2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning讲义新人教版选修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning讲义新人教版选修一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 .阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1twin n 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具4arbitrary adj. 任意的5fate n. 命运；天命 第二屏听写6medium n(pl.media)媒介；手段；工具7the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)8conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的9constitution n. 宪法；章程10pulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的11opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 第三屏听写12chorus n合唱；合唱队13loaf n. 一条(面包)14flour n. 面粉15claw n. 爪；脚爪16turkey n. 火鸡17feather n. 羽毛 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1differ vi.不同；相异2exact adj. 精确的；准确的3identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的4mercial_ adj. 商业的；贸易的5plicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的6undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担7breakthrough n. 突破 第五屏听写8procedure n 程序；步骤；手续9cast vt. 扔；投；掷10altogether adv. 总共；完全地11correction n. 改正；纠正；修正12object vi. 反对；不赞成13objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议14obtain vt. 获得；赢得 第六屏听写15attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)16forbid vt. 禁止；不准17accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积18owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于19shortly adv. 立刻；不久20retire vi. 退休；离开 第七屏听写21bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰22assumption n. 假定；设想23regulation n. 规则；规章；法规24popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行25strike_ vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工 第八屏听写26adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱27hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化28reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的29resist vt. 抵抗；对抗30drawback n. 缺点；不利条件31merely adv. 仅；只；不过32decoration n. 装饰 第九屏听写33unable adj.不能的；不会的34initial adj. 最初的；开始的35impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响36moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的37vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的38in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机39(be)_bound_to_(do). 一定或注定(做) 第十屏听写40strike_._into_ones_heart使刻骨铭心41from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔42bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活43in_favour_of 赞成；支持44in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)45cast_down 使失望；使沮丧46pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.twin n双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2.straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3.arbitrary adj. 任意的4.medium n. 媒介；手段；工具5.conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的6.constitution n. 宪法；章程7pulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的8.opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院9.chorus n. 合唱；合唱队10.loaf n. 一条(面包)11.flour n. 面粉12.claw n. 爪；脚爪13.feather n羽毛14.turkey n. 火鸡.写其形(汉译英)1.exact adj. 精确的；准确的2.cast vt. 扔；投；掷3.shortly adv. 立刻；不久4.strike vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工5.vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的6.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于7.initial adj. 最初的；开始的8.hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化9.moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的10.impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响11.adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱核心单词练通1.We are supposed to undertake (承担) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.2.With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.3.As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. 4.Nowadays, energy can be obtained_(获得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. 5.Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.6.So I have no choice but to bother_(打扰) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.7.But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks_(缺点) which should not be neglected. 8.A real modernized country will be a welldeveloped country not merely (仅) in cars but in every aspect, I believe.9.I regret to inform you that we are unable (不能的) to offer you employment.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的difference n差异；不同2.identical adj.同一的；一模一样的identity n身份；同一性；一致3mercial adj.商业的；贸易的merce n商业；贸易4plicated adj.复杂的；难懂的plicate vt.使复杂化plication n复杂5.correction n改正；纠正；修正correct adj.正确的 v改正6.object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对；异议7.accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulation n积累；增加8.retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休；引退9.assumption n假定；设想assume vt.假定；设想10.regulation n规则；规章；法规regulate vt.调节；管理11.popularity n受人喜爱；流行popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的12.resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的13.decoration n装饰；装修decorate v装饰；装修14.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n原因；道理用准用活1.When you set up your passwords on the Internet, youd better plicate them, because the more plicated your passwords are, the safer your Internet bees. (plicate)2.The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge. And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)3.From the appearance, we cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people. (differ)4.Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)5.Dont assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)6.Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance.(resist)7.He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement,_he settled down in a remote village. (retire)1.“动词副词”构成的合成名词drawback缺点breakdown 崩溃；故障farewell 告别feedback 反馈setup 计划；组织breakup 分手；中断2.含词根sist的词集锦resist v抵抗insist v. 坚持persist v. 坚持assist v. 协助 assistant n. 助手 consist vi. 由组成3.表示“反对；拒绝”的词荟萃against prep.反对oppose v. 反对object vi. 反对disagree vi. 不同意reject vt. 拒绝refuse v. 拒绝(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.cast_down使失望；使沮丧2.in_favour_of 赞成；支持3.bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活4.