作效率会更高。此处需用副词修饰动词短语take short breaks。4xx全国卷Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.答案gradually句意：小块的食物用树枝更容易吃到，这样树枝就逐渐演变成了筷子。所填词修饰动词，所以用副词形式。5xx四川高考Chinese scientists _ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.答案recently句意：最近，中国的科学家有机会研究一只带着新出生的熊猫宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。空格处在句中作状语，应用副词形式。6xx四川高考She was a very _ (care) mother.答案caring/careful句意：她是一位非常体贴的/细心的妈妈。修饰名词应用形容词形式。caring“体贴的，关心他人的”和careful“细心的”均符合语境。7xx浙江高考That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, hes _ (rely)答案reliable句意：那个年轻人很诚实，有合作精神，当你需要他的帮助的时候，他总会在那里。简而言之，他是可以信赖的。be动词后面要接形容词作表语。8xx浙江高考I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ (many) in the ing years.答案more句意：我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动，并且希望未来的几年里参加更多的活动。此处暗含比较意义，故用比较级形式。9xx全国卷A few hours _， Id been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog.答案before/earlier句意：几小时之前，我待在香港的家，那里有令人窒息的雾。结合语境应用before或earlier表示“在之前”。10xx全国卷Abercrombie & Kent, a travel pany in Hong Kong, says it _ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.答案regularly句意：香港的一家旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent说，它经常为住在上海和香港的人安排到这里的快速通道。此处需用副词修饰动词arranges。11xx全国卷Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.答案slowly句意：土坯做的墙壁在热天能够吸收来自太阳的热量，并在凉爽的夜晚慢慢释放出那些热量，从而温暖房间。修饰动词短语give out，要用副词slowly。12xx福建高考It was _ (considerately) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.答案considerate句意：迈克通知我们他耽搁了以防我们担心，他考虑得真周全。此处需要一个形容词作表语，形容人的特性。13xx安徽高考They gave money to the old peoples home either _ (personal) or through their panies.答案personally句意：他们通过个人或以公司的名义把钱送到老年之家。根据句意及句子结构可知，这里需用副词修饰动词gave。14xx四川高考Little Tom sat _ (amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.答案amazed句意：小汤姆惊讶地坐在那儿观看猴子在他面前跳舞。此处用amazed说明主语的状态。15xx浙江联考My bicycle is not as _ (rely) as it used to be, for the chain often locks on my way to school.答案reliable句意：我的自行车不再像以前一样可靠了，因为链条经常在去上学的路上卡住。根据“as.as”结构中应用形容词/副词原级可知，应填reliable。16xx合肥质检Do you like Marys new hair style?Perfect! How much _ (good) she looks with the curly short hair!答案better句意：你喜欢玛丽的新发型吗？太棒了！她一头卷曲的短发看上去好看多了！much修饰形容词的比较级，并且作look的表语，故填better。17xx福州质检With the word “PM2.5” _ (constant) appearing in media reports, people pay greater attention to it and seek health tips for smoggy days.答案constantly句意：随着“PM2.5”这个词不断地出现在媒体报道中，人们更关注它，并寻找应对雾霾天气的健康建议。根据结构可知，此处应用副词形式修饰appearing。18xx陕西质检My mom didnt wait a moment, but came _ (immediate) she received my call.答案immediately句意：我妈妈未等片刻，而是一接到我的电话就立刻来了。immediately可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。19xx黄冈质检In the bubble (泡沫) years, lending standards slipped _ (drama), allowing many people to put far too much of their ine into paying for their housing.答案dramatically句意：在泡沫年代，借贷的标准大幅度地下滑，这使很多人将自己的大部分收入用来买房。dramatically“大幅度地”，符合句意。20xx西安联考As a matter of fact, they do meet now and then, but not _ (regular)答案regularly句意：事实上，他们确实偶尔会见面，但不经常。regularly意为“经常，有规律地”。21xx辽宁质检_ (luck), he was slightly injured in the accident.答案Luckily此处用副词作状语修饰整个句子。22xx东城二模The boy is excited about the ing music festival and he enjoys pop music _ (much)答案most句意：这个男孩对即将到来的音乐节非常兴奋，他最喜欢流行音乐。根据句意可知，此处应用副词最高级，因此填most。23xx沈阳质检Cakes of this kind usually taste even _ (good) if they are heated for 5 to 8 seconds in the microwave.答案better句意：这种蛋糕如果用微波炉加热5到8秒钟，通常尝起来更美味。根据if条件从句可知，此处为隐性的比较语境，故应填better。24xx西安二模We regret to inform you that there are no tickets _ (avail) for Fridays performance.答案available句意：我们很遗憾地告诉你已经没有周五表演的票了。根据句子结构可知，应填形容词修饰tickets。25xx武汉调研Although she brushed the old pot _ (thorough), she could not make it pletely clean, which made her very upset.答案thoroughly句意：尽管她把古老的瓦罐彻底地刷了一下，她也没能弄得完全干净， 这使她很伤心。此处应该用副词形式修饰动词brushed。thoroughly“彻底，完全”。26xx石家庄模拟Adam immediately fell _ (silence) as tears rolled down his face.