(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或注定(做)5.in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)Are you in_favour_of cloning human beings? Especially when your health is in_poor_condition,_you are_bound_to want to bring yourself back_to_life. Dont worry. Human cloning technology doesnt cast you down.第二组1.object_to 反对2.pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清3.in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机4.from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔5.strike_.into_ones_heart 使刻骨铭心Only if you dont object_to cloning human beings can what you do for your health pay_off. The successful organs cloning contributes to the patients recovery. I believe it will strike the advanced medical technology into_your_heart.1.“in名词of”短语全接触in favour of赞成；支持in search of 寻找in view of 鉴于；由于in memory of 为了纪念in honour of 为了纪念in terms of 就而言2.“v.off”短语荟萃pay off 偿清cut off 切断take off 起飞turn off 关闭put off 推迟give off 发出光/热/气体等3.“in名词”短语一览in vain白费力气；枉费心机in relief 如释重负地in short 总之；简言之in trouble 陷入麻烦in need 在困难中；急需in danger 在危险中(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had bee seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。then 位于句首时句子用全部倒装。然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。Then_came_the_exciting_news_that our team won the game.2.What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage？你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？do you think作插入语。这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting？3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die . 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉that引导的表语从句。骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。The advantage of cycling to work is that_we_can_live_a_lowcarbon_life.考点新组合阅读微技能The future of human cloningWhen _ es to human cloning, many people object to it. Because they think it will bring people disasters. Maybe it can bother your normal daily life. To our relief， we neednt be worried about it because human cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries. However, some severe patients need to be cloned if their health is in poor condition. In this_case， they maybe benefit from the cloned organs.1.处应填的词为_it_。2.处“To our relief”的意思为让我们感到欣慰的是。3.What does “this case” in the paragraph refer to？(B)A.Human cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries.B.Some patients in poor condition need to be cloned.C.Human cloning brings people disasters.D.The cloned organs are not very expensive.1object vi.反对；不赞成 (1)object to反对；不赞成(to是介词)(2)objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的题点全练单句语法填空A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.You should stop blaming yourself and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.2bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰 bother to do sth.操心/费心做某事bother (about) doing sth. 费心做某事bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空He is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.Dont bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.单句改错Im sorry I have bothered you to so many questions.towith3forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准 forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.单句改错I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets offering free plastic shopping bags.offering前加from名师指津forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。4in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) 归纳拓展out of condition健康状况欠佳on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时， 主句用部分倒装语序)on condition that . 在条件下；倘若应用领悟What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.我想让你意识到人人都可能健康状况不佳。We can build a harmonious society on condition that everyone behaves himself.倘若人人都能举止得体，那我们就能建设一个和谐的社会。The teacher always reminds us, “On no condition can we give up our dreams.”老师总是告诫我们：“我们决不能放弃我们的梦想。”考点新组合阅读微技能The future of human cloningNowadays, we should owe human cloning _ the development of social civilization. What strikes me most _(be) that human cloning is said to be allowed in the near future. By then, we can believe, some scientists great efforts will have paid off. Apparently, the advantage of human cloning is_ many serious diseases can be cured some day.1.处应填入的词为_to_。2.处应填词的正确形式为_is_。3.处应填入的词是that,_它引导的是表语从句，一般不能省略。5owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢 owe sth. to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it to sb. that . 把归功于某人owing to 因为；由于多角练透单句语法填空My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English. 补全句子Owing_to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.由于他的乐观和毅力，他被北京大学录取了。6strike vt.&vi.(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时 n罢工 be struck by 被打动/迷住了it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心多角练透单句语法填空It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.补全句子Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one Id strike_into_my_heart forever.这么多年以后遇到我亲爱的老师和同学真的是一个温暖的时刻，这一刻让我刻骨铭心。7pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 pay for付钱；为付出代价pay a visit to 参观；拜访pay attention to 注意；留心多角练透单句语法填空Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again？(xx天津高考书面表达)Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether acmodation is included.单句改错As students, we should pay more attentions to our habits which we develop in our study.attentionsattention补全句子All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard_work_pays_off.总之，条条大道通罗马，我相信努力就有回报。名师指津 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。8that引导的表语从句The advantage is that_if_there_is_a_new_illness_some_of_these_animals_may_die,_but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。The advantage of smiling is that_it_can_not_only_make_us_happy,_but also please others.微笑的优点在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。If there is anything that_I_can_help_you,_please dont hesitate to tell me.(xx全国卷书面表达)如果你有任何需要帮助的，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。I firmly believe that_it_will_be_a_success and we will enjoy ourselves.(xx浙江高考写作)我坚信那将会成功，我们也会玩得很开心。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present. 2Why bother going/to_go (go) abroad to study when there are so many good universities at home?3Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.4When climbing Mount Huang last year, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.5The driver was at a loss when word came that he was forbidden_to_drive (drive) for speeding.6Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?7The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna cant resist taking (take) a closer look at them.8They undertook to_promote (promote) exchanges and trade.9Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.10We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.单句改错1It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.去掉第一个to2No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exactexactly3Sometimes, some students object the idea that English classes are taught in English.object后加to4Owe to the recent bad weather, the project is several weeks behind schedule.OweOwing5There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.去掉of6By the end of last week, we had learnt 3,000 English words for altogether.去掉for7He travelled all over the nation after he retired at work.atfrom8Only if the students accumulate up a great deal of vocabulary can they grasp English.去掉up.选词填空in good condition， be bound to， pay off， cast down， in vain，bring back to life， from time to time， strike .into ones heart1I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?2The mobile phone is in_good_condition，looking like the newly bought one.3Dont let yourself be cast_down by a small failure in the experiment, try again.4In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.5Keep on working hard like this, and your research_is_bound_to_obtain great success.6The athletes years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.7Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.8All efforts will be in_vain if we cant learn English by practising repeatedly.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)The disadvantage of copying others homework is that_you_cannot_master_what_you_have_learned.2他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)He had just taken his seat; then came_the_head_teacher.3你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think 作插入语)Who_do_you_think_was_the_greatest_woman of the past 100 years?4我的多数同学都想去公园而我想要去参观博物馆。 (while并列句)Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_visit_a_museum.5新的学期很快就要开始了，我们将会再次忙碌起来。(with复合结构)With_the_new_term_to_begin_soon,_well_be_very_busy_again.高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解AWe are all fascinated by mysteries. To some extent we love to expect strange phenomenon occurring before us. Here are some amazing unsolved mysteries.The Georgia GuidestonesOn one of the highest hilltops in Elbert County, Georgia stands a giant granite monument (花岗岩纪念碑). Carved in eight different languages on the four giant stones are 10 Guides.The origin of this strange monument is covered in mystery because no one knows the true identity of the man, or men, who constructed it. All we know is that in June 1979, a man identifying himself as RC.Christian announced that he would build something to convey a message to mankind, but to date, no one knows who RC.Christian really was.Bermuda TriangleThe Bermuda Triangle is a triangular area of the Atlantic Ocean. Many planes, ships, and boats are said to have disappeared in this triangle without a trace, which led to the belief that “supernatural” forces exist in this area of the sea.Could there truly be an unnatural force at work in this geographical triangle or are these disappearances merely coincidence? Either way, numerous people remain unwilling to step over the boundary line into the Devils Triangle.Loch Ness MonsterThe Loch Ness Monster is a legendary animal that supposedly lives in the depths of Loch Ness, a long narrow lake located in rural Scotland.Stories concerning the monster date back to the 6th century AD. Over the years thousands have reported seeing a long neck appearing from the water with a small head of an unknown creature. Pictures have even been taken of this “creature”， but most scientists refuse to believe any creature of this kind lives in the Loch Ness. So far, the evidence is inadequate, and the controversy continues.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上三大未解之谜，包括佐治亚州的巨石阵、百慕大三角和尼斯湖水怪。1Why is the Georgia Guidestones mysterious?AIt is on one of the highest hilltops in Elbert County.BThere are eight different languages on the stones.CThe person who built it remains unknown.DR. C. Christian could convey a message to mankind.解析：选C细节理解题。根据The Georgia Guidestones部分第二段内容可知，巨石阵很神秘是因为没有人知道是谁建造了它。故选C。2Why are people unwilling to enter the Bermuda Triangle?AIt is too remote from land.BThe chance of surviving is slim there.CThere are supernatural forces in the area.DAll transportations have disappeared there.解析：选B推理判断题。根据Bermuda Triangle部分第一段第二句可知，在百慕大三角经常有飞机、轮船和小船失踪；由此可推知，在百慕大三角人们幸存的可能性很小，所以许多人不愿意进入百慕大三角地带。故选B。3What can we know about Loch Ness Monster?AIt existed in the 6th century AD.BIt is said to have a long neck and a large head.CIt has been living in Loch Ness Lake for a long time.DPeople havent reached an agreement on its existence.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，关于水怪的故事始于公元6世纪，并不是说水怪出现在公元6世纪，故排除A项；根据最后一段第二句中的“with a small head”可知，B项错误；根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，大多数科学家都不相信有这种水怪生活在尼斯湖中，故排除C项；根据最后一段最后一句可知，D项“人们对它的存在没有达成一致意见”符合原文。故选D。BHave you seen Jurassic Park? In this film, scientists use DNA kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. Thats nothing more than a fiction.But could we really clone endangered animals?To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare oxlike animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a mon bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope (羚羊), the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.Next, could we really clone extinct animals?In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a wellkept source of DNA from t