答案silentfall silent是固定短语，表示“安静下来”。27xx邯郸质检This is the _ (high) mountain I have ever climbed.答案highest由定冠词the及定语从句I have ever climbed加以限定范围后可知，此处应用形容词最高级。28xx河南开封高三二模Of all living things, human beings are the _ (clever)答案cleverest/most clever句意：在所有的生物中，人类是最聪明的。根据句意及提示词of all和the可知，应用形容词最高级。29xx湖南衡阳八中二模Bingley was clearly most interested in Jane Bennet, and started talking particularly to her. Darcy, _， was just determining not to look at Elizabeth, when he suddenly noticed the stranger.答案however句意：很明显，宾利对简班奈特很感兴趣，于是开始特别和她谈话。然而，当达西突然见到伊丽莎白，他却不想看到这个陌生人。根据前后两个句子的意思可知，后一句与前一句表示相反的意思。30xx湖南衡阳八中二模He was very goodlooking, with a very pleasant, sociable manner, and after the introductions, conversation flowed most _ (enjoy) in the little group.答案enjoyably句意：他很好看，彬彬有礼，好交际；介绍了之后，谈话就在小组里非常愉快地进行。从句子结构可知，flow是不及物动词，后面能用副词修饰。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。1xx全国卷Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady._答案steadysteadily句意：相反，他希望他的生意能够稳步增长。grow“增长”是谓语动词，故用副词修饰。2xx全国卷They were also the best and worse years in my life._答案worseworst句意：它们也是我生命中最好和最坏的那些年。此处用最高级，与前面的the best呼应。3xx全国卷At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them._答案freelyfree句意：起初，我甚至感到我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能够远离他们。be是连系动词，其后要跟形容词作表语。4xx四川高考The dishes that I cooked were Moms favoritest._答案favoritestfavorite句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。favorite“最喜欢的”，没有比较级和最高级形式。5xx四川高考Mom was grateful and moving._答案movingmovedmoving“令人感动的”，moved“感动的”。此处表示妈妈感到非常感动，故应用moved。6xx全国卷Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already bee a very seriously problem._答案seriouslyserious句意：大量的研究表明，全球变暖已经成为了一个严重的问题。problem为名词，前面需用形容词修饰。7xx全国卷He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop._答案去掉very句意：他非常喜欢它，于是很快走进了这家商店。在so.that.结构中，so后面的形容词不用very修饰。8xx全国卷Dad and I were terrible worried._答案terribleterribly句意：爸爸和我都很焦虑。worried为形容词，修饰形容词时要用副词。9xx陕西高考My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help._答案betterbest句意：我妈妈做的是世界上最好的饼干，因此我决定请她帮忙。根据句子中的限定范围in the world可知，需用最高级。10xx浙江高考On the lefthand side of the class, I could easy see the football field._答案easyeasily句意：在班级的左手边，我能轻易地看到足球场。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词see，需用副词。11xx南昌二模A miracle is something that seems possible but happens anyway._答案possibleimpossible句意：奇迹就是看似不可能发生却发生了的事。impossible“不可能的”，符合句意。12xx云南月考Fortunately, these visitors helped me a lot and made my life much easy than before._答案easyeasier句意：幸运的是，这些访客帮了我很多，使我的生活比以前更加安逸。根据than before可知，此处表示比较的意味，故用比较级。13xx浙江抽测Pleasing with the effect of the colo(u)r change, the woman smiled with satisfaction._答案PleasingPleased句意：这位女士对颜色变化的效果感到很满意，她满意地笑了。be pleased with.“对满意”，为固定短语。14xx西城期末What our physics teacher said could never be true. Im crazy about him._答案truetruer句意：我们物理老师所说的内容再正确不过了，我非常喜欢他。“否定词比较级”结构表示最高级。15xx南通调研The lawyer presented more and more evidence, and eventual, the criminal had to admit her guilt._答案eventualeventually句意：律师呈递出越来越多的证据，最后，罪犯不得不承认她的罪行。eventually“最后，终于”，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。形容词和副词(二)五、形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则1规则变化一般在词尾加er和est来构成比较级和最高级；以字母e结尾只加r和st；以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，将y变成i，再加er和est；其他多音节词，在形容词前加more或most。2不规则变化goodbetterbestbadworseworstfarfartherfarthest(距离)furtherfurthest(程度)六、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则1规则变化：与形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则相同。2不规则变化wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleast七、形容词和副词构成比较等级的几种形式等级形式意义原级.as原级as.和一样.not as/so原级as.不如比较级.比较级than.比更the比较级.，the比较级.越就越比较级and比较级.越来越the比较级of the two(名词)两者中较的那个最高级.最高级比较范围中最.比较级than any other单数名词比任何一个都(否定句中).a/an比较级单数可数名词没有比更的Tom sings as